Retirement patterns in Hong Kong: a censored regression analysis

This paper provides an overview of retirement patterns in Hong Kong on the basis of limited data. A censored regression model is used to infer the retirement age from people‘s current retirement status and their current age. This model is equivalent to a restricted probit model, and the interpretation of parameters is straightforward. The results clearly show a negative income effect on the retirement decision. The retirement age seems to be positively related to lifetime earnings but negatively related to the rate of decline of earnings with age. JEL classification: C24, J14, J26 Received May 6, 1996 / Accepted February 5, 1997     

Modeling household fertility decisions with generalized Poisson regression

This paper models household fertility decisions by using a generalized Poisson regression model. Since the fertility data used in the paper exhibit under-dispersion, the generalized Poisson regression model has statistical advantages over both standard Poisson and negative binomial regression models, and is suitable for analysis of count data that exhibit either over-dispersion or under-dispersion. The model is estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. Approximate tests for the dispersion and goodness-of-fit measures for comparing alternative models are discussed. Based on observations from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics of 1989 interviewing year, the empirical results support the fertility hypothesis of Becker and Lewis (1973). Received January 7, 1997 /Accepted April 3, 1997     

Behavioral evaluation of a state program of deinstitutionalization of the developmentally disabled

The purpose of this study was to evaluate one phase of a statewide program of deinstitutionalizing developmentally disabled individuals. Forty adults who had spent a minimum of six months in community placements were evaluated with respect to changes in behavior associated with movement out of state institutions and into community settings such as group homes and day activity centers. Pre- and post-deinstitutionalization measures were taken with the Behavior Development Survey. Post-deinstitutionalization measures on Cataldo and Risley's Resident Activity Manifest were compared to the same measures obtained on 159 developmentally disabled individuals scheduled for deinstitutionalization. A consistent pattern of positive changes on both instruments favored deinstitutionalization, but changes could not be unequivocally attributed to movement out of the institutions per se.     

汉译佛教词语的确立

由汉字与中国化佛教两要素涵化而成的“汉译佛教词语”,久为东亚各国所通用。在中国和日本,汉译佛教词语构成宗教、伦理、哲学等领域的中坚概念。汉译佛教词语藏于汉译佛典之中,其形成期相当于佛典汉译期,主要在魏晋南北朝、隋唐。汉译佛教词语在中日两国间的互动,则一直延续到近现代。     

An ISO 9001:2000-based framework for realizing quality in small businesses

The purpose of ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management System (QMS) is to provide businesses with a model to grow systematically while assuring the quality of their products. The validity of ISO 9001:2000 QMS stems, largely, from the fact that the best minds worldwide have contributed to its development and maintenance, and the fact that many companies have reported real business gains because of its implementation. Unfortunately, many small businesses fail to survive due to the absence or lack of adequate system for managing quality. An obvious recommendation would be to implement ISO 9001:2000 QMS. Nevertheless, small businesses often cite lack of resources and time as the main reasons for not implementing ISO 9001:2000 QMS.     

基于核心素养视域下的学前教育本科专业实训室建设探析

核心素养是世界各国面对21世纪信息时代对公民生活世界和个人自我实现的挑战而要求人才具备的品格和关键能力。学前教育专业是一门实践性强、综合素养要求高的专业,学生只有通过实践、在实践中才能实现全面发展。培养学生的核心素养,实训室的文化建设是基础,它对学生核心素养的培养起着潜移默化的作用;实训室的物质建设是关键,基础实训室、专业实训室有利于牢固学生的文化基础,培养学生的创新和反思批判的科学精神;设计类实训室有利于学生养成自学、乐学、好学的学习品质,提高学生的动手实践能力;综合类实训室可以提高学生的社会参与能力和沟通协作能力,具有服务社会的责任担当;实训室的双师型教师队伍是根本,是学生核心素养能否形成的先决条件。     

基于《巴塞尔Ⅲ最终方案》的弹性杠杆率监管研究

弹性资本充足率监管加刚性杠杆率监管存在机理性缺陷。弹性资本充足率监管会影响刚性杠杆率监管的效果,刚性杠杆率监管也不能体现杠杆累积在时间维度和空间维度风险的变化。若引入弹性杠杆率缓冲,刚性杠杆率监管加弹性资本充足率监管的机理性缺陷就可以避免。因此,有必要实施弹性杠杆率监管,杠杆率的弹性化程度与银行的系统重要性程度相对应。     

汉语新词语现状及共管理策略刍议

语言是随着经济、社会、文化的发展而不断发展的。我们所处的时代瞬息万变，汉语新词语不断涌现。对此，学界存在着或否定或欢迎等不同态度。我们认为，吐故纳新是汉语的一大特性，我们应坚持开放宽容而又积极规范的态度，一方面大胆包容新词语不断出现的现象，一方面采取一定的措施加强语言的规范管理，处理好语言共性与个性的关系，使汉语发展既保持稳定性又富于创造性。     

试用模因论浅析当今流行语

随着社会的发展,大量的流行语层出不穷。流行语即某些群体使用的时尚流行的新词。其新颖的用法、独特的结构吸引了无数年轻人。从语用学的维度来看,这是一种典型的语言模因现象。模因论是基于达尔文的进化论引申而来,用来研究文化现象传播的规律及过程。由此以模因论为基础分析当今社会出现的热门的流行语及其传播过程、语用价值,以期丰富语言模因的研究。     

Reliability analysis of systems with components having two dependent subcomponents

In this article, a system that consists of n independent components each having two dependent subcomponents (A_i, B_i), i = 1, …, n is considered. The system is assumed to compose of components that have two correlated subcomponents (A_i, B_i), and functions iff both systems of subcomponents A₁, A₂, …, A_n and B₁, B₂, …, B_n work under certain structural rules. The expressions for reliability and mean time to failure of such systems are obtained. A sufficient condition to compare two systems of bivariate components in terms of stochastic ordering is also presented.