Revisiting gendered assumptions of practitioner power: An exploratory study examining the role of social media expertise

The purpose of this exploratory study was to expand upon previous literatures in public relations power, and fill the need for more scholarship regarding practitioners’ perceptions of social media work, power, and gender. Findings from a survey of PRSA members showed that there is a gendered difference in power perception between males and females regardless of their PR roles or level of experience, but social media expertise was perceived equally between both genders. We argue that while social media expertise may serve to reduce a gendered power divide in public relations, continued critical exploration of social media and gender inequality is necessary.     

Room for manoeuvre: User participation in water resources management in Burkina Faso

Participation in natural resources management is widely promoted in sub‐Saharan Africa, but faces mounting criticism from social science scholars who rarely engage with it in practice. We use the notion of room for manoeuvre to reflect on a multi‐level participatory approach designed to support the Burkinabè Integrated Water Resources Management policy and propose ways of engaging constructively with local users and policy‐makers. Within an “invited space” of participation, water users’ room for manoeuvre was enhanced through the acquisition of new knowledge on the legal Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) framework. This allowed them to interact with decision‐makers and to extend their networks. Power imbalances were discussed, but this did not lead to modifying existing power structures that hinge on broader societal dynamics.     

Unreasonable adjustments: the additional unpaid labour of academics with disabilities

Abstract

Two recent contributions to this section have drawn attention to the barriers which academics with disabilities have to navigate in academia where ableism “is endemic” (Brown and Leigh, 2018 Brown, N & Leigh, J (2018) Abelism in academia? Where are the disabled and ill academics. Disability & Society, 33 (6): 985–989.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]: 4). Hannam-Swain (2018 Hannam-Swain, S (2018) The additional labour of a disabled PhD student. Disability & Society, 33 (1): 138–142.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) highlighted the additional intellectual, emotional and physical labour required of her as a disabled PhD student, and Brown and Leigh (2018 Brown, N & Leigh, J (2018) Abelism in academia? Where are the disabled and ill academics. Disability & Society, 33 (6): 985–989.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) queried “where are all the disabled and ill academics?” However, Brown and Leigh primarily focus on those with invisible “conditions” and the dilemmas raised by disclosure in a context where such conditions negate academic status and credibility. In contrast, since my “disability” is visible, I do not share the dilemma/“luxury” of secrecy. My presence announces my status before me, and this negates my personhood altogether in academic settings. It also places a burden of additional unpaid labour upon me which has significant mental health and career impacts as well as violating principles of equality.     

《诗经》与《楚辞》的审美异趣——以神道观念为切入点

<诗经>表现出的神道观念具有一种精英文化特质,而<楚辞>则呈现出一种俚俗文化气息;<诗经>所描写的神灵具有崇高性,标志着审美主体的理性成熟,<楚辞>所描写的神灵多有具象,表现出审美主体情感的真挚与酣畅;<楚辞>所表现的神道观念更注重情感的愉悦与失落,而<诗经>所表现的神道观念更注重理性的深化与升华,二者在相同的表现对象上体现出的审美异趣,更为清晰地呈现出各自所代表的文化性征.     

离婚财产分割中的知识产权问题

当事人在离婚分割夫妻共同财产时,如何处理知识产权,已成为不可忽视的问题。因其独有的特性,知识产权不属于夫妻共同财产,由知识产权取得的收益,则属于夫妻共同财产。知识产权的获得与收益的取得具有不同步性,必须根据具体情形认定婚姻关系存续期间知识产权收益的归属。在离婚时对知识产权收益进行分割可以采取平均分割、估价分割或保留分割请求权的方式。     

新中国六十年文化现代化的思考

文化现代化是现代化中最艰难的文化转型.新中国60年来,历史的发展赋予中国文化现代化以鲜明的时代特征.思考新中国60年来文化现代化,从文化与经济政治、时代性与民族性、本土化与全球化、一元与多元、文化事业和文化产业、人的发展与社会发展等六对矛盾着手,辨证把握中国文化现代化的特征,有助于我们深化对中国文化现代化的规律性和艰巨性的认识.     

Consultants' forum: should post hoc sample size calculations be done?

Pre‐study sample size calculations for clinical trial research protocols are now mandatory. When an investigator is designing a study to compare the outcomes of an intervention, an essential step is the calculation of sample sizes that will allow a reasonable chance (power) of detecting a pre‐determined difference (effect size) in the outcome variable, at a given level of statistical significance. Frequently studies will recruit fewer patients than the initial pre‐study sample size calculation suggested. Investigators are faced with the fact that their study may be inadequately powered to detect the pre‐specified treatment effect and the statistical analysis of the collected outcome data may or may not report a statistically significant result. If the data produces a “non‐statistically significant result” then investigators are frequently tempted to ask the question “Given the actual final study size, what is the power of the study, now, to detect a treatment effect or difference?” The aim of this article is to debate whether or not it is desirable to answer this question and to undertake a power calculation, after the data have been collected and analysed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汉语和汉字的互动与和谐发展

汉语和汉字的关系是一种独特的类型:文字与音节、语素对应,形音义一体,结构立体化。汉字适应并参与了汉语的演变:不断调整字音和字形以适应意义的扩展,形成单音的核心词和开放的多音词的巧妙配合,字义虚化生成语法模式。在汉语发展历史上,汉字为贯通古今南北、保持汉语的统一,传承民族文化做出了重大贡献。汉语和汉字缔造的"单音节""非形态"的特征值得深入地研究。     

《楚辞补注》对屈原形象的重新确立

<楚辞补注>中的屈原,既有"忠君"思想,又有"爱国"精神,也有儒家推崇的坚贞节操,而在对节操的坚持中又体现出其个体的独立人格.这是洪兴祖注释出的屈原新形象,在这个形象中体现着宋代独特的社会政治背景、文化氛围以及洪兴祖个人的精神风貌.     

我国区域立法主体制度探析

区域立法在主体构成上是复合的,这与区域类型的多样性有关。当前对我国区域立法之“区域”的界定主要依据两个标准,即经济标准和行政标准。立法主体应包括立法职权主体和立法参与主体,这同样适用于区域立法主体。其中,一般地方立法机关是构成区域立法职权主体的最主要部分,而区域立法参与主体是区域立法主体不可或缺的组成部分。就我国区域立法主体的运作机制而言,区域立法参与主体应该发挥更大甚至主导作用。