清代词集丛刻的文献价值与词学贡献

清词号为中兴,词集丛刻亦甚为发达,文献保存之功甚巨。清代前期词坛昌盛,词集丛刻如《国朝名家诗馀》等多为今人词集之汇辑,保存了大量当代名家词集。中期的词集丛刻则更多地倾向于中小作家,于此可见更为普泛化群体的创作状况,同时在编选倾向上又受浙派词风和乾嘉学风的影响,呈现出偏重浙西词派和重音律等特征。晚清词集丛刻数量大增,品类丰富,王鹏运的《四印斋所刻词》等搜辑宋元旧集,开启词集校勘之风,词学贡献尤为卓著。     

Retrospective Reasons for the Initiation of Substance Use

ABSTRACT

Evidence for comorbidity in psychiatric disorders and chemical depend ency suggests that peopie with ad dietion problems use drugs and alcohoito cope with painful affeetive states and symptoms. At the same time, sus tained chem i cal use may also lead to fur ther dam age and mimic symp toms of dis or ders. This study was de signed to build knowledge about the rea sons in-patient and out-patient sub stance abus ers in treatment initially use, and to test if there were dif fer ences be tween gender and eth nie (White non-His panic and Af ri can-Amer i can) groups. Findings in di cated that peo pie not only started using drugs and al co hoi to en hance af feetive states, they also were likely to use chem i cals as a way to cope with pain ful, af feetive symp toms. Gender seemed to play a salient role than ethnieity in that fe males of either ethnieity were more likely than males to end or se items relating to the management of negative af feetive states, for enhancement of skills and prob-lem-solving abilities, and for per ceived lack of alternatives. Implications of this study are provided.     

An Enhanced Double MEWMA Controller for Drifted MIMO Systems

For a drifted multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system, the double multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (dMEWMA) controller is a popular run-to-run (RTR) controller for adjusting the process mean to a desired target. The stability and performance of dMEWMA controller had been widely studied in literature. Although the dMEWMA controller (with suitable discount matrices) can guarantee long-term stability, it usually requires a moderately large number of runs to bring the process output to approach its desired target if the initial recipe is not chosen appropriately. Due to the initial recipe possibly having an infinite number of feasible solutions for MIMO systems, “how to determine an optimal setting for the initial recipe” turns out to be an interesting research topic. In this article, by solving a constrained optimization problem, we first obtain an optimal initial setting for the input recipe. Then, motivated by this setting, we propose an enhanced dMEWMA controller. The long-term stability conditions and short-term performance of the proposed controller are also addressed. Given a fixed and finite production run, it reveals that the proposed controller has the ability of reducing total mean squared error (TMSE) better than the conventional dMEWMA controller.     

社会认知偏差:群体性事件生成的社会心理启动根源

社会认知偏差是群体性事件生成的深层次社会心理现象,通过对山东部分地区进行抽样调查,并结合近几年来全国群体性事件典型案例的分析发现,生成群体性事件的社会认知偏差,主要包括事件诱因责任归因偏差、行为模式结果预期偏差和行为结果价值偏差。因此,改善法的实施现状,消除社会认知偏差;提高公众法律意识,优化社会认知;建立心理危机干预队伍,合理引导社会认知,是群体性事件社会认知偏差的有效干预对策。     

刑法刑事责任年龄阶段划分探析——兼谈97《刑法》第17条

对中外刑事责任年龄阶段的划分进行了比较分析。国外有“四分法”、“三分法”和“二分法”的分歧 ,国内有“三分法”和“四分法”的争论。笔者否定“四分法”及“二分法”,肯定“三分法”,并对 1997年修订的《刑法》第17条的立法方式提出了建议 ,以期完善我国的刑事责任年龄制度     

对见义勇为道德评价的不足及其法律完善

对见义勇为仅作道德评价是不够的 ,应强化对见义勇为的法律评价。然而 ,尽管我国目前的法律对见义勇为作出了积极、肯定的评价 ,但仍存在着不足 ,所以 ,应完善立法 ,提高对见义勇为的物质性控制     

从"中体西用"到改革开放--中国现代化历程的回顾与思考

自十九世纪中叶起,探索救国与强国之路,是摆在中国人面前的一个重大课题。本文从思想认识演化的角度,纵线条观察分析了从现代洋务运动到今天改革开放,中国人对现代化的认识过程,以期得到一些有益的历史借鉴和思想启迪。     

职业道德建设与我国卫生体制改革

本文根据<公民道德建设实施纲要>关于职业道德的基本要求,结合卫生行业实际,提出了卫生行业各部门工作人员应遵循的具体职业道德要求,并就如何通过卫生体制改革促进卫生职业道德建设提出了自己的见解.     

道德行为补偿请求权初探

在市场经济大潮下 ,社会传统所固有的“情理”、“善”等伦理准则被“财富最大化”的经济理性所代替。适应这一现象 ,就要寻找一条合理有效的途径 ,即 :用法律规范的方式将道德行为者与受益人视为债权人与债务人 ,赋予道德行为者以民事补偿请求权。用权利作动力 ,改变传统社会的法律义务 ,更有利于现实社会的发展。