Analysis of child labour in Peru and Pakistan: A comparative study

This paper analyses child labour participation and its key determinants using data sets from Peru and Pakistan. The results include tests of the ‘Luxury’ and ‘Substitution’ hypotheses that play key roles in recent studies on child labour and child schooling. The results reject both hypotheses in the context of child labour in Pakistan and suggest that income and related variables do not have the expected negative effect on children's work input. Rising wages of adult female labour in Pakistan, and falling adult male wage in Peru lead to increased participation of children in the labour market. The results on the combined country data formally establish the presence of strong individual country effects in the estimated regressions. For example, ceteris paribus, a Peruvian child is more likely to experience schooling than a Pakistani child. However, both countries agree on the positive role that adult female education and infrastructure investment in basic amenities can play in discouraging child labour and encouraging child schooling. Received: 24 August 1998/Accepted: 10 March 1999     

政府绩效评估指标体系中文文献评述:基于"3Es"的逻辑框架

从20世纪90年代以来,我国学者对政府绩效评估进行了很多的理论研究,但其中明确建立了指标体系的研究成果并不太多。本文基于"3Es"的逻辑框架,用政府服务的三个流程:投入、产出、结果为分析维度,从国内742篇相关文献中选择其中建立了绩效评估指标的42篇文章对指标进行了归类分解和评述。     

基于S3C44B0X的汽车故障设备诊断接口的扩展实现

在简单介绍多种汽车故障诊断协议后,给出了基于ARM芯片S3C44B0X的汽车诊断设备的硬件设计框图。详细介绍了如何利用CPLD芯片EPM7064S实现汽车诊断协议接口的扩展,包括OBD-II和基于CAN总线自诊断协议接口的实现,并给出了硬件和软件的实现方法。     

政府绩效评估指标体系三维立体逻辑框架的结构与运用研究

政府绩效评估指标体系设计不是若干指标的随意堆砌或简单罗列.基于绩效维度、层级特征、样本属性三维构建了一个政府绩效评估指标体系设计立体逻辑框架.通过对湖南省政府绩效评估指标体系的实际运用,发现该框架能针对样本政府的实际情况与层级特征,设计出一套科学、合理的评估指标体系.同时,"原语合成法"、信度效度测量和科学的指标设计流程在政府绩效评估指标体系三维立体逻辑框架的运用中发挥着重要的作用.     

企业管理信息系统与P3、P3e/c数据交换的研究与实现

本文首先讨论P3、P3e/c项目管理软件与企业管理信息系统集成的必要性和重要性,然后详细地介绍了采用RA引擎(OLE对象)技术来实现P3软件与企业管理信息系统的数据交换,以及与P3e/c交互的原理。分析P3、P3e/c在数据组织上的差异,提出解决方案。最后以实例讨论和分析了这种方法在实际系统中的应用。     

基于系统动力学第三方直通集配中心模式研究

采用定性分析与系统动力学建模定量研究相结合的研究方法,首先对供应链库存管理的第三方直通集配中心模式做了较为系统的分析和界定;其次,建立了第三方直通集配中心模式下的供应链系统动力学模型;最后,对第三方直通集配中心模式供应链库存管理案例进行了仿真分析,证明了该模式相对分散式VMI模式的比较优势,并对第三方直通集配中心的运营策略提出了优化建议.     

The empirical analysis of the -bilateral optimized combinatorial auction model

This study proposes a new and highly efficient dynamic combinatorial auction mechanism—the N-bilateral optimized combinatorial auction (N-BOCA). N-BOCA is a flexible iterative combinatorial auction model that offers more optimized trading for multiple suppliers and purchasers in the supply chain than one-sided combinatorial auction. We design the N-BOCA model from the perspectives of market architecture, trading rules, and decision strategy for winner determination, the decision strategy for winner determination needs flexible optimization modeling capability. Thus rule-based reasoning was applied for reflecting the flexible decision strategies. We also show the viability of N-BOCA through Paired Samples T-test experimentation. It shows that N-BOCA yields higher purchase efficiency and effectiveness than the one-auctioneer to multi-bidders (1-to-N) combinatorial auction mechanism.     

0-3岁婴幼儿亲子阅读中亲子互动策略优化的行动研究

基于 0-3 岁婴幼儿亲子阅读互动现状调查发现的家长互动经验缺乏、形式单一等问题,开展“计划—行动—观察—反思—再计划”三轮亲子阅读互动循环提升的行动研究。实践表明,创设情境多元互动、拓展经验促成互动、审美体验美化互动是提升阅读互动质量的有效策略;家长对婴幼儿身心发展特点和教育规律的认知、对美的鉴赏与表达能力是影响互动策略实施的重要因素;专家的精心指导和及时评价、家庭间的作品展示和体会交流是营造阅读互动氛围提升互动效果的良好举措。建议家长自主学习、积极实践、主动交流来推进有效互动策略的实施。     

Minimizing the expected time to detect a randomly located lost target using 3-dimensional search technique

Abstract

This paper considers a new model in search theory to find a randomly located target in the 3-dimensional space. An approximation algorithm that facilitates searching procedures for searchers or robots is presented. The expected time to detect the target is also proved. The statistical analysis by calculating the optimal search strategy which minimizes the time to detect the target, assuming trivariate standard normal distribution is provided, and the technique by flowcharts is designed as well. The effectiveness of this strategy is illustrated by introducing an application from real world.     

数字化高灵敏度荧光显微镜在As_2O_3诱导MGC-803细胞核凋亡产生钙振荡研究中的应用

利用数字化高灵敏度荧光显微镜对As2O3诱导MGC-803细胞核凋亡过程中的钙振荡进行研究,通过图像中荧光强度随时间变化的规律反应钙振荡的频率和强度变化。结果证实As2O3诱导MGC-803细胞核凋亡过程中,的确引发了钙振荡,说明核钙参与了凋亡过程,并且钙振荡的频率以低频为主。对两相邻细胞核的钙振荡信号观察分析发现,两核钙强度变化曲线低频部分异常相似,几乎在同一时刻达到最高点和最低点。尽管钙波动的幅度不同,但基本频率相同,由此可初步预测钙信号以频率变化为表达特征。两细胞核凋亡呈同步化趋势,证明在受到As2O3刺激后,细胞核的凋亡不是个别现象。