提高女生短跑成绩的教法手段之研究

采用正交实验和教学实践相结合的研究方法,对提高初三女生短跑成绩的教法手段进行了研究;正交实验结果显示,影响女生50米跑成绩的因素其主次顺序为:绝时速度、速度力量、加速能力、速度耐力,最优搭配方案为A2B2C3D1;通过教学实践检验,新的搭配方案明显地提高学生的运动能力.     

FAIR PRICING

This paper explores the consequences of supposing that consumers see a firm as fair if they cannot reject the hypothesis that the firm is somewhat benevolent towards them. When consumers can reject this hypothesis, some become angry, which is costly to the firm. The desire to appear benevolent can lead firms to adopt third‐degree price discrimination based on the income of different consumer classes while foreswearing third‐degree price discrimination based on differences in the elasticity of demand. It can also explain why prices seem to be more responsive to changes in factor costs than to changes in demand that have the same effect on marginal cost. Lastly, if consumers experience regret or disappointment when faced by increased prices, the model can explain why prices can be more rigid in response to disasters that increase demand dramatically than they are when there is a less substantial increase in demand.     

基于有限元方法的抽油杆管磨损量预测

针对在斜直井、定向井、水平井等井中采取有杆泵采油作业时,由于抽油杆屈曲以及井眼弯曲导致抽油杆严重偏磨的问题,建立了抽油杆动态行为有限元分析方法。利用能量法原理,将抽油杆发生偏磨时产生的摩擦功与金属磨损消耗的能量联系起来,确定了有杆抽油系统杆管偏磨磨损量预测模型,利用有限元分析得到的接触力可以定量分析杆管柱的磨损量。结果表明,有限元方法模拟效果较好,可用于预测井下杆管偏磨情况,对油田采取合理的防偏磨措施具有重要的指导意义。     

Exploring How an Elementary Teacher Plans and Implements Social Studies Inquiry

Social studies continues to be marginalized in elementary grades, yet the C3 Framework and its Inquiry Arc offer possibilities for high-quality elementary social studies instruction. However, the C3 Framework requires that teachers possess an adequate understanding of how to implement inquiry within the various social studies disciplines, which we argue is an aspect of the pedagogical content knowledge necessary for effective elementary social studies instruction. This single-case study follows an elementary teacher through her use of the C3 Framework, Inquiry Arc, and a related curriculum approach called the Inquiry Design Model as she conceptualized, planned, and implemented inquiries in her fifth-grade classroom. By incorporating this new knowledge into her existing understanding of social studies pedagogy, as well as her knowledge of her students and specific educational context, the teacher was able to successfully navigate some of the challenges associated with implementing social studies inquiry in elementary classrooms.     

利用有色浓淡斑点进行三维空间位置测试

提出有色方向符号匹配法,提出有色浓淡斑点,并利用顶点处配置了有色浓淡斑点的三角形标示进行空间位置测试。     

Health care privatization processes in Europe: Theoretical justifications and empirical classification

This article analyses the health care system reform process in Europe based on the concept of privatization. This notion is understood from two perspectives. First, privatization may concern the health care financing or the provision of health services. Second, privatization can be “imposed” on individuals or be “internalized” and then introduced by individuals (patients and doctors). So we emphasize the diversity that privatization can assume. We classify privatization mechanisms used by different countries and identify which of the perspectives presented are more common in 14 European Union countries since the 1980s. The article shows that even if privatization processes are widespread, they assume different patterns in each country.     

浅论明初朱元璋废相的原因

先秦尚无正式相制,军政合一,政务尚简.自军政分立,国政繁琐,辅政职务越发重要,秦设丞相总领百官辅政,汉武帝时以中官夺相权,隋唐宋时相职以多散权,元朝则独设中书省,家天下的朝政导致私利和公权交杂,而明太祖废相制,以天子亲政朱批政务.历朝治乱循环均无法从制度层面解决家天下的稳定传承,相权演变也是皇权变化的外在表现.本文试图从相权的演变中探讨明初废相的原因和动机.     

The effect of weight function on hypothesis testing in weighted sampling

In this paper the problem of statistical hypothesis testing under weighted sampling is considered for obtaining the most powerful test. Some simulated powers of tests, using the Monte Carlo method, are performed. Using a convenient sample of the specialist physicians of Social Security Organization of Ahvaz in Iran, two weighted samplings versus random sampling are tested. Among the three mentioned sampling, the size-biased sampling order 0.2 is more appropriate for the mechanism of data collection.     

CO-tucker: a new method for the simultaneous analysis of a sequence of paired tables

Relationships between species and their environment are a key component to understand ecological communities. Usually, this kind of data are repeated over time or space for communities and their environment, which leads to a sequence of pairs of ecological tables, i.e. multi-way matrices. This work proposes a new method which is a combined approach of STATICO and Tucker3 techniques and deals to the problem of describing not only the stable part of the dynamics of structure–function relationships between communities and their environment (in different locations and/or at different times), but also the interactions and changes associated with the ecosystems’ dynamics. At the same time, emphasis is given to the comparison with the STATICO method on the same (real) data set, where advantages and drawbacks are explored and discussed. Thus, this study produces a general methodological framework and develops a new technique to facilitate the use of these practices by researchers. Furthermore, from this first approach with estuarine environmental data one of the major advantages of modeling ecological data sets with the CO-TUCKER model is the gain in interpretability.     

无线城市技术在环境保护领域的应用探索

简要介绍和对比了"无线城市"相关技术,并就该技术在环境保护领域的应用模式,进行了初步探索.