Determinants of financial worry and rumination

Significant parts of populations in developed countries frequently worry and ruminate about their finances. Financial worry and rumination can have serious psychological consequences, resulting in lower psychological well-being, mental-health problems, and impaired cognitive functioning. The literature lacks studies investigating the socio-demographic antecedents of and the financial processes underlying financial worry and rumination.The purpose of our study was to investigate the socio-demographic and financial antecedents of financial worry and rumination (FWR) and the financial factors mediating these relationships. We collected online self-administered survey data from a sample of the Dutch population (N = 1040). Using confirmatory factor analysis, we found that a bifactor model, including a strong and reliable general factor, provided the best explanation of the structure underlying FWR.We developed a parallel mediation model and investigated its structural relationships using structural equation modeling. After controlling for multiple hypotheses testing, our results show that income, past positive changes in one’s finances, and age are negatively related to FWR. We found no support for education level and only weak support for expected changes in one’s finances as antecedents. Furthermore, the explained variance in FWR substantially improved after adding the mediators of making ends meet, financial buffer, and perceived debts. Among these mediators, making ends meet played a key role explaining respectively half and two-thirds of the total effects of income and past changes in one’s finances on FWR. These results were robust under several specifications and were generalizable to the Dutch population. We discuss the implications of our results for future research and government policy.     

基层法院审理涉农民事案件的对策思考

涉农民事案件的审判是基层法院工作的重点及难点。当前涉农民事案件类型具有多样化、复杂化的特点。基层法院在审理涉农民事案件时,在法律适用、案件执行、案件调解、农民权益维护等方面存在诸多问题。为此,基层法院对于涉农民事案件的审理,应渗透现代司法理念,转变工作方式,强化调解意识,优化农民诉讼环境,把"司法为民"贯穿于审判执行工作的始终,为农村社会治安综合治理服务。     

联盟管理实践获取与联盟成功：被调节的中介效应

近年来,企业间战略联盟在全世界范围内越来越普遍。联盟的高失败率使企业界和理论界人士开始关注如何实现联盟成功。在长期的联盟活动中,联盟企业都积累了各自独特的一整套被称为联盟管理实践的方法、流程和技能,以提高联盟管理能力、实现联盟预期目标。依据组织学习和关系理论,联盟企业能够从合作伙伴那里获取有价值的联盟管理实践并将其应用于自身的联盟管理活动,这一过程必然有益于联盟管理。然而,鲜有研究探讨联盟管理实践获取行为对联盟成功的影响。 基于以上考虑,引入联盟管理能力和共同行动两个概念,分别作为中介变量和调节变量,构建一个被调节的中介效应模型,以更好地揭示联盟管理实践获取对联盟成功的作用机理。为了检验上述被调节的中介效应模型及相关的作用机理,利用从中国大陆收集的调研数据进行实证研究。最终的样本包含205家联盟企业,且每家企业有两位关键信息提供者,综合采用逐步线性回归和被调节的路径分析方法验证假设。 研究结果表明,联盟管理实践获取通过联盟管理能力这一中介机制最终促进联盟成功,共同行动正向调节联盟管理能力与联盟成功的关系,存在假设中的被调节的中介效应。也就是说,联盟管理实践获取对联盟成功的影响需要通过提升联盟管理能力来实现;同时,联盟双方共同行动水平越高,这一过程越容易实现。 联盟管理实践获取为解释联盟成功的作用机理提供了一个新的视角,拓展了联盟管理能力方面的研究,尤其表现为同时关注联盟管理能力的前因和结果,将组织学习理论和关系理论统一整合到联盟成功研究的框架下,这可视为两大理论的创新性应用。此外,研究结果为现实中联盟企业实现联盟成功指出一条新路,即从合作伙伴处获取有价值的联盟管理实践以促进联盟成功。     

A Cross‐Cultural Study of Perceived Benefit Versus Risk as Mediators in the Trust‐Acceptance Relationship

Several recent studies have identified the significant role social trust in regulatory organizations plays in the public acceptance of various technologies and activities. In a cross‐cultural investigation, the current work explores empirically the relationship between social trust in management authorities and the degree of public acceptability of hazards for individuals residing in either developed or emerging Latin American economies using confirmatory rather than exploratory techniques. Undergraduates in Mexico, Brazil, and Chile and the United States and Spain assessed trust in regulatory authorities, public acceptance, personal knowledge, and the risks and benefits for 23 activities and technological hazards. Four findings were encountered. (i) In Latin American nations trust in regulatory entities was strongly and significantly (directly as well as indirectly) linked with the public's acceptance of any activity or technology. In developed countries trust and acceptability are essentially linked indirectly (through perceived risk and perceived benefit). (ii) Lack of knowledge strengthened the magnitude and statistical significance of the trust‐acceptability relationship in both developed and developing countries. (iii) For high levels of claimed knowledge, the impact on the trust‐acceptability relationship varied depending upon the origin of the sample. (iv) Confirmatory analysis revealed the relative importance of perceived benefit over perceived risk in meditating the trust‐acceptability causal chain.     

风险背景下的传播伦理研究

现代风险有严重危害性、不确定性、不可见性、非经验性、全球性和个体性等特点。作为一种技术、制度和人为的后果,风险本身无法自我呈现,它总是已经被中介了,在现代社会,大众传媒又具有重要的中介价值。因此,风险问题总是一个传播和沟通的问题,在类似危机传播这样的技术性方案无能为力的情况下,传播伦理的思考无疑成为了重要的选择之一,通过一些例子和边界的设定,最终的目标是建立一个充满弹性和宽容的传播(沟通)伦理机制,召唤所有可能的力量来参与这场巨大的对话,共同面对或超越风险最后的疯狂。     

域外民间调解制度对我国的若干启示

人民调解是一项重要的ADR制度,该制度利用基层民间自治机制解决纠纷,成为化解矛盾、稳定社会的第一道防线。目前,我国的民间调解制度正面临新时期的改革需求。本文运用比较的方法,从规范化、受案范围、新型调解组织、经济杠杆促成调解、司法与调解互动、人力资源建设和科学研究等六个方面分析了我国人民调解制度与世界其他国家相比存在的不足之处,提出改革的建议。     

Begleiterscheinungen projektförmig organisierter Mediationsverfahren

In large scale environmental mediations research instituts often had an important role. Frequently they took the initiative, operated as projekt managers, as mediators and analysed the processes and the results of the mediation. The management of mediations by research instituts has various effects on the procedural process and the evaluation of the results. The interaction of science and practice can cause constructive synergy effects as well as mutual obstructions. Subject of this aricle are in particular the related problems, which can be generated if a mediation is organised as a research projekct.     

论诉讼调解的合理性——以民事诉讼目的定位为切入点

诉讼调解在我国有着深厚的文化和社会心理基础,历来就是纠纷解决的重要手段。随着司法改革的深入,诉讼调解在民事诉讼中的合理性受到学术界的质疑,其在法律中的地位也由此发生了反复性的变化。当前,在构建和谐社会的大背景下,最高法院又强调”高度重视运用调解手段化解矛盾纠纷”。因此,在诉讼调解备受争议但其又为中国现实所需的情况下,笔者认为通过对我国民事诉讼目的的定位来论证诉讼调解制度在民事诉讼中的合理性具有较强的说服力。     

基层维稳新探索——天津唐口街“群众诉求调处四级网格”结构功能分析

新形势下的社会冲突大多数源起于基层。亟需我们稳定基础、防治兼顾。天津市唐口街创新社会管理机制建立"群众诉求调处四级网格"的做法,为疏导和化解基层冲突纠纷提供了有益启示。     

Coaching von Doppelspitzen — Wann sind Formen von Mediation zu integrieren?

Coaching with double-top: In which cases mediation is to be integrated?The author discusses coaching in a special management setting, the double-top. She shows, that this double-top is usual in several organizational milieus, but that this involves a considerable potential of conflicts on the individual, interactional and systemic level. Therefore, many double-tops consult a coach. If the conflicts have reached a higher level of escalation, the coach should use concepts of mediation beyond the traditional forms of consulting.