Legal families and environmental protection: Is there a causal relationship?

In this paper we build on the analysis of La Porta et al. [La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1998). Law and finance. Journal of Political Economy, 106(6), 1113–1155], to investigate the importance of legal families in explaining the dissimilar levels of environmental quality indicators among countries with different legal systems. The main intuition behind our analysis is that the nations in which the rights of shareholders are more protected promote real and financial investment; this increases the speed at which the per capita income corresponding to the declining branch of the Environmental Kutznets Curve (EKC) is achieved. In econometrics different regressions analyses were performed, using as dependent variables three different kinds of pollutants (CO₂, fine suspended particulates and waste), and including as an explanation some financial variables never before considered in this kind of study.     

西晋士族的婚姻网络与交游活动——以太原士族为中心的考察

汉魏时期就为士族大姓的太原王氏宗族在西晋时期达到巅峰,由地方大姓上升为全国性的巨姓强宗,其中婚姻交结和士族间交游起了至关重要的作用,并因此形成了典型的交游网络。从太原士族这个缩影也可以洞察西晋时期整个士族阶层的发展动向:婚姻是士族交往的主要方式,士族的通婚范围随着时代的推移产生微妙而深远的变化,婚姻选择层面突破了同郡同州的地域限制,甚至扩展到皇族,显示出士族通过通婚实现权力伸张的政治诉求和获得更高社会地位的利益追求。西晋时期士族的交游方式也呈现多样化、网络化趋势;同郡士人点题扶持、评论之风不减汉末清议;同郡甚至同宗士族之间不只相互合作,同时相互斗争;士人交游活动的范围扩大,甚至打破了民族限制,反映了当时政治生态的复杂性和社会关系的网络化。     

福建医科大学家庭经济困难学生资助工作调查

为了解“资助意见”和“认定意见”实施后高校家庭经济困难学生的资助现状,进行了整群抽样调查。结果显示,现阶段的资助体系能满足大部分家庭经济困难学生需要,受资助满意度较高。但资助也存在着认定标准“不准”、资助资源缺乏整合、忽视动态变化等问题。针对存在问题,提出了斟酌标准、整合资源、关注满意度影响因素和注重家庭经济困难学生动态变化等意见。     

东晋南朝时期襄阳豪族集团的社会特征

襄阳地区的武力豪族是支撑南朝宋、齐、梁三代的重要军事力量,主要由来自秦陇、河洛地区的侨寓士族和汉水流域的土著豪族组成。他们能在南朝政局中发挥作用的原因固然很多,但关键在于其在襄阳地区形成了宗族—乡里式的共同体社会结构。襄阳豪族积聚部曲,把持地方政权,以宗族为纽带,重视血亲关系。在经济上,他们经营土地,参与商业活动,具有相当的经济实力。这种特殊的社会组织结构和基础,造就了襄阳豪族的军政品格和命运。     

浅谈“少子化”对日本社会的影响及其对我国的启示

伴随日本社会经济的飞速发展,“少子化”现象也日益加剧,这对日本社会的各个层面都产生了深远的影响。本文通过对这些影响和日本政府应对“少子化”措施的分析,指出其对于我国的警示及借鉴意义。     

徽州世家大族促进宗族和谐和发展的措施

以朱子学为宗的徽州世家大族为了促进宗族和谐和宗族发展,在16方面采取了重要措施:1.敦伦孝悌,2.增进亲情,3.救灾济贫,4.扶孤恤寡,5.提倡节俭,6.管教游闲,7.反对争讼,8.禁止迷信,9.打击赌博,10.防范盗窃,11.尊敬耆老,12.勤奋创业,13.彰善瘅恶,14.发展教育,15.和睦邻里,16.封山育林。因此,家庭成员之间、人与社会之间、人与自然之间一些矛盾缓和了,但是问题依然存在。徽州世家大族促进宗族和谐和宗族发展的一些措施,不仅产生了一定社会历史作用,具有一定社会历史价值,而且还或多或少具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Child‐centric or family focused? A study of child welfare workers' perceptions of ethnic minority children in England and Norway

This paper analyses child welfare workers' perceptions of ethnic minority children in England and Norway based on in‐depth interviews with 52 child welfare workers in 2008. We employ a child‐centric theoretical framework to explore up to what extent workers focus on minority children in their perceptions. We found that about half of our study participants (n= 27) did so, and many more in Norway than England. They perceived many risks and problems for minority children related to their ethnicity, including children's biculturalism and language skills, parenting methods, unequal treatment and racism, lack of social inclusion, and problems in school. Norwegian workers displayed a broad needs perception and embraced a change‐orientated perspective and held parents accountable for their children's educational success and social inclusion. English workers had a narrower approach, focusing on protecting children. We discuss how the cross‐country differences may be related to different welfare state and child welfare paradigms.     

The Integrated Children's System and disabled children

The Integrated Children's System (ICS) is premised on a single approach to assessment/review, ideally providing a more coherent, comprehensive and efficient system of electronic information recording and sharing among different groups of practitioners. Despite its holistic aims for all children in need, questions have been raised about the use of ICS with certain groups of children, especially those who do not follow normative patterns, such as disabled children. This paper explores the introduction of ICS with disabled children and their families within four pilot authorities in England and Wales. Drawing on interviews and questionnaires with 16 social workers and 22 families experiencing assessment/reviews under the new ICS, this paper suggests that important questions and concerns regarding the appropriateness and usefulness for disabled children of the ICS remain, especially the use of 'standardized' exemplars. Five disability-specific areas of concern are identified, and their implications are considered.     

The Contemporary Family in Poland: New Trends and Phenomena

At the beginning of the 21st century, Poland can still be examined in the context of a political and economic transformation. The building of democracy and the intentional, ongoing reshaping of the Polish economy in the direction of a market economy are exerting significant influences on a wide range of issues that are affecting contemporary life. This article examines how these changes have affected women, men, and children as members of contemporary families. The article places the transformation to a market economy and to democracy within the context of the historical economic and social forces that have affected all modern states and concludes with a discussion of the potential short and long run impact of Polands entry in the European Union.     

宋代昭德晁氏家族婚姻研究

宋代昭德晁氏家族婚姻的特点一方面具有地域性的因素,另一方面又和当时的一些著名大家族联姻,这对于晁氏家族的发展起到了良好的作用。同时,由于晁氏家族自身良好的文化素养,也对与其联姻的家族产生了重要影响。最终,这些家族形成了一个婚宦交游圈,成为当时社会文化发展与传承的重要力量。