内外合力中的国民政府首都建设经费筹措（1927-1930）

国民政府定都南京,开启首都建设,但南京市财政困境无法提供充足经费。在国民政府和南京市府的双向合作中,首都建设经费借助“外力”:索取中央与江苏省资助,要求地方分担经费;发挥“内功”:整顿市产与车捐,发行建设公债。在内外合力之下,“国政”与“市政”相融合,“党国”权力渗透进首都建设,经费筹集取得一定效果。国民政府首都建设初期的经费筹措充分反映了新生政权的自我权威构建。     

西南联大学生智性生活寻绎

西南联大学生智性生活的丰盈从根本上来说源于学生炽热的救亡热情对求知热望的驱动,再加上联大教师所构建的探究性教学的理性触发与联大教师在同事的课堂上听课时所展现出来的求知热诚的感染,师生之间亲密关系的支撑,使得联大学生的智性生活在课堂上的精神畅享、自主的阅读空间中的沉迷、与教师进行的智性游谈、和同学展开的激烈论辩中,展现出丰富多彩、充满活力的风姿。学生如此丰盈的智性生活,不但在悄然间形成了自己独特的“智性趣味”,还养成了其难能可贵的爱智品格。联大学生在学生时代便具有的这些生命品性,成为其走上不倦的探索之路,不断开辟新的学术疆域的坚实基础。     

基于分位回归的国家形象影响因素分析

国家形象是国家软硬实力的综合体现,对于一国在国际舞台的表现有着重要影响。现实中存在许多影响国家形象的因素。本文从国际竞争力的概念和数据出发,通过对世界主要国家和地区的国家形象的影响因素做出实证分析研究。利用洛桑国际管理发展学院（IMD）的国际竞争力数据库中关于国家形象指标的数据,我们采用分位回归方法,以揭示造成不同国家形象水平的客观影响因素,并与普通最小二乘回归结果进行对比,从而得到更全面的信息,为提高我国的国家形象提供实证依据。     

中国县级政府税收竞争研究

税收竞争是地方政府财政竞争的常见方式。为吸引税基,放松税收征管力度是其主要表现形式。理论模型表明地方政府不同策略行为取决于相对税率的权衡;政府间不同的资本税率弹性导致了实际税率的分化。利用空间计量方法分析了中国县级政府的税收竞争行为,发现相邻县存在显著的策略互补(税收模仿);异质性政府税率存在差异,贫穷县的实际税率要高于富裕县。纠正扭曲的税收征管策略和提升市场保护激励是未来改革关键。     

清末查禁《新小说》的原因与效果探析

1903-1905年间,清政府对《新小说》进行了多次查禁,其主要原因是害怕《新小说》传播新思想危及统治,另外也包含有戊戌政变后坚持打压“康党”的政治斗争因素。由于清政府不能控制《新小说》的流通渠道、禁令形同具文以及《新小说》适合时势的内容形式,清政府查禁《新小说》之效果如抱薪救火,反而扩大了《新小说》的传播和影响,一定程度上为《新小说》的传播和小说界革命的兴起与发展加入了一把推力。清末查禁《新小说》的效果是近代书报检查史上一个欲抑反扬的显例。     

Support for torture over time: Interrogating the American public about coercive tactics

In this study, we examine what influences public attitudes toward torture and whether the public's attitude affects or is affected by shifts in presidential policy on torture. We employed ten surveys over five years that looked at approval of torture, as well as two surveys that asked questions about specific methods. We find that public support for torture has risen mildly, but a resilient ambivalence best describes the public's attitude. The public was not affected by the change in government from an administration that strongly supported enhanced interrogation techniques to one that opposed them, and labeled them torture. Public opinion also seemed unaffected by the increased criticism of torture generally. Large majorities oppose most specific methods of interrogation, while at times a majority supports torture in general. We also find support for torture and specific methods is affected most strongly by partisanship and ideology.     

北洋时期京直地区旗地庄头考述

庄头,是伴随清朝旗地产生而出现的一类特殊群体。辛亥革命后,随着满人的失势,他们一改之前对于满洲贵族完全依附的特性,大多利用自己多年经租的经验霸租甚至侵占旗地。对于北洋政府逐渐开展的旗地清理,庄头最初极力反对,但当其最终不得不屈从时,又依然能利用自己对于旗地地亩册的掌控达到夺取佃户留置资格而自己留买的目的。     

国内“高考移民”原因研究述评

本文在对"高考移民"的含义和类型进行概述的基础上,回顾了已有研究对"高考移民"原因的探讨,将其总结为中国传统文化观念的影响、地方政府及学校对经济利益的追求、各省市不同的高考录取分数线等七个方面。本文从学科研究的视角评述了已有"高考移民"原因的研究,并指出其存在的不足及未来研究的方向。     

Perceptions of Civil Servants Toward Privatization and Development: A New Exploratory Study

This study examines the perceptions of civil servants towards privatization with respect to national development. Using case studies and official interview data, it also examines the efficacy and effectiveness of privatization programs in a developing country, Bangladesh. The study rejects the conventional beliefs about the role of bureaucracies as anti-privatization by revealing that civil servants of Bangladesh have positive perceptions towards privatization with respect to national development. The study, however, finds no significant differences in the perceptions of different levels of civil servants towards privatization with respect to national development; they all share a common goal. Research demonstrates that civil servants generally believe that privatization positively affects economic, social, political and administrative development, although it negatively affects equity, fairness and social justice issues by widening the gap between the rich and the poor. Additionally, the study demonstrates that privatization is not conducive to employee empowerment.

Government Governance (GG) and Inter-Ministerial Policy Coordination (IMPC) in Eastern and Central Europe and Central Asia

This paper focuses on the function of Inter-ministerial Policy Coordination (IMPC) and its critical role in governance. Following a definitional section, the authors give an overview of public sector governance in Eastern and Central Europe and Central Asia and discuss the application of governance principles to Inter-Ministerial Policy Coordination in these regions. They conclude with specific examples from the Republic of Macedonia and Central Asia.