论我国高等教育运行机制的过渡与转换

本文认为,我国现阶段的高教运行机制正处于过渡与转换的初始阶段,机制转换的完成需要经历一个较长的过渡时期.为了顺利平稳地完成机制转换,必须构建相应的过渡性目标模式,以此作为从适应产品经济到适应有计划的商品经济的高教运行机制模式转换的中介。因此,今后—个时期高教改革的基本思路就不应只朝一个方向努力,而应以国家职能转变为契机,在国家、社会和学校三方面同时展开,并辅之于教育市场的不断培育和竞争机制的逐步加强。     

项目风险分析与管理

本文在分析比较传统风险分析方法的基础上,提出了一个更为有效的风险分析方法,即“交叉分析-蒙特卡罗模拟”综合模型。并利用此模型对H集团的某技改投资项目进行了案例分析。在此基础上,提出了建立项目风险防范预警系统的风险管理模式。     

INSIGHTS ON SERVICE SYSTEM DESIGN FROM A NORMAL APPROXIMATION TO ERLANG'S DELAY FORMULA

We show how a simple normal approximation to Erlang's delay formula can be used to analyze capacity and staffing problems in service systems that can be modeled as M/M/s queues. The numbers of servers, s, needed in an M/M/s queueing system to assure a probability of delay of, at most, p can be well approximated by s ≅ p + z_***I-p+, where z_1-p, is the (1 - p)th percentile of the standard normal distribution and ρ, the presented load on the system, is the ratio of Λ, the customer arrival rate, to μ, the service rate. We examine the accuracy of this approximation over a set of parameters typical of service operations ranging from police patrol, through telemarketing to automatic teller machines, and we demonstrate that it tends to slightly underestimate the number of servers actually needed to hit the delay probability target—adding one server to the number suggested by the above formula typically gives the exact result. More importantly, the structure of the approximation promotes operational insight by explicitly linking the number of servers with server utilization and the customer service level. Using a scenario based on an actual teleservicing operation, we show how operations managers and designers can quickly obtain insights about the trade-offs between system size, system utilization and customer service. We argue that this little used approach deserves a prominent role in the operations analyst's and operations manager's toolbags.     

股份制改革是增强国营企业活力创造“深圳效益”的重要途径

本文分析了深圳特区前10年经济高速发展和经济效益滞后的矛盾,认为特区国营企业经济效益不高是影响特区经济效益严重滞后的主要原因之一。在此基础上,提出深圳特区要在90年代创造出“深圳效益”,必须在已取得的改革成果的基础上,加快国营企业股份制改革的进程。文章还从股份制改革的理论和实践两个方面阐述了特区国营企业股份制改革的可行性和必要性。     

A methodological strategy for a one-number census in the UK

As a result of lessons learnt from the 1991 census, a research programme was set up to seek improvements in census methodology. Underenumeration has been placed top of the agenda in this programme, and every effort is being made to achieve as high a coverage as possible in the 2001 census. In recognition, however, that 100% coverage will never be achieved, the one-number census (ONC) project was established to measure the degree of underenumeration in the 2001 census and, if possible, to adjust fully the outputs from the census for that undercount. A key component of this adjustment process is a census coverage survey (CCS). This paper presents an overview of the ONC project, focusing on the design and analysis methodology for the CCS. It also presents results that allow the reader to evaluate the robustness of this methodology.     

譜分析和滤波兼容的模拟系統

本文利用序列的双重性原理对移动傅立叶变换作了深入的研究.根据频率采样理论,将模拟系统的传递函数H(ω)分解为若干子系统之和,并画出其结构框图,这个系统可以用来测量模拟信号的移动离散谱,也可用作低通、带通或梳状滤波器.最后还给出实现该系统的具体方框图.     

怎样評价一个专家系统

本文首先介绍了专家系统,然后着重介绍了国外评价专家系统的准则。它包括基本特性的估计、开发环境、学习和使用性、成本以及怎样得到支持等,最后将举例说明怎样用这些准则来评价一个实际的专家系统。     

塑料注射机节能问题的研究与探讨

本文针对 XS—ZY—125型塑料注射成型机,分析了现行通用的双联泵供油液压系统耗能大的原因。介绍了压力流量补偿负荷传感液压系统在注射机上应用的基本原理。通过应用上述两种液压系统分别驱动同一台注射机的生产运行对比试验和能耗测试分析,证明压力流量补偿负荷传感液压系统具有十分显著的节能效果。通过经济效益估算分析,指出进一步开发压力流量补偿负荷传感液压系统在注射机上的应用,不仅具有十分显著的经济效益,而且具有很大的社会效益。     

水力发电企业整体效益评价及实例

针对水力发电企业的整体经济效益难以进行评价的问题,提出了以灰色关联度技术为支撑,选择数量模型评价方法,应用层次分析法的有关技术和思想,建立起具有可操作性的评价模型及评价体系。     

《世界经济地理》教材编写体系研究

本文从理论上探讨世界经济地理研究的依据和体系,指出现行教材编写存在的问题,提出编写的新建议。认为世界经济地理侧重研究经济区→经济地域→经济地域系统及其运动规律,认为存在世界和国家级区域级别差异。为此,本文认为教材编写时要强调条件要素要与经济地域和经济地域系统形成发展过程一起进行论述,要突出研究对象的等级层次关系,突出城市或城市群的地位与作用,并要加强国家经济国际化进程对经济地域形成发展的影响作用。