On algorithmic construction of maximin distance designs

Maximin distance designs are useful for conducting expensive computer experiments. In this article, we compare some global optimization algorithms for constructing such designs. We also introduce several related space-filling designs, including nested maximin distance designs, sliced maximin distance designs, and general maximin distance designs with better projection properties. These designs possess more flexible structures than their analogs in the literature. Examples of these designs constructed by the algorithms are presented.     

Outliers in incomplete multiresponse experiments

Identification of outlier vectors in block designs for incomplete multiresponse experiments has been considered. Design is composed of two sets of experimental units. Different numbers of response variables are observed from these two sets. Cook-statistic has been developed for identification of outliers. The developed statistic has been illustrated with a real-life data set. It has been shown that presence of outliers can distort the overall conclusion from an experiment.     

Women’s attitudes towards the medicalization of childbirth and their associations with planned and actual modes of birth

Problem

Rates of medical interventions in childbirth have greatly increased in the Western world.

Rank and response: A field experiment on peer information and water use behavior

Perception of peer rank, or how we perform relative to our peers, can be a powerful motivator. While research exists on the effect of social information on decision making, there is less work on how ranked comparisons with our peers influence our behavior. This paper outlines a field experiment conducted with 3896 households in Castro Valley, California, which uses household mailers with various forms of social information and peer rank messaging to motivate water conservation. The experiment tests the effect of a visible peer rank on water use, and how the competitive framing of rank information influences behavioral response. The results show that households with relatively low or high water use in the pre-treatment period responded differently to how rank information was framed. I find that a neutrally-framed peer rank caused a small “boomerang effect” (i.e., an increase in average water use) for low water use households, but this effect was eliminated by competitive framing. At the same time, a competitively-framed peer rank demotivated high water use households, increasing their average water use over the full period of the experiment. This result is supported by evidence that the competitive frame on rank information increased water use for households who ranked “last” in the peer group – a detrimental “last place effect” from competitively-framed rankings.     

保持共产党员先进性教育活动成功经验和哲学思考

在全党开展以实践“三个代表”重要思想为主要内容的保持共产党员先进性教育活动,取得了宝贵而丰富的成功经验。保持党的先进性,加强党的先进性建设,必须同加强党的执政能力建设结合起来;必须坚持马克思主义不动摇,以“三个代表”重要思想为指导,以实践“三个代表”重要思想为核心;坚持把经常性教育与适当的集中教育结合起来;坚持以正面教育与自我教育为主;坚持区别情况,分类指导原则;坚持走群众路线,自觉接受群众监督;坚持把制度建设放在重要位置。这些经验充分体现了马克思主义辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义观点,体现了马克思主义与时俱进品质。     

跨通路实验模式的视觉失匹配负波研究

采用视听觉的跨通路刺激实验模式,通过对ERP实验数据的分析发现:在非注意条件下,顶叶和颞叶的负电位波形不规则,且一致性差;而额叶及枕叶(接近视觉初级投射区)均出现了较明显的视觉早期偏差相关负成分,其潜伏期范围在140～170ms之间,存在通道特异性,与听觉MMN类似。据此得出:视觉早期偏差相关负成分应该是由视觉通路痕迹产生的视觉MMN;视觉早期偏差相关负成分的源有两个,一个位于额叶,另一个位于初级视皮层所在的枕叶处。     

个体决策非理性行为的实验验证

前景理论对基于个体理性的期望效用最大化决策原则提出了批判,该理论认为,不确定性条件下的个体决策存在框架效应、参考点和确定性效应等非理性行为。对120名大学生实验参加者进行了实验室实验,实验结果表明,不确定性条件下的个体决策存在风险态度的差异,这种差异表明个体的决策过程并不单纯是由期望效用所驱使,还受多种心理因素的影响,实验结果验证了个体决策过程中框架效应、参考点和确定性效应等非理性心理特征的存在。     

数字电子技术课程教学探讨

从理论、实验、课程设计三方面对“数字电子技术”课程的教学进行探讨：加强学生系统概念和综合分析能力,将理论和实践结合起来,用理论指导实验;将课程设计视为对理论课程的补充、综合与提高,培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。     

应用型大学《大学计算机基础》实验教学探索

针对目前应用型大学关于《大学计算机基础》教学存在的一些问题,提出了基于建构主义教学理论的双主四步教学模式,即采用分配实验任务、分组分层协作学习、交流讨论、归纳总结的实验教学步骤,突出了教师的主导地位和学生的主体地位.     

基于多指标正交试验设计的SLS快速成型工艺参数优化

为提高SLS成型系统堆积方向微细结构的制作质量,以过度烧结深度、烧结密度和Z向尺寸偏差为优化指标,采用多指标的正交试验设计方法,通过极差分析法,讨论激光功率、预热温度、激光扫描速度、分层厚度等成型工艺参数对试件质量的影响,利用综合平衡法确定了最优工艺参数组合。试验结果表明：激光功率选取16 W,预热温度选取98℃,激光扫描速度选取3 m/s,分层厚度选取0.15 mm时,试件的制作质量为最优。试验结果有助于SLS快速成型系统提高堆积方向微细结构的制作质量。