社会发展道德成本论

本文从分析人类行为产生的利益基础和道德的经济特性入手,论证了社会发展中道德成本的存在和实施道德优化调控的必要与可能。并通过对社会政治、经济、生活的道德成本问题进行分析,指出道德成本优化要通过唤起道德自觉、完善保障条件、营造道德氛围等途径完成。     

江苏沿海城市人居环境质量评价——以盐城市为例

城市人居环境质量评价是判断城市是否宜居、能否可持续发展的关键依据。随着江苏沿海开发战略的深入实施,盐城市在经济社会、城市建设等方面发生了翻天覆地的变化,盐城市的人居环境质量水平也逐年提高。从经济发展水平、社会生活水平和生态环境三个层面,对2007～2011年盐城市人居环境质量数据进行加权和计算,结果显示：沿海开发战略实施初期盐城市人居环境质量处于相对低的水平,经济、社会和生态环境的发展欠协调,人居环境在改善过程中呈现波动起伏j但总体发展趋势良好。     

Pricing decisions in a multi-criteria setting for product recovery facilities

Unpredictability in the arrival time and quantity of discarded products at product recovery facilities (PRFs) and varying demand for recovered components contribute to the volatility in their inventory levels. Achieving profit under such capricious inventory levels and stringent environmental legislations remains a challenge to many PRFs. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision model to determine a pricing policy that can simultaneously address two issues: stabilize inventory fluctuations and boost profits. The model considers that PRFs passively accepts discarded products as well as acquires them proactively if necessary. Under a multi-criteria setting, the current work determines prices of reusable and recyclable components to maximize revenue and minimize product recovery costs. A genetic algorithm is employed to solve the multi-criteria decision making problem. Sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effect of sorting yield, disassembly yield, and reusable component yield on the profits, prices, inventory levels, and disposal quantities.     

从认知心理学角度论许渊冲诗词翻译“优化论”

翻译是一种心理认知和信息加工过程。译者翻译时的认知心理过程会直接影响到译文读者的理解和感受,从认知心理学角度分析了许渊冲先生诗词翻译＂优化论＂的＂三美＂、＂三化＂和＂三之＂的认知心理体现,指出认知心理学是＂优化论＂的理论基础。     

Optimal Pricing Strategies for Capacity Leasing Based on Time and Volume Usage in Telecommunication Networks

In this study, we examined optimal pricing strategies for “pay‐per‐time,” “pay‐per‐volume,” and “pay‐per‐both‐time‐and‐volume” based leasing of data networks in a monopoly environment. Conventionally, network capacity distribution includes short‐/long‐term bandwidth and/or usage time leasing. When customers choose connection‐time–based pricing, their rational behavior is to fully utilize the bandwidth capacity within a fixed time period, which may cause the network to burst (or overload). Conversely, when customers choose volume‐based strategies their rational behavior is to send only the minimum bytes necessary (even for time‐fixed tasks for real time applications), causing the quality of the task to decrease, which in turn creates an opportunity cost for the provider. Choosing a pay‐per time and volume hybridized pricing scheme allows customers to take advantage of both pricing strategies while lessening the disadvantages of each, because consumers generally have both time‐ and size‐fixed tasks such as batch data transactions. One of the key contributions of this study is to show that pay‐per both time and volume pricing is a viable and often preferable alternative to the offerings based on only time or volume, and that judicious use of such a pricing policy is profitable to the network provider.     

中小学教育继续教育工程的系统优化

本文将中小学教师继续教育工作视作一个系统工程,针对目前系统工程运行的现状,提出了对该工程从目标、内容、结构、多极、逆向等几个方面进行全方位优化的设想.     

The empirical analysis of the -bilateral optimized combinatorial auction model

This study proposes a new and highly efficient dynamic combinatorial auction mechanism—the N-bilateral optimized combinatorial auction (N-BOCA). N-BOCA is a flexible iterative combinatorial auction model that offers more optimized trading for multiple suppliers and purchasers in the supply chain than one-sided combinatorial auction. We design the N-BOCA model from the perspectives of market architecture, trading rules, and decision strategy for winner determination, the decision strategy for winner determination needs flexible optimization modeling capability. Thus rule-based reasoning was applied for reflecting the flexible decision strategies. We also show the viability of N-BOCA through Paired Samples T-test experimentation. It shows that N-BOCA yields higher purchase efficiency and effectiveness than the one-auctioneer to multi-bidders (1-to-N) combinatorial auction mechanism.     

我国外汇储备:效用最优化及其运用策略

截至2006年9月,我国外汇储备余额为9879亿美元,距万亿美元仅一步之遥,且仍以每月数百亿的速度增长。如何看待和管理高额外汇储备?学术界争锋甚烈,但细察争议,大多“打转”在诸如储汇规模、引汇来源(引资与创汇)和持汇结构等单一层面,既未切换到外汇储备的运用策略(包括间接用汇与直接用汇)层面,更未上升到储汇效用最优化这一全新视角去分析。笔者认为,在我国成为全球最大外汇储备国的背景下,亟需就储汇效用最大化问题展开深入研究;虽然目前对此问题的研究尚属初期,但其指向却相当分明:所谓储汇效用最优化,是指融储汇规模、引汇来源、持汇结构、用汇去向于一体的反复优化的选择行为或动态协调的平衡过程。     

高等教育布局结构优化的理论前提

作为经济社会发展的重要助推力量,高等教育布局结构优化的影响因素是多维的,主要包括国家战略、区域经济、社会文化、人口结构以及地理空间等等.科学预设高等教育布局结构优化的应然目标,需要正视布局结构优化的目标限度,并重点从"社会满足度"和"个体满足度"两个方面予以考量.实施高等教育布局结构的优化,需要甄选多向度的优化理路,实...     

资源均衡分配的最优化几何方法

资源均衡分配是一类重要的优化问题。本文通过引进0—1变量,将其转化为一个0—1型整数规划问题而构成数学模型。同时设计一种直观简便的几何方法来获得最优解。此法不但能编成程序上机计算,而且对于较大规模的课题亦是实用的人工方法。本法的主要思路是从初始峰值曲线与初始横道图出发,逐次迭代调整而得最优解。