Stillbirth in Australia 1: The road to now: Two decades of stillbirth research and advocacy in Australia

Stillbirth is a major public health problem with an enormous mortality burden and psychosocial impact on parents, families and the wider community both globally and in Australia. In 2015, Australia’s late gestation stillbirth rate was over 30% higher than that of the best-performing countries globally, highlighting the urgent need for action. We present an overview of the foundations which led to the establishment of Australia’s NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth (Stillbirth CRE) in 2017 and highlight key activities in the following areas: Opportunities to expand and improve collaborations between research teams; Supporting the conduct and development of innovative, high quality, collaborative research that incorporates a strong parent voice; Promoting effective translation of research into health policy and/or practice; and the Regional and global work of the Stillbirth CRE. We highlight the first-ever Senate Inquiry into Stillbirth in Australia in 2018. These events ultimately led to the development of a National Stillbirth Action and Implementation Plan for Australia with the aims of reducing stillbirth rates by 20% over the next five years, reducing the disparity in stillbirth rates between advantaged and disadvantaged communities, and improving care for all families who experience this loss.     

Acquisition of Telecommunications Bandwidth Under Economies of Scale in Size and Duration of Contracts*

Significant advances in information technology have brought about increased demand for bandwidth. Buyers of bandwidth often encounter bandwidth prices that are decreasing over time. Additionally, bandwidth prices at any point in time are decreasing in total bandwidth purchased and length of contracts. Therefore, buyers face complex decisions in terms of the number of contracts to buy, their bandwidth, and their lengths. In this article, we formulate models for the acquisition of bandwidth from a buyer's perspective. We begin with a model that allows varying contract durations under deterministic demand and without allowing shortages or overlapping contracts. We then formulate a simpler model, which restricts contract lengths over the planning horizon to be equal. We also solve the problem under probabilistic demand and allowing for shortages, which are satisfied by buying additional bandwidth at a premium. We perform numerical sensitivity analysis to compare the results of the models and illustrate the results with numerical examples. The numerical analyses illustrate that using relatively simple equal‐length contracts produces approximately the same results as the more complicated unequal‐length contract strategy.     

政策及经济环境对企业投资决策方法选择的影响

本文使用结构方程方法,基于问卷调查结果,对政策和经济环境变化对于企业投资决策方法选择的影响进行了研究。研究结果表明,政策环境对企业投资决策方法有影响,在政策因素变化条件下,上市公司回避使用净现值方法;经济环境对于企业投资决策方法影响不大,论文分析结果没有表现出经济因素是否变化对投资决策方法选择有明显影响。     

Impacts of government high-tech policy: a case study of CAD technology in China

Rapid growth of technology innovations promotes governments world-wide to actively explore the best way to realize its economic benefits. Likewise, Chinese government has positioned advances of high technology a driving-force to continued economic achievements, and launched various high-tech policies. This case study focuses on computer-aided design (CAD), a key field under policy support, discloses policy’s critical role. Interview/survey data from corporate and academic leaders were also collected and synthesized. The emergence of university–industry collaboration, capitalizing university intellectual property, and new modes in CAD innovation and technology diffusion are among those major findings. A Model is also proposed. The study provides new observations for debates to high-tech policy-makers and can benefit scholars and business managers seeking to understand the environment in China, and serve as a foundation for further policy and management research.     

Bayesian model comparison via parallel model output

Bayesian estimation via MCMC methods opens up new possibilities in estimating complex models. However, there is still considerable debate about how selection among a set of candidate models, or averaging over closely competing models, might be undertaken. This article considers simple approaches for model averaging and choice using predictive and likelihood criteria and associated model weights on the basis of output for models that run in parallel. The operation of such procedures is illustrated with real data sets and a linear regression with simulated data where the true model is known.     

全球化背景中跨国公司的语言策略研究

全球化打破了传统地域对社会文化结构的限制,使人们对现实生活中的物象产生了新的认识,无疑也让人们对跨国公司及国际商务英语产生了新的深刻的认识。跨国公司有怎样的语言认识、选择怎样的语言对其经营文化起着重要作用,进而会影响到其商业的成果,所以跨国公司的语言策略对跨国公司的发展同样是一个不可忽视的问题。     

湘南山区“边缘村庄”搬迁政策研究

湘南山区＂边缘村庄＂数量多、人口多,工作量大,任务紧迫,但缺失统一的规范性文件来指导搬迁工作。现今的搬迁现状令人堪忧,制定一套符合科学发展观要求的搬迁政策迫在眉睫。未来政策应考虑目前的现状、农户困难,体现自愿与强制相结合、统一规划与因地制宜相结合、现实性与前瞻性相结合、分类搬迁与标准统一原则、公开公平公正的原则,具体包含国土、林业、民政、教育、医疗、电力等一系列的扶持措施。另外,工作人员的权力、义务和责任、纠纷协调和权益救济渠道是搬迁工作的法律保障利器。     

政策方案可行性研究的逻辑与程序

政策方案的可行性研究在整个政策分析中占据着极为重要的地位,其最终成果直接决定公共决策的质量和政策执行的效果。政策方案可行性研究是一个科学研究和科学发现的过程,这一过程是由逻辑可行性研究、现实可行性研究以及政策方案择优和完善三个环节组成的。只有严格遵循科学化、规范化的程序和步骤,才能避免荒诞或不可行的政策方案的出台,政策分析的核心使命才可能得以实现,其科学地位也才可能得以提升。     

论案例指导制度中检察机关的职能定位

从法理上分析,检察机关介入案例指导程序,是其审判监督权的必然延伸。并不必然对司法独立构成侵害,相反,它有利于司法机关更好地发挥案例指导制度的作用。在当前我国司法体制下,检察机关介入案例指导程序,行使其司法监督权的途径主要包括参与最高人民法院关于指导性案例的讨论、对指导性案例评选活动是否公正、合法实行法律监督以及对法官运用指导性案例的行为进行监督等。