全球视角下植物新品种保护对我国种子出口贸易的影响分析

基于2000—2009年我国种子出口面板数据,采用面板数据模型分析我国主要种子出口国植物新品种保护实施及我国植物新品种保护效果对其进口我国种子数额的影响.实证分析结果表明,种子进口国加入UPOV公约的1978Act和1991Act均对我国种子出口产生显著的抑制作用;但种子进口国拥有的有效力的品种权数量对我国种子出口的影响不显著;此外,我国拥有的有效力的品种权数量对种子出口产生积极的促进作用.     

明末金陵套印版画编年研究

在学界已有研究的基础上,使用国内外近期新资料,对明末金陵套印版画进行比较研究。明末金陵套印版画亦可从专著和专题进行讨论,并在大量文献资料中体例亮点。本研究有助于理清明末金陵套印版画的发展序列以及演变轨迹。     

种子吸胀冷害与膜脂过氧化作用

以大豆和豌豆种子为材料，研究了低温吸胀（5℃）对种子细胞内几种保护酶活性以及两种有害物质含量消长的影响。结果表明，抗冷性较强的豌豆种子于5℃吸胀后转入25℃萌发期间，SOD、POD和CAT3种酶活性恢复提高较快；MDA和H2O2积累量少；冷敏感的大豆种子上述3种酶活性提高缓慢，MDA和H2O2均有一定积累。种子吸胀冷害与膜脂过氧化酶促防御系统功能减弱有关。     

几种化学物质对杂交水稻种子活力及幼苗生长的影响

用氯化钾、抗坏血酸和甘氨酸水溶液浸泡处理杂交水稻种子,均能不同程度地提高种子活力,促进幼苗生长。具体表现在经处理后种子浸出液中电解质外渗量减少;发芽率、发茅势、苗高、活力指数、植株干物质积累量及叶绿素含量等多项生理指标增高。其中以氯化钾处理效果最佳。其生理生化效应可能主要在于:协调和改善了种子内部的生理代谢过程,促进了被损伤细胞膜结构的修复;提高了物质转化速率;增强了幼苗的光合同化能力。     

The effects of urbanization on ant communities and myrmecochory in Manitoba,Canada

With the increase in urbanization globally, there is an increased need to understand the ecology of forest fragments in urban and urbanizing landscapes. Although urban forests are known to be relatively lacking in plants whose seeds are dispersed by ants, little is known about the effects of urbanization on the community composition and behaviour of forest dwelling ants. Ant communities in forest fragments along an urban–rural gradient were described using a rapid quadrat search technique and multivariate analysis. Interactions between the ants and seeds of the myrmecochorous Viola pubescens within a subset of these forests were described using a series of cafeteria experiments. Urbanization was found to be associated with changes in microhabitat characteristics and a concomitant simplification of the ant community. Despite this, the removal rate of V. pubescens seeds actually increased in urban forests, which may be a result of the foraging behaviour of the remaining species.

Queering the Word: Patricia Nell Warren's Adaptation of Christian Sacraments in The Fancy Dancer

The essay explores the ways in which Patricia Nell Warren's The Fancy Dancer (1976) employs Roman Catholic sacraments to depict the developing sexuality of a young gay priest. The essay explores the parallels between sacramental spiritual development and the individual and communal markers of a burgeoning gay or lesbian identity. Additionally, the novel's connections between conversion narratives and coming-out narratives are examined. The essay argues that Warren, in using the rhetoric, symbols, and models of the Church differently, disrupts the narrow epistemology underlying Christianity. Finally, novels such as Warren's suggest that gay and lesbian authors can adapt elements of Christianity while undermining its oppressive presumptions, and establishing a liberatory rhetoric that maintains the intelligibility and recognizability of familiar Christian models.     

我国种子产业发展现状及策略

随着《种子法》和“种子工程”的实施，我国种子产业得到了较快发展，为农业丰收、农村发展、农民增收作出了一定的贡献。但当前我国种子产业仍存在管理体制不完善，品种选育科技含量低，种子生产加工环节滞后等问题。种子产业要进一步发展，就必须改革和完善种子管理行政体制，加大科研攻关力度，发挥企业主导作用，而对种业实行倾斜扶持政策则是我国种子产业发展的关键。     

抗旱剂一号在川西北地区小麦上的应用研究

通过对抗旱剂一号在川西北地区小麦上拌种和在不同时间以不同剂量喷雾两方面研究,结果表明:拌种能增加小麦三叶期、五叶期的次生根数、根长及其地上部的鲜、干重,能减少无效分蘖数,提高上林率。抗旱剂一号拌种、分蘖期和孕穗期喷雾均能增加小麦的单穗绿叶数。拌种最佳剂量为50kg麦种200g,喷施的最佳时期和最佳剂量分为分蘖期,每公顷300g。拌种和喷施对产量均无显著影响、其优势主要在前期。     

Equality of endogamy: Statistical approaches

In research on assimilation through marriage or defining racial groups as castes or classes, it is important to be able to test the equality of endogamy of groups of differing sizes and sex ratios. A variety of proposed solutions all have major difficulties. Log-linear models constitute an improvement but still retain some undesirable properties, including an inability to deal with both the linear and quadratic dimensions of the relationship between group size and endogamy levels by focusing on one to the exclusion of the other. Moreover, in the context of studies of comparative analysis of racial groups it is handicapped by providing inconsistent results for uncollapsed categories when other groups are combined.We recommend instead the weighted least-squares methodology both to test for statistical significance of differences in endogamy and to rank racial or ethnic groups according to their degree of endogamy. This method incorporates both the linear and quadratic components influencing the diagonal frequencies in marriage studies. Linear effects (see Table 2) are stronger when endogamy is high, and quadratic effects (see Table 3) are stronger when endogamy is low, although in general both are present together. Furthermore, this approach permits separate calculation of endogamy levels by sex and provides a test to ascertain when separate statistics should be computed. It is relatively free from biases in terms of the amount of “extra credit” given smaller groups, and is invariant when categories are combined. Conditional kappa values can be utilized to judge whether a racial group was relatively closed or open (compared to other groups) and to analyze the impact of the structural characteristics of group size and sex ratio on endogamy.In one area log-linear models retain an advantage over GSK-based analyses. The former have been employed to examine patterns of intermarriage via the quasi-symmetry, quasi-independence, and other tests based on off-diagonal elements. So far no comparable method has appeared for analyzing the intermarriage or exogamy behavior using GSK. Applications of log-linear models have been less successful in dealing with endogamy or inmarriage patterns.The comparison of degrees of endogamy by the GSK approach is based on direct measurement of endogamy by racial groups, allowing for calculation of standard error figures for each group's endogamy value. The ability of the GSK method to accomplish the above—as well as provide kappas which are invariant under group collapsing, tests of equal endogamy (by sex if necessary), and a test of marginal homogeneity—may be unique.Our recommendation is that in future discussions, involving comparisons of endogamy among several populations, conditional kappas and their standard errors at the very least should be presented. The distinction between male-oriented, female-oriented, and balanced conditional kappas, as well as the use of formal tests of endogamy, homogeneity, and marginal homogeneity permits examination of important population issues. The broad applicability of these techniques derives from their provision of a basis for comparing endogamy levels, since they produce consistent results for unaggregated data regardless of how minor or intermediate groups are combined. Such analyses are fundamental for gaining a more basic insight as to whether social and cultural factors, legal discrimination, or the basic structural elements of group size and sex ratio have greater influence on assimilation or the degree of closure in racial groups in the Americas.     

几种冰草属植物种子萌发期及幼苗期抗旱性比较研究

本试验用聚乙二醇 (PEG - 60 0 0 )溶液 ,模拟干旱条件 ,分别于种子萌发期和幼苗期对冰草属几种植物进行胁迫处理 ,测定了不同胁迫梯度下种子萌发率、发芽损伤率、胚根 /胚芽比值、膜的相对透性、游离脯氨酸含量等指标 ,据此综合地评定四种冰草的抗旱性。试验结果表明 ,加拿大冰草抗旱性最强 ,其次是沙生冰草和西伯利亚冰草 ,扁穗冰草的抗旱性最差。