理工科大学生人格特征与防御机制的相关研究

目的:了解理工科大学生人格特征与防御机制的关系。方法:采用整群分层抽样、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)和防御方式问卷(DSQ)等方法进行测试。结果显示:理工科大学生的人格特征与其防御机制间存在着复杂的相互关系,不同性别、年级、专业方面存在一定的差异。     

对高校健美操选项课中培养学生创新能力的实验研究

高校体育选项课的开设 ,应以满足学生爱好、适合学生需求并能促进学生个性发展为目的。本实验以创造性教学理论为指导 ,根据学生个性发展的需要 ,把教学重点放在培养学生创新意识和创编能力上 ,设计并进行了“学生创编健美操教学模式”的研究。经过三学年共 4 2 8人的实验 ,本实验研究取得了良好的教学效果。 1998级、 1999级、 2 0 0 0级实验组学生的平均成绩均高于对照组 ,且呈显著性差异。研究结果表明 ,“学生创编健美操教学模式”更有助于提高学生学习健美操的能力和效率 ,对满足学生爱好、促进学生个性发展具有良好的作用 ,并为学生进行终身体育锻炼奠定了良好的基础。同时 ,无论是学生的学习兴趣、课堂气氛 ,还是掌握动作的速度及掌握动作的准确程度 ,实验组均优于对照组     

从网络语言的特征谈其价值和前景

通过对网络语言语体特征和特点的分析,阐述和解释当代社会语言中网络语言的价值和前景。     

ROBUST ESTIMATION UNDER TYPE II CENSORING

The properties of robust M-estimators with type II censored failure time data are considered. The optimal members within two classes of ψ-functions are characterized. The first optimality result is the censored data analogue of the optimality result described in Hampel et al. (1986); the estimators corresponding to the optimal members within this class are referred to as the optimal robust estimators. The second result pertains to a restricted class of ψ-functions which is the analogue of the class of ψ-functions considered in James (1986) for randomly censored data; the estimators corresponding to the optimal members within this restricted class are referred to as the optimal James-type estimators. We examine the usefulness of the two classes of ψ-functions and find that the breakdown point and efficiency of the optimal James-type estimators compare favourably with those of the corresponding optimal robust estimators. From the computational point of view, the optimal James-type ψ-functions are readily obtainable from the optimal ψ-functions in the uncensored case. The ψ-functions for the optimal robust estimators require a separate algorithm which is provided. A data set illustrates the optimal robust estimators for the parameters of the extreme value distribution.     

超脱与回归下的人生遨游——庄子自由思想对中国古代文艺的影响

庄子思想追求精神超脱、生命自由.它审视现实社会,探索宇宙根源,其超脱思想开了中国个性解放先河,促成文人个性化和文学作品的丰富性,使中国文人不断反省并超越自我;其"观于天地、回归自然"的思想影响到古代诗歌、绘画及书法各方面,从而使中国文学艺术呈现一种特有的自然之美.     

我国大陆地区与台湾地区普通高中语文德育比较

我国大陆地区与台湾地区普通高中语文德育的相似之处表现在继承中华民族的传统文化意识和培养学生的个性方面。两者相异之处在于大陆的语文素养整合了包括语文德育在内的宽广的人文素养的内容,特别强调文学作品的感染作用;台湾的"人文关怀"是"现代国民"的素养之一,更注重语文德育的践行,把语文德育与学生的生活联系在一起。     

Fisher Information in Type II Progressive Censored Samples

Recently, progressively Type II censored samples have attracted attention in the study and analysis of life-testing data. Here we propose an indirect approach for computing the Fisher information (FI) in progressively Type II censored samples that simplifies the calculations. Some recurrence relations for the FI in progressively Type II censored samples are derived that facilitate the FI computation using the proposed decomposition. This paper presents a standard recurrence relation that simplifies computation of the FI in progressively Type II censored samples to a sum; FI in collections order statistics (OS). We compute the FI in a collections of progressively Type II censored samples for some known distributions.     

Estimation Bias in Complete-Case Analysis in Crossover Studies with Missing Data

Crossover designs are used often in clinical trials. It is not uncommon that subjects discontinue before completing all treatment periods in a crossover study. Despite availability of statistical methodologies utilizing all available data and software for obtaining valid inferences under the assumption of missing at random (MAR), naïve approaches, such as the complete case (CC) analysis, which is only valid with a strong assumption of missing completely at random are still widely used in practice. In this article, we obtain the analytical form of the estimation bias of treatment effects with CC for linear mixed models. We use simulation studies to examine the inflation of Type I error and efficiency loss in the inferences with CC under MAR. Invalidity and inefficiency of two other commonly used approaches for defining analyzed data in the presence of missing data, including data from at least two periods in three period crossover and available cases for a specific comparison of interest, are also demonstrated through simulation studies.     

Nonparametric Bayes factors based on empirical likelihood ratios

Bayes methodology provides posterior distribution functions based on parametric likelihoods adjusted for prior distributions. A distribution-free alternative to the parametric likelihood is use of empirical likelihood (EL) techniques, well known in the context of nonparametric testing of statistical hypotheses. Empirical likelihoods have been shown to exhibit many of the properties of conventional parametric likelihoods. In this paper, we propose and examine Bayes factors (BF) methods that are derived via the EL ratio approach. Following Kass and Wasserman (1995), we consider Bayes factors type decision rules in the context of standard statistical testing techniques. We show that the asymptotic properties of the proposed procedure are similar to the classical BF's asymptotic operating characteristics. Although we focus on hypothesis testing, the proposed approach also yields confidence interval estimators of unknown parameters. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate the theoretical results as well as to demonstrate the power of the proposed test.     

Modifications of the Empirical Likelihood Interval Estimation with Improved Coverage Probabilities

The empirical likelihood (EL) technique has been well addressed in both the theoretical and applied literature in the context of powerful nonparametric statistical methods for testing and interval estimations. A nonparametric version of Wilks theorem (Wilks, 1938 Wilks , S. S. ( 1938 ). The large-sample distribution of the likelihood ratio for testing composite hypotheses . Annals of Mathematical Statistics 9 : 60 – 62 .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) can usually provide an asymptotic evaluation of the Type I error of EL ratio-type tests. In this article, we examine the performance of this asymptotic result when the EL is based on finite samples that are from various distributions. In the context of the Type I error control, we show that the classical EL procedure and the Student's t-test have asymptotically a similar structure. Thus, we conclude that modifications of t-type tests can be adopted to improve the EL ratio test. We propose the application of the Chen (1995 Chen , L. ( 1995 ). Testing the mean of skewed distributions . Journal of the American Statistical Association 90 : 767 – 772 .[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) t-test modification to the EL ratio test. We display that the Chen approach leads to a location change of observed data whereas the classical Bartlett method is known to be a scale correction of the data distribution. Finally, we modify the EL ratio test via both the Chen and Bartlett corrections. We support our argument with theoretical proofs as well as a Monte Carlo study. A real data example studies the proposed approach in practice.