Considerations on group-wise identical designs for linear mixed models

We consider a general class of mixed models, where the individual parameter vector is composed of a linear function of the population parameter vector plus an individual random effects vector. The linear function can vary for the different individuals. We show that the search for optimal designs for the estimation of the population parameter vector can be restricted to the class of group-wise identical designs, i.e., for each of the groups defined by the different linear functions only one individual elementary design has to be optimized. A way to apply the result to non-linear mixed models is described.     

制革铬鞣废水中铬(Ⅲ)的治理和回收利用

采用沉淀－双氧水氧化法，对制革铬鞣废水中铬（Ⅲ）的治理和回收利用进行了研究．该法对铬（Ⅲ）的回收率可达９２％，处理后废水澄清，无色，无味，稳定，ｐＨ值８～８．５．     

H2O2与UV／TiO2协同体系光催化降解酸性品红的研究

采用高压汞灯为光源，考察了H2O2与UV／TiO2协同体系对酸性品红的降解效果。结果表明：H2O2提高了UV／TiO2光催化降解酸性品红的速率。同时，研究了影响纳米TiO2光催化降解酸性品红的主要影响因素。实验结果表明：初始PH值等于7时，光催化效率最佳；随着初始浓度的增加光催化降解效率降低；TiO2的最佳用量为0．2g/L。     

论张学良在西安事变和平解决中的地位和作用

西安事变的和平解决是促成蒋介石接受张、杨及中共抗日思想的关键.西安事变能够和平解决,真正起决定作用的是事变的主角张学良.在整个西安事变的发展过程中,张学良不仅是和平解决事变的倡导者,还是促进西安事变和平解决的实施者,张学良作为西安事变和平解决的主体地位以及发挥出的决定性作用,是应该给予充分肯定的.     

唯美主义与同性恋视野中的王尔德

国内对奥斯卡.王尔德的研究集中在他的唯美主义观和戏剧方面,而对其蕴涵的同性恋倾向和寓意往往是批评性地一笔带过。在王尔德的《W.H.先生的肖像》和《道连.格雷的画像》中,可以看出:前者是王尔德对同性恋历史的追溯和对莎翁十四行诗中隐含同性恋内涵的证实;后者表征了王尔德对同性恋的困惑和探索以及在同性恋视野中王尔德的人生底蕴和美学观。     

DISTRIBUTIONAL INCENTIVES IN AN EQUILIBRIUM MODEL OF DOMESTIC SOVEREIGN DEFAULT

Europe's debt crisis resembles historical episodes of outright default on domestic public debt about which little research exists. This paper proposes a theory of domestic sovereign default based on distributional incentives affecting the welfare of risk‐averse debt and nondebtholders. A utilitarian government cannot sustain debt if default is costless. If default is costly, debt with default risk is sustainable, and debt falls as the concentration of debt ownership rises. A government favoring bond holders can also sustain debt, with debt rising as ownership becomes more concentrated. These results are robust to adding foreign investors, redistributive taxes, or a second asset.     

THE DYNAMICS OF CLIMATE AGREEMENTS

This paper analyzes a framework in which countries over time pollute and invest in green technologies. Without a climate treaty, the countries pollute too much and invest too little, particularly if intellectual property rights are weak. Nevertheless, short‐term agreements on emission levels then reduce every country's payoff, since countries invest less when they anticipate future negotiations. If intellectual property rights are weak, the agreement should be tougher and more long‐term. Conversely, if the climate agreement happens to be short‐term or absent, intellectual property rights should be strengthened or technological licensing subsidized.     

托尼的中国研究及对费孝通乡村研究的影响

托尼的社会学研究在国内学术界被低估甚至被忽视了,他对中国的研究是经得起时间的考验的,也影响了当时中国学者的研究,典型的是费孝通的乡村研究,很大程度上是受到托尼的直接或间接影响。而托尼与费孝通共同的研究传统就是历史视角、整体视角,在此基础上研究中国农村,无论是从一般学术意义上,还是具体的中国当前农村问题的研究上,都具有很大的指导意义和参考价值,继承和发扬这一研究传统,是文化自觉和理论自觉的重要途径。     

从“精卫填海”与“黄帝擒蚩尤”看上古部落的冲突与融合

"精卫填海"神话反映了炎帝神农氏与东夷蚩尤氏冲突的历史,炎帝携女娃东巡蚩尤族领地导致了女娃被害的惨剧,炎帝借用鸟图腾和人死化生的观念,虚构了精卫鸟衔西山之木石以复仇东海的故事。女娃被害促进了炎黄部落的联合,引发"黄帝擒蚩尤"的战争,而决定炎黄部落与蚩尤部落战争的胜败,乃在于南方苗蛮集团中的一支——处于良渚文化圈的女魃部落加入战斗,但战争并没有给女魃部落带来利益,导致了其不能回故土又被迫北迁的结局,这也解释了良渚文化突然由盛转衰的原因。     

Rethinking industrial citizenship: the role and meaning of work in an age of austerity

T. H. Marshall in his famous tract Citizenship and Social Class wrote briefly about what he called ‘industrial citizenship’, a type of belonging rooted in the workplace. Here Marshall's ideas are developed alongside a consideration of Durkheim's Professional Ethics and Civic Morals together with research material from the Guinness Company. It shows the way the Company actively sought to create ‘Guinness citizenship’ within its London brewery. The article draws out the ways in which the significance and potential of work based citizenship for ameliorating the ills of industrial society are clearly articulated in mid‐twentieth century Britain and echo earlier neglected Durkheimian sociological ideas on work. These ideas have real potential to inform contemporary academic and policy debates about the nature of capitalism and the form and content of work now and in the future.