Inflation of Type I error rate in multiple regression when independent variables are measured with error

When independent variables are measured with error, ordinary least squares regression can yield parameter estimates that are biased and inconsistent. This article documents an inflation of Type I error rate that can also occur. In addition to analytic results, a large‐scale Monte Carlo study shows unacceptably high Type I error rates under circumstances that could easily be encountered in practice. A set of smaller‐scale simulations indicate that the problem applies to various types of regression and various types of measurement error. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 37: 33‐46; 2009 © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada     

Data‐driven choice of the smoothing parametrization for kernel density estimators

There are several levels of sophistication when specifying the bandwidth matrix H to be used in a multivariate kernel density estimator, including H to be a positive multiple of the identity matrix, a diagonal matrix with positive elements or, in its most general form, a symmetric positive‐definite matrix. In this paper, the author proposes a data‐based method for choosing the smoothing parametrization to be used in the kernel density estimator. The procedure is fully illustrated by a simulation study and some real data examples. The Canadian Journal of Statistics © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada     

阐旧邦以辅新命——重读L·H·摩尔根的《古代社会》

通过对摩尔根《古代社会》的重新阅读和解释,旨在厘清人类学阅读中对这本著作的一些偏见与误解。挖掘其内在意蕴和精神价值,以期为当下中国民族学人类学界重新认识学科传统,回归经典提供动力。探讨学科早期经典的内含也能对今日中国构建“和谐社会”提供理念参照。     

2011-2015年河北省11所重点骨干大学学术表现对比分析与研究——基于Scopus数据库统计分析

文章以河北省11所重点骨干大学为研究对象，以我馆引进的Scopus数据库为数据来源，利用文献计量学的方法对近五年来河北省11所重点骨干大学的学术表现如发表论文数量、被引次数、篇均被引次数、论文H指数以及综合学术表现等各项指标进行对比分析与研究，了解河北省11所重点骨干大学的学术成就和影响力，对它们的整体情况做出比较客观、全面的评价，并提出进一步提高学术研究水平的建议。     

Unstructured principal fitted response reduction in multivariate regression

In this paper, an unstructured principal fitted response reduction approach is proposed. The new approach is mainly different from two existing model-based approaches, because a required condition is assumed in a covariance matrix of the responses instead of that of a random error. Also, it is invariant under one of popular ways of standardizing responses with its sample covariance equal to the identity matrix. According to numerical studies, the proposed approach yields more robust estimation than the two existing methods, in the sense that its asymptotic performances are not severely sensitive to various situations. So, it can be recommended that the proposed method should be used as a default model-based method.     

On multivariate associated kernels to estimate general density functions

Multivariate associated kernel estimators, which depend on both target point and bandwidth matrix, are appropriate for distributions with partially or totally bounded supports and generalize the classical ones such as the Gaussian. Previous studies on multivariate associated kernels have been restricted to products of univariate associated kernels, also considered having diagonal bandwidth matrices. However, it has been shown in classical cases that, for certain forms of target density such as multimodal ones, the use of full bandwidth matrices offers the potential for significantly improved density estimation. In this paper, general associated kernel estimators with correlation structure are introduced. Asymptotic properties of these estimators are presented; in particular, the boundary bias is investigated. Generalized bivariate beta kernels are handled in more details. The associated kernel with a correlation structure is built with a variant of the mode-dispersion method and two families of bandwidth matrices are discussed using the least squared cross validation method. Simulation studies are done. In the particular situation of bivariate beta kernels, a very good performance of associated kernel estimators with correlation structure is observed compared to the diagonal case. Finally, an illustration on a real dataset of paired rates in a framework of political elections is presented.     

透明的翻译:西方诗歌翻译所涉及的句法问题和翻译哲学

本文讨论西方诗歌、特别是拉丁文和德文诗歌汉译中所涉及的句法问题和翻译理论问题。其中对句法的讨论涉及汉语和拉丁语、德语的句法结构差异以及相关的修辞格式;对翻译哲学的讨论涉及便雅悯著名的翻译论文。论文所讨论的诗歌主要包括贺拉修和荷尔德林的作品。     

劳伦斯《马贩的女儿》中的创作主题分析及意象的运用

《马贩的女儿》是D.H.劳伦斯“性与美”哲学的经典阐释.在这篇小说中,劳伦斯以丰富多彩的意象运用为手段并结合自然完美的两性关系的描写,突出了小说“救赎”这一主题.小说的创作主题以及对“池塘”、“马”“火”、“衣服”意象的运用揭示了劳伦斯希望人们能打破资本主义工业文明下道德、理性的束缚,恢复人与人之间,人与自然之间的和谐关系的愿望.     

Honesty or dishonesty of taxpayer communications in an enforcement regime

In many settings the true likelihood of capture when engaging in an illegal activity, such as tax evasion, is not well known to an individual. “Official” statements from the tax administration regarding enforcement effort provide some information. In addition, “informal”, or “unofficial”, communication among taxpayers can supplement these official announcements, but individuals do not know with certainty whether such unofficial information is honest (or accurate) versus dishonest (or inaccurate). We examine the truthfulness of an individual’s revelation of unofficial information to other individuals, along with the factors that affect any revelation, focusing on the intrinsic motivations for revelations. Our experimental design allows us to examine the type and the honesty of messages that an individual chooses to send to other individuals regarding their own audit outcome and their own compliance behavior. Our results indicate that most individuals send accurate messages about their own audit outcomes and their own compliance behaviors. Nevertheless, many individuals are also systematically dishonest about being audited; that is, we observe a significant tendency for individuals to claim that they were audited when they were not. We also observe a strong interaction between individuals’ audit outcomes and their compliance behaviors, so that individuals who engaged in tax evasion and who were audited were more truthful in their communications than those whose tax evasion went undetected.