张学良的青年人格素养观

指出了青年人格素养观的含义,阐明了张学良青年人格素养观形成和发展的脉络.重点分析了张学良青年人格素养观的特点:是对儒家人生哲学和道德修养观念的继承和发展,强调外在规范的作用,主张推行人格教育以提高民族整体素质,身体力行、躬行亲践等.探讨了张学良青年人格素养观对当代青年教育的启示.     

Children in families of torture victims: transgenerational transmission of parents' traumatic experiences to their children

This article details a study to test the hypothesis that immigrant children whose parents have been tortured before coming to Sweden suffer from depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms, somatisation and behavioural disorders. Fifteen families where at least one of the parents had experienced torture were compared with fifteen families from a similar ethnic and cultural background where their parents might have experienced violence but not torture. The parents were investigated using interviews, the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) and Harvard/Uppsala Trauma Questionnaire (H/UTQ). The children were assessed using the DICA-interview according to DSM-IV. On the H/UTQ test, traumatised parents scored higher with respect to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, somatisation, anxiety and psychosocial stress symptoms. On the KSP, they scored higher on nine of the fifteen sub-scales. The fathers in the tortured group scored higher than their wives only on the sub-scale for guilt. According to the DICA-interviews, the children of tortured parents had more symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, attention deficits and behavioural disorders compared with the comparison group. Social workers, psy-chiatrists, psychologists and teachers need to be aware of a possible transmission of parents' traumatic experiences to their children and to develop treatment methods for children of torture victims.     

Population growth and social security financing

By allowing the population growth to be flexible, this paper analyzes the effect of a tax reform that involves an introduction of consumption taxation for social security financing. It is found that population growth and labor supply play an important role in determining the effect of the tax reform. If population growth and labor supply are exogenous, then an introduction of a consumption tax for social security financing, with the payroll tax rate being endogenous, decreases the interest rate and increases capital accumulation. However, if population growth and labor supply are endogenous, then an introduction of a consumption tax for social security financing increases the interest rate and reduces capital accumulation. Received: 26 February 2001/Accepted: 26 August 2001     

干散货航运价格指数分形结构研究

运用分形分布理论对国际干散货航运价格指数的分布结构进行研究,对价格指数序列的Hurst指数及盒维数进行估算,结果表明干散货航运价格指数时间序列具有尖峰厚尾及长期记忆性等分形分布特征。通过对分形分布与正态分布拟合结果的比较发现,正态分布会高估时间序列的收益,并低估其风险,而分形分布能够更好地对其进行拟合,本文对运价指数序列的分形分布参数进行了估算。     

The Relationships of Information Efficacy and Media Literacy Skills to Knowledge and Self-efficacy for Health-Related Decision Making

Abstract

Objective: To compare the extent to which information efficacy (confidence for acquiring useful information) and media literacy skills predict knowledge and self-efficacy for preventing or treating the health threat of influenza. Participants: A random-sample survey of 1,379 residential students enrolled at a northwestern public university was conducted in fall 2009. Methods: Students accessed an Internet survey through a link provided in an e-mail. Results: Students who self-diagnosed correctly demonstrated higher levels of media literacy skills than those who self-diagnosed incorrectly. Among those who self-diagnosed incorrectly, the only predictor of knowledge was accessibility of information sources; low accessibility was associated with reduced knowledge. Information efficacy predicted self-efficacy for both groups. Conclusions: The results illustrate the limitations of information efficacy in the absence of media literacy skills. To decrease health risks, college health practitioners should promote media literacy while also ensuring easy access to high-quality information.     

一类新的含(H,η)-增生算子的变分包含组解的迭代逼近

在q-一致光滑Banach空间中引入和研究了一类新的含(H,η)-增生算子的集值变分包含组问题.利用所定义的(H,η)-增生算子的预解算子,给出了此类变分包含组的迭代算法,并证明了由该算法生成的迭代序列的强收敛性.所得结果改进和推广了最近一些文献中的相应结果.     

SVM-like decision theoretical classification of high-dimensional vectors

In this paper, we consider the classification of high-dimensional vectors based on a small number of training samples from each class. The proposed method follows the Bayesian paradigm, and it is based on a small vector which can be viewed as the regression of the new observation on the space spanned by the training samples. The classification method provides posterior probabilities that the new vector belongs to each of the classes, hence it adapts naturally to any number of classes. Furthermore, we show a direct similarity between the proposed method and the multicategory linear support vector machine introduced in Lee et al. [2004. Multicategory support vector machines: theory and applications to the classification of microarray data and satellite radiance data. Journal of the American Statistical Association 99 (465), 67–81]. We compare the performance of the technique proposed in this paper with the SVM classifier using real-life military and microarray datasets. The study shows that the misclassification errors of both methods are very similar, and that the posterior probabilities assigned to each class are fairly accurate.     

完全二部图Kn,n的H2-cordial问题

关于图的H-cordial问题结果较多,而H2-cordial问题的结果甚少.对于图Kn,n只有H-cordial的结果,未涉及H2-cordial问题.本文给出并证明了Kn,n是H2-cordial图的充分必要条件.     

Fiscal stringency and fiscal sustainability: Panel evidence from the American state and local governments

Most state (and local) governments in the U.S. operate under formal fiscal rules which limit their ability to run budget deficits and resort to debt financing. A priori, one would expect to find evidence in favor of an intertemporally balanced budget, or fiscal sustainability, for these states, especially those characterized by a relatively high degree of fiscal stringency. We test this hypothesis for a panel of 47 state–local government units (1961–2006) using four budget balance definitions and several subsamples defined based on regional classifications, or presence of certain balanced budget requirements (BBRs). Our results, obtained from panel estimation techniques that allow for general forms of serial and cross-sectional dependence, suggest that a sufficient condition for “strong” sustainability is consistently satisfied for the full sample and all subsamples in relation to balances that include special funds and/or federal grants. However, we find evidence consistent with the “weak” version of sustainability for the full sample and some regional subsamples (particularly Far West dominated by California) in at least one of the two balances that exclude these items. Finally, the BBRs seem to matter only in relation to the sustainability of the more narrowly defined balances. We discuss the implications of these findings for the role of fiscal rules and federal grant policies.