基于层次模型法的互联网环境下的群体决策支持系统

技术的进步与发展为群体决策支持系统(GDSS)的研究与开发带来了机遇,但是若缺乏系统性、逻辑性的方法指导,GDSS的研究与开发将陷入仅仅是将众多技术混合在一起的状态,不利于系统的重构。本文在综述层次模型法的研究背景和研究思想基础上,从系统可重用、便于升级维护的角度出发,提出将互联网环境下GDSS概念结构分为应用层、任务层、功能层和物理层,并详细阐述任务层和功能层的特点和结构以及GDSS生成器的普遍模型的设计。     

信息系统战略规划方法及其组合策略的研究

对典型的信息系统战略规划方法的特点和类型进行了归纳和总结,根据信息系统战略规划的一般过程,对各种信息系统战略规划方法进行了适用范围分析,在此基础之上,提出了信息系统战略规划方法的组合策略。     

管理科学中国学派如何走向世界？——问题、策略及系统方法论层面的分析

针对管理科学中国学派走向世界的需要,界定了管理科学中国学派的内涵和特色,分析了管理科学中国学派在走向世界过程中存在的问题,提出"通过寻找东西方管理的共同点,让管理科学中国学派走向世界"的策略;以西方的CmCvAwA s系统理论和东方的物理-事理-人理系统理论为例,分析了东西方在系统方法论层面上的相互联系,期望为管理科学中国学派走向世界提供借鉴。     

企业车间系统结构与工艺复杂性多维度评价

提出了信息力、能和结构复杂性信息量度量的基本概念、定义、基本原理和数学模型;建立了企业生产系统结构复杂性评价的新尺度;提出了评价方法和系统结构的简约化、复杂性减少原理;并应用此理论与方法对井工企业掘进工作面系统结构复杂性评价进行了实证研究.     

电信运营企业人力资源管理系统与组织绩效关系研究

根据对广东省116家电信运营企业人力资源实践状况的调查结果,分析了人力资源管理实践与组织绩效的关系。基于人力资源实践的组合,划分了高低水平人力资源实践组并对其进行了比较。通过相关分析和回归分析,揭示了内部发展型人力资源管理系统与组织绩效的影响关系。研究发现,中国背景下的电信运营企业采用偏向内部发展型的人力资源管理系统,因其组织绩效较高。     

基于进化心理学视角的信息系统研究

介绍进化心理学理论,以及国外信息系统领域中采用进化心理学视角的研究,并分析已有研究的局限性.随后详细讨论了该理论对信息系统研究的借鉴意义,根据进化心理学中以群体为进化单元的理论,提出团队层面的研究框架,并结合实例进行说明.指出的未来研究方向可为信息系统及相关领域的研究提供参考.     

基于竞争能力理论的企业信息系统战略规划方法

在过去的20多年中,信息系统战略规划一直是学者和管理者关注的热点问题之一,动态多变的竞争环境使传统的信息系统战略规划方法的有效性和适应性面临着挑战.分析了信息系统战略与业务战略的动态关系,简要评述了现有信息系统战略规划方法,基于竞争能力理论提出一种新的信息系统战略规划方法,该方法从竞争能力利用和竞争能力构建视角出发,分为竞争环境分析、业务过程分析、比较等阶段,包括竞争能力的描述和竞争能力比较等分析工具.以某柴油机股份有限公司为例,展示了基于竞争能力理论的企业信息系统战略规划方法的过程和分析工具,讨论了该方法的有效性和适用性.结果表明,基于竞争能力理论的企业信息系统战略规划方法具有动态性、系统性、全面性和认知性等特点.     

Navigating the ‘shadow of loss’ in mental health social work

ABSTRACT

The human experience of loss has been at the centre of psychoanalytic understandings of the human condition since Freud’s first writings on ‘melancholia’. This essay draws on psychodynamic theory to show how workers who are attuned to the experience of loss in service users can shape their interventions accordingly. By reflecting on how a diagnosis of ‘depression’ might better be understood as the rippling wave of past grief, professionals can utilise the dynamics of projection, transference and containment to help understand the emotional pain of individuals they support. But this essay also suggests that the use of psychodynamic practice works best when it is bolstered by other frameworks – in this case an understanding of systems theory. When the two traditions are utilised together, they provide an understanding of psychic phenomena which can enable social workers to build a basis for effective interventions with service users experiencing mental distress.     

Operational Networks: Adaptation to Extreme Events in China

Natural hazards pose an increasing challenge to public administrators, as the frequency, costs, and consequences of extreme events escalate in a complex, interdependent, world. This study examines organizational networks as instruments for mobilizing collective response to extreme events, but effective design has been elusive. Governments have focused on planned networks to anticipate risk before hazards occur; communities have formed emergent networks as voluntary efforts after the event. Using a framework of complex adaptive systems, we identify operational networks that adapt to their immediate context in real time, using technologies to support the search, exchange, and feedback of information to enable informed, collective action. Applying mixed research methods—documentary analysis of laws, policies, and procedures; content analysis of news articles; onsite observation; and semistructured interviews with experienced personnel—we document operational networks as a distinct form of multiorganizational response to urgent events that combines the structure of designated authority with the flexibility of information technologies. The integration of planned and emergent organizational forms into operational networks is measured through External/Internal (E/I) index analysis, based on empirical data collected on response systems that formed following the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earthquakes in the centralized administrative context of China. Findings show that planned networks provide the organizational structure and initial legitimacy essential for operational networks to form, but ready access to information technology—cell phones, short-wave radio systems, internet access—enables rapid communication and exchange of information essential for flexible adaptation in real time to meet urgent needs.     

Improved Methods for Estimating Flood Depth Exceedances Within Storm Surge Protection Systems

Contemporary studies conducted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers estimate probability distributions of flooding on the interior of ring levee systems by estimating surge exceedances at points along levee system boundaries, calculating overtopping volumes generated by this surface, then passing the resulting volumes of water through a drainage model to calculate interior flood depths. This approach may not accurately represent the exceedance probability of flood depths within the system interior; a storm producing 100‐year surge at one point is unlikely to simultaneously produce 100‐year surge levels everywhere around the system exterior. A conceptually preferred approach estimates surge and waves associated with a large set of storms. Each storm is run through the interior model separately, and the resulting flood depths are weighted by a parameterized likelihood of each synthetic storm. This results in an empirical distribution of flood depths accounting for geospatial variation in any individual storm's characteristics. This method can also better account for the probability of levee breaches or other system failures. The two methods can produce different estimates of flood depth exceedances and damage when applied to storm surge flooding in coastal Louisiana. Even differences in flood depth exceedances of less than 0.2 m can still produce large differences in projected damage. This article identifies and discusses differences in estimated flood depths and damage produced by each method within multiple Louisiana protection systems. The novel coupled dynamics approach represents a step toward enabling risk‐based design standards.