“文学话语活动”理论剖析——兼论童本《教程》的编写

"文学话语活动"无疑是童庆炳主编的《文学理论教程》的一个理论亮点。它既追溯到文学研究的历史起点,又坚持了文学研究的逻辑起点,即文学话语活动自身。这一部分的论述体现出教材编写的理论个性。但也存在一些不足。文章希望通过对教材"文学话语活动"理论的具体剖析,有助于《教程》的进一步完善和教材的编写。     

文学研究的时代课题——生态文学

生态文学是西方人文主义者通过对现代工业和科学技术的反思、质疑及对经济全球化过程中环境污染和人类生存状况的忧思而展开的课题。它在文艺学领域引起强烈的反响，并迅速发展为一门显学。拟以建设社会主义生态文明为背景，探讨生态文学的研究价值，呼吁文学研究对生态文学的高度关注。     

中西方“狼文学”中的浪漫主义与自然主义研究

在人类社会的精神和性格日渐颓靡的今天,“狼文学”在当代世界文学的整体格局中,成为了一个灿烂而奇异的存在,因此有必要对“狼文学”的创作方式和精神内涵等各方面进行深入地挖掘、剖析.学者们对“狼文学”投入了极大的研究热情,并做了诸多卓有成效的专题研究.但鲜有人关注“狼文学”中普遍存在的大量的浪漫主义与自然主义元素,而正是这种奇特的创作手法使得“狼小说”既粗犷、剽悍和神秘,又不失温情、细腻与浪漫.     

试论唐宋元小说戏剧中的青楼故事

唐宋元小说戏剧中的青楼故事是时代造就的产物。唐传奇中的青楼故事是唐人冶游体验的产物 ,不过却于浪漫之中反映了唐代的士族门阀政治。宋代青楼小说说教意味浓重 ,也透露出市井气息。元代青楼戏剧是元人的白日梦 ,体现了落泊文人对功名和风月的幻想。     

走向文艺理论研究的综合创新

从20世纪80年代中期起,中国文艺理论研究在多元化和多样化的基础上开始提出走向一体化理论综合与创新的要求。综合创新要求的提出既是文艺理论发展的必然结果,也受到欧、美文学理论界相关研究特别是原苏联文艺创作综合研究学派的启示。综合创新着眼于新的理论和新的学派的现代性创造,它体现于视野、观念、方法诸多方面。     

20世纪初东北叙事文学话语的现代形态和意义

20世纪初的东北文学叙事话语的现代性,体现在对近现代国家的体认、对现代社会的认知,以及对现代文学的趋赴。在文学中体现出的国家观念,仍旧徘徊于旧的封贡体系中,近现代民族国家意识缺位,滞后于国际政治体系的变化。这使得其时的东北叙事文学中出现了两类独具时代特色的内容,一是外国政史小说的书写,一是外国世情小说创作。在其时的文学镜像中,城市文明呈现的是一种失衡、倾斜的形象,在从旧文化向新文化攀升的艰难行程中,来自旧时代的写手似乎更多地关注和记录了它转型中丑陋的足迹。在文学性方面,则表现出对现代文学的趋赴,内容上从教谕文学、游戏文学转向对人生的写实,篇章结构从说话体、笔记体的框制中挣脱出来,书写日常生活、人物和风景,逐步建设以呈现人生为追求的现代文学。     

‘Subjects,Participants, Collaborators’

Existing accounts of new war have not actively engaged with feminist analysis. Protest masculinity is suggested as an alternative explanatory framework to conventional explanations of violence in new war. To explore the intersection between masculinity and new wars the example of Sierra Leone's Revolutionary United Front has been investigated. The article concludes that masculinity is an essential cause to the creation of new war and to the form that new war takes once it has originated.     

The Chinese writer as empty signifier: a corpus-based analysis of the English-language reporting of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature

This study examines the English-language reporting of the award in 2012 of the Nobel Prize in Literature to the Chinese author, Mo Yan. Through the corpus-based analysis of news reporting in four countries, the study found that Mo was discursively produced as an “empty signifier” through which significant cultural-political work was done in an attempt to make sense of and manage a resurgent China. Specifically, the global cultural event of the Nobel Prize in Literature was used in the USA, Australian, and French news media largely to reproduce the dominant human rights discourse in which China's dissidents were highly prominent and highly valued. In the news media of the more culturally proximate India, the literary achievement was given greater prominence. The study's keyword and concordance analyses found a high degree of commonality in the linguistic strategies through which China was represented. The findings revealed that the English-language reporting of the Nobel Prize was characterized by narrow cosmopolitanism, in which “they” were invited to become part of “our” free world.     

Strategic interactions between humans and artificial intelligence: Lessons from experiments with computer players

Artificial intelligence (AI) is starting to pervade the economic and social life. This renders strategic interactions between humans and artificial agents more and more common. At the same time, experimentalists have increasingly employed computer players as a tool to provide a deeper understanding of strategic interaction in general. What can this strand of research teach us about the strategic behavior of humans interacting with AI? I review 162 experimental studies using computer players. I find that behavior and the outcomes of strategic interaction often change when humans interact with computer players rather than other humans. In particular, humans usually adapt to computer players even absent detailed prior information about them, they often act more selfishly and more rationally in their presence, and they apply different cognitive processes. Moreover, while humans are able to exploit computer players following simple algorithms, they are also vulnerable to exploitation by more sophisticated ones. Conversely, computer players may also enhance efficiency. I suggest several directions for future research.     

BORDERS BE DAMNED: CREOLIZING LITERARY RELATIONS

Conventional literary practices have always been used to perpetuate an us/them binary that reduces potential discussions concerning diversity, transnationalism or hybridization to a simplified relationship between dominant and subordinate categories. This article proposes that in order to avoid this predicament, cultural critics should move beyond ‘vertical’ methods of analysis and instead employ intercultural models which lend themselves to a consideration of the horizontal affiliations that can be found among women writers of colour. By engaging the writings of Jessica Hagedorn, Hisaye Yamamoto and Sandra Cisneros, the article argues that multicultural analysis enables an understanding of these (social, cultural and political) affiliations between racialized women in the United States. Further, it suggests that by comparing, contrasting, and interfacing emergent literary practices within current theories of cultural and feminist studies, critics will develop a ‘creolized’ approach which will help facilitate new alliances and sensitivity among the disenfranchised.