Parents’ income and children’s school drop-out at 16 in England and Wales: evidence from the 1970 British Cohort Study

This paper investigates the effect of parents’ income on children’s drop-out from school at age 16 using data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70). Unlike previous papers using the same data set, we use a continuous measure of income derived from the grouped income variable available in the BCS70, we employ instrumental variable techniques to address the issue of endogeneity of family income and take account of the potential endogeneity of income response with respect to a child’s education by jointly modelling the school drop-out decision and response to the family income question. Our estimates show the exogeneity of response to the income question with a child’s education and are in line with the previous literature finding a statistically significant small negative effect of family income on school drop-out at 16. On the contrary, other non-pecuniary parental effects, such as parental education and social class, turn out to be both significant and of a sizeable magnitude. Early versions of this paper benefited from presentations at the University of Warwick, the ZEW Summer Workshop 2002 on Human Capital, the European Society for Population Economics 2002 Conference and the European Economic Association 2002 Conference and comments by Martin Andrews, Lorenzo Cappellari, Charlotte Lauer, Derek Leslie, Jeremy Smith, Mark Stewart, and two anonymous referees. The BCS70 data were kindly provided by, and used with permission of, the UK Data Archive (UKDA, University of Essex). Funding from the ESRC is gratefully acknowledged. The usual disclaimer applies.     

卫三畏与美国早期的对华退款兴学计划

1858年中美签订赔偿条约,中国付给美国700,000美元损失赔偿费,所有的赔款付清后,还剩下二十多万美元余额。卫三畏提议用它在中国建一所学校,这是美国最早的退款兴学计划。该计划由于实施的条件不成熟而流产,但它表达了“用中国人的钱按美国方式教育中国优秀学生”的愿望,这种愿望对后来的庚子赔款兴学产生了重要影响。     

乾道、淳熙年间朝野对理学的批评

乾道、淳熙年间是理学得到重大发展的时期 ,但同时也激起非学术层面上的对理学的冲击 ,这种冲击不过是强权对学术的冲击。从表面上看 ,它有效地禁锢了当权者视为异端邪说的思想学说的传播 ,但实际上 ,它适有助于抬高被禁锢的思想的地位 ,同时也极大地扩展了其社会影响。乾道、淳熙年间南宋朝廷的反理学声浪是理学思想主导地位得以确立的前奏     

王闿运与桐城派——论王闿运文学思想的另一渊源

桐城派对湖湘派领袖王闿运文学思想的影响是隐势的。不管是在学理、地域、教育以及王闿运的交游上，都可以发现桐城派和王闿运之间的渊源关系。王闿运的很多重要思想都可以说是对桐城派的袭用和吸收。     

图里翻译理论中译者的使命研究

作为特拉维夫翻译学派的主要代表人物之一,图里受埃文.佐哈尔及多元系统理论的影响,提出了许多有价值的翻译观点。在他的翻译理论中,关于翻译和规范的关系的见解更是独树一帜。图里提出了翻译模式中的规范概念,分别是原始规范、预先规范和操作规范。译者从翻译之前到翻译活动结束主要受到原语文化规范和目的语文化规范的制约,这两种规则如同线的两端,而译者的使命则是在两端间动态地选择自己需要的规则。探讨译者在规范的影响下的使命将会让翻译理论同翻译实践更好地结合,有助于二者的深化和发展。     

徽派设计风格语言之探寻

作为独立体系的皖南诸画派背景图式影响下的徽式设计所形成的风格艺术美感是别的绘画媒介所不能替代的。它具有特殊的意味,因为中国绘画的关键是书法式的笔触,现代设计艺术理论与绘画新元素实践的整合使传统艺术形式焕发出新的设计艺术样式。     

浅谈人教版新旧教材中“氧化还原反应”的设计与教学

本文对新旧人教版两种高中化学必修教材中有关“氧化还原反应”这部分内容，从课标的比较、教材编排、教材的内容及栏目设计进行对比分析，阐述了作者对新教材的几点认识．     

Quantity and quality in evaluation research: A divergent view

Many researchers in evaluation and related fields are now attempting to synthesize quantitative and qualitative approaches. Certainly such efforts appear to carry great promise. However, there is reason to believe that the subtleties and genuine incompatibilities of these approaches are being overlooked. I illustrate some of these differences and subtleties and their implications for social inquiry.     

“尽量地要求一个人，也尽量地关心一个人”——江苏省名校长邹兴华个案研究

江苏省名校长邹兴华之所以成为名校长 ,关键在于他“以人为本”的办学理念     

技术哲学研究中的二元化问题探析

技术人工物的两重性问题、技术伦理的二元划分和技术-社会研究模式确立等二元化问题已然成为时下技术哲学研究的重要视点。结构-功能、结构-意向性的“二元组成”是从技术设计的视角来打开技术黑箱的必由之路;设计伦理和使用伦理的“二元分割”,使得技术伦理研究包括动态嵌入和事后规范两个向度;技术-社会“二元依存”模型的建构,使得技术研究从脱域回归至返域的境遇中来。