巴金的矛盾及其与巴金小说艺术变迁的关系

巴金的小说创作与他的自我矛盾密切相关,这种矛盾包括无政府主义思想的"极性"特征与现实的矛盾,以及巴金的生命体验与无政府主义信仰本身的矛盾。以某种形式解决这些矛盾,不仅是巴金接受世界、认同自我的前提,也是贯穿他创作过程的一个最核心的个人化课题。巴金通过小说艺术处理其自我矛盾的方式变化,对他小说的创作类型及风格变迁有深刻的影响。     

School context and American Indian substance use

The present study extends prior research exploring the role of school contextual factors in predicting individual adolescent substance use by examining how a school’s racial composition is associated with American Indian adolescent tobacco and marijuana use. Using a subsample of 523 American Indian students from the restricted use Add Health data, we consider both individual and school contextual factors across 99 schools. Our results suggest that a school’s racial composition is associated with individual tobacco and marijuana use among American Indian youth, but in different ways depending upon the substance. Our findings illustrate the importance of extending research on the correlates of substance use for racial and ethnic minorities beyond studies examining African-Americans and/or Hispanics.     

The limitations of using school league tables to inform school choice

Summary. In England, so-called 'league tables' based on examination results and test scores are published annually, ostensibly to inform parental choice of secondary schools. A crucial limitation of these tables is that the most recent published information is based on the current performance of a cohort of pupils who entered secondary schools several years earlier, whereas for choosing a school it is the future performance of the current cohort that is of interest. We show that there is substantial uncertainty in predicting such future performance and that incorporating this uncertainty leads to a situation where only a handful of schools' future performances can be separated from both the overall mean and from one another with an acceptable degree of precision. This suggests that school league tables, including value-added tables, have very little to offer as guides to school choice.     

姜敬爱与萧红小说语言描写艺术之比较

姜敬爱与萧红小说语言均具质朴、细腻、清新、明丽之特质,但在遣词造句上,前者酷爱拟声叠词,后者善用奇语散句;在五觉运用上,前者的嗅觉描写丰富而细腻,后者的通感手法精当而奇特;在辞格使用上,两者都擅长比喻、拟人、排比、反复等,但描写的角度不同,效果也不同。作为创作时代与创作语境极为相似的作家,姜敬爱与萧红小说语言描写的不同主要源于作家创作个性的差异和她们对语言艺术的独特追求。     

略论1946年上海摊贩请愿事件的几个问题

1946年的上海摊贩事件是两个性质运动的混合,之前的研究多集中在对事件过程的史实清理层面,缺少对摊贩事件中各方的利益争夺和政府应对的分析。本文拟在前人史实探索基本清楚的前提下,对1946年上海的社会经济状况和摊贩的经营状况、国民政府上海市政府和国民党上海市党部的应对及事件的社会政治意义加以阐发,以期更深入地了解当时的社会状况,并对整个事件给出更深入的结论。     

SPECIAL ISSUE： ONLINE LITERATURE IN CHINA： PRESENT SITUATION AND THEORETICAL REFLECTIONS Online Writing in the Course of Discourse Transformation： A Review of Ten Outstanding Online Novels of the Past Decade

中国当代文学阅读层面上的价值认同正在经受前所未有的挑战。特别是新世纪以来，新的写作群体、写作方式不断涌现，使固有的理论批评体系遭到撞击、被撕裂，从而导致理论批评不时出现失语现象。随着网络文学的迅猛发展，非主流文学在阅读与消费环节中的影响日益增强，这就使得上述问题转化成了新的矛盾——互相不能包容的阅读隔膜。十多年来，网络上产生了海量的小说文本，逐渐形成了二十多种类型；本文兼顾时间跨度和创作类型，遴选了十年中不同类型的十部佳作，并针对它们区别于纸质媒体的艺术审美和创作特点进行了述评。     

Black men teaching: toward a theory of social isolation in organizations

ABSTRACT

While there continues to be increasing research about Black male teachers’ school-based experiences, there is less empirical evidence on the variation in these experiences for this subgroup. Drawing on Kanter’s Theory of Numbers and Group Composition, the researcher used the qualitative method to compare the perceptions of Black male teachers in schools that employ just one Black male teacher versus schools with larger numbers of Black male teachers. A theory of social isolation in organizations is proposed to explain differences in the variation of school-based experiences for Black male teachers. When compared to Black men in schools with larger percentages of Black male teachers on the faculty, those Black men who were the only Black male teachers on their faculty were more likely to describe feeling socially isolated and disconnected from their colleagues.     

西北贫困民族聚居区学校体育特征研究

在层层比较中作者们认为西北贫困民族聚居区学校体育具有总体比较落后、地域特征明显;观念比较陈旧、经费严重不足;民族特色突出、发展潜力较大;少数民族青少年为主体,多数以一课两操为支撑四个方面的基本特征。     

虎嵩山与马鸿逵的三次合作办学

虎嵩山 (1 879- 1 956)是中国著名的伊斯兰教经学家 ,著名阿洪。在 2 0世纪 30— 40年代期间 ,他曾经在穆斯林聚居的宁夏省 ,与当时行政长官马鸿逵 (1 892 - 1 970 ,回族 )曾经 3次合作 ,筹办建立了“宁夏私立中阿学校”、“吴忠中阿师范学校”等中阿兼授的伊斯兰文化学校。这些学校的创办 ,为宁夏的回族教育、文化及出版业的发展 ,造就了一大批中阿兼通的回族人才 ,在宁夏和西北地区产生了深远的影响     

以古为是：钱大昕与“古学”群体的形成、实践及理念

惠栋汉学的核心价值是"以古为是",其与相关的信仰和技术系统,共同构成了乾嘉考据学最初的"范式"。这一"范式"对钱大昕、王鸣盛等人的影响至深至远,使之得以迅速地进入到考据学的天地之中。不过,"古学"依旧是当时最主要的称名,并产生了广义和狭义的分化,其中狭义的"古学"即专指汉学而言。而乾隆十九年(1754)的进士考试,不但促成了王鸣盛、钱大昕、纪昀等考据学者的聚集,还推动了"古学"群体的形成。众人随即展开了诸多的学术实践,并共同承担起《五礼通考》的编撰任务。这一系列的事件,意味着考据学即将由边缘走向中央,并逐步取代理学,而成为主流的学术形态。