灾害经济学方法论初探——基于马克思两种关系再生产理论

马克思、恩格斯早在一百多年前就从人与自然、人与人的关系中研究过资本主义生产方式下的灾害现象,这对于灾害经济学研究具有重要的方法论意义.人类社会所发生的灾害既是一个自然问题,又是一个社会经济问题,具有自然和社会经济双重属性.因此,灾害经济研究应坚持马克思主义唯物辩证法,按照马克思主义政治经济学方法论原则,从人与自然、人与人关系再生产以及社会经济可持续发展角度研究灾害经济关系.     

The patterns of ‘care migrantisation’ in South Korea

Over the past couple of decades, researchers have documented a phenomenon called ‘migrantisation of care’, which is patterned by the national regimes of care and migration. By applying the ideas of social reproduction and care–migration intersections to the South Korean case, this paper investigates the interplay of care and migration policies through which migrants get involved for various care roles in different care settings. In the matrix of migration (regime) and care (regime) emerge two intersecting fields in South Korea: co-ethnic labour migrants in paid care work and marriage migrants in unpaid care work. The paper has found a growing demand for migrant care labour to address the care crisis in Korea, but the degree to which care work is migrantised varies significantly between childcare and eldercare as well as between home-based care and institution-based care. The paper not only geographically extends the care–migration intersection frame to an East Asian welfare state but widens its theoretical application to an under-explored pattern of care migrantisation, notably unpaid care provision by family migrants.     

Becoming Missionaries: Gender,Space and Subjectivities in Chinese Christian Communities in the UK

In recent years, single young women and married couples migrating from mainland China have constituted a prominent group engaging in ministry careers among Chinese Christian communities in the UK. By investigating how they construct meaning out of their career choices that were entangled in the binaries and contradictions of the past/present, home/diaspora, public/private, men/women and family/self, this study explores the complexity of gender, Christianity and space in a (late) socialist Chinese case, thereby revealing the paradoxical subjectivities of these Chinese ministers. The idea is advanced that apart from a structural demand for clergies from mainland China, the complex interaction between traditional, (late) socialist and Christian gender ideologies has also affected their choices. The interaction works as a ‘transformative mechanism’ which creates a new moral order in terms of gender relations, family relations and work ethics. The new order incurs a patriarchal backlash against women in this group as well as empowering them. This research explores an interesting relationship between feminism, socialism and Christianity.     

From Potent Dead to Potent Places? Reflections on Muslim Saint Shrines in South Asia

This paper analyses the issue of the thaumaturgy of the Muslim saints in South Asia by focusing on the notion of potent place rather than on the exemplary lives of these figures and on their exceptional relations to God. Nevertheless, there is an important contradiction between the ubiquity of the saint, his residence with God and his strict localisation in space. To establish a firm relation with him and obtain his intercession, devotees must visit him precisely where his corpse was buried. Generally, this place was already potent or extra-ordinary before the inhumation of the saint. Does the process of the saint’s institutionalisation through the rites performed on his body transfer the potency of the place onto the saint and the power of the saint to the place? The analysis will draw on fieldwork enquiries conducted at the shrine of the martyr Ghāzī Miyāñ, the oldest (eleventh century) and most popular Muslim heroic figure in Northern India and Nepalese Terai, and at the shrines of two popular Sufi saints of Sindh (Pakistan), Lāl Shahbāz Qalandar and Bodlo Bahār.     

The World Bank,Organized Hypocrisy,and Women's Health: A Cross‐National Analysis of Maternal Mortality in Sub‐Saharan Africa

The theory of organized hypocrisy asserts that an organization depends upon its external environment for both financial support and conferred legitimacy, which can lead to conflicting policy agendas. We apply the theory of organized hypocrisy to World Bank structural adjustment and investment lending for reproductive health, hypothesizing these two lending policies should have differential effects on maternal mortality. We estimate a two‐way fixed effects regression model with robust standard errors clustered by country to examine the effect of World Bank reproductive health lending on maternal mortality within sub‐Saharan African nations over the period 1990–2010. We find that in every model the coefficients for World Bank structural adjustment lending in the health sector are positive and significant while the coefficients for World Bank investment lending in the reproductive health sector are negative and significant. The findings lend support to the theory that the World Bank is pursuing contradictory agendas, embodied by its lending policies, which can have differential effects on maternal mortality.     

(Mis)Understanding Abortion Regret

The debate about abortion regret rests on competing assumptions about women's attachment to pregnancy. Antiabortion claimants argue women always attach to pregnancy (inevitably regretting abortion), while abortion rights supporters counter that women do not attach to pregnancies they choose to terminate (feeling relief instead). Neither assumption explains women's experience; research shows that attachment is discursively produced. Using interview data from 21 women, this study moves past these political claims to empirically identify three sources of women's emotional difficulty around abortion: social disapproval, romantic relationship loss, and head versus heart conflict. Findings point to the importance of attention to women's lived experience and space for complex feelings around abortion.     

Social networks and spatial configuration—How office layouts drive social interaction

This paper analyzes the spatial dimensions of office layouts in diverse knowledge-intensive workplace environments based on the theoretical and methodological propositions of Space Syntax, and brings this together with the analysis of intra-organizational interaction networks. Physical distances between agents are modeled in different ways and used as explanatory variables in exponential random graph modeling. The paper shows that spatial configuration in offices can be considered an important but not sole rationale for tie formation. Furthermore, it is shown that spatial distance measures based on detailed configurational analysis outperform simple Euclidean distance metrics in predicting social ties.     

He,she, it: gender bias in teacher–student interaction at university

Starting from an intercultural education framework, this paper examines whether students at two Zagreb universities perceive interactions with their teachers to be gender influenced. In the first part of the paper, we outline the context of the research and the two theoretical constructs which correspond to traditionally male and female teachers’ performances at university. In the second part of the paper, we present the results of the survey we conducted. The results show that the students recognized some aspects of gender bias in interaction with their teachers and that gendered cultures reflected in the dominantly female or male teachers’ performances were indeed present at the universities included in the survey.     

雾霾污染对人口迁移的影响效应研究——基于人口普查和1%抽样调查资料的分析

文章将雾霾污染卫星遥感数据与全国人口普查数据相结合,采用网络自相关和空间重力模型等方法,实证揭示了雾霾污染对人口迁移的影响。结果表明,(1)人口迁移存在明显的网络自相关效应,迁出地之间的空间集聚最为明显。(2)雾霾污染对人口迁入和人口迁出均存在显著的负向影响,雾霾污染每提高1%致使人口迁出和人口迁入分别下降0.297%和0.355%;收入水平和教育程度等因素是人口迁移中最显著拉力,高校生数量和气候等因素为人口迁移中最显著推力。(3)稳健性检验和异质性分析表明,雾霾污染对人口迁入和人口迁出均表现为显著的负向影响。基于此,雾霾污染并非当前人口迁移的关键动因,提高收入水平和教育程度仍是地区人才竞争中有力的杠杆,但随着"十四五"时期以人为核心的城镇化不断推进,雾霾污染将发挥更大的制约作用,应尽早关注雾霾污染给人口迁移带来的潜在挑战。     

纤维丛与金融统计

 本文探讨了纤维丛理论与金融统计数据之间的关系。从纤维丛所表示的统计空间、会计空间二者的综合性与细致性的角度对金融交易数据的传统统计方法、会计方法进行了比较分析。