论公务员道德素质的培养

公务员是国家公务的执行者,公务员道德素质的好坏,直接影响整个国家和社会的道德状况。然而,由于受到诸多因素的影响,目前公务员道德水平并不是很高,甚至有些公务员腐化堕落。因此,在大力提倡"以人为本"的新理念下,我们要深刻认识到培养公务员道德素质的重要性和紧迫性,大力加强公务员道德素质的培养。     

The Ethics of the Child Custody Process: Are the American Law Institute’s Guidelines the Answer?

Our principal ethical concern is that children have greatly differing opportunities to have their developmental needs addressed in the custody process. We illustrate this variation with example cases in five different adult contexts: custodial parent, relocates; natural father disputes an adoption; gay parents break up; “psychological parents” come forward to claim custody or visitation; and the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 is invoked and may disrupt a placement. We acknowledge and then evaluate in relation to our cases, the recent guidelines for custody issued by the American Law Institute (Principles of the Law of Family Dissolution: Analysis and Recommendations, 2002). Our recommendations for an ethical process include making the child a legal player.Eleanor Willemsen, Rebecca Andrews and Bethany Karlin are affiliated with Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University. Rebecca Andrews is now at Syracuse University Law School.Address correspondence to Eleanor Willemsen, Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053; e-mail: ewillemsen @scu.edu. This research was supported by a grant from the Bannan Center for Jesuit Education of Santa Clara University. We wish to acknowledge Bree Nakashima for her assistance with our legal research.     

Metaphysics and professional resistance to program evaluation

One of the most common and most difficult problems confronting program evaluators is the resistance they encounter when attempting to implement evaluation efforts. The philosophical and psychological foundations of this resistance are explored. Problems in the evaluative paradigm are presented. Value differences between evaluators and practitioners are highlighted. Emotional bases for practitioner behavior are clarified and types and loci of resistance are outlined. Suggestions for coping strategies are discussed.     

生态伦理的意识形态和伦理传统

现代科技思想的理论支点 ,建筑在地球仅仅是僵死的物质和仅供人类利用的自然资源的假设基础之上 ,要改变这种“征服自然”的传统观念 ,需要现代科技哲学向地球生态共同体观念的转向。由此笔者试图揭示并确证生态伦理学的理论在描述伦理、规范伦理和哲学伦理思维方面体现出来的生态伦理意识形态的统一性 ,以及在伦理学的相对论、目的论、功利论和道义论传统上的历史渊源及多样性发展 ,认为生态伦理学理论的多样性优于单一性并具有现实理论意义     

A study of coping behaviours and teacher burnout

This study investigated whether or not factors of teacher burnout were associated with adaptive and maladaptive coping behaviour. It was found, in a sample of 365 US (north Texas) school teachers, that many physical and psychological problems (e.g., stomach aches and depression) were related to teacher burnout factors. Furthermore, the data showed that certain maladaptive coping mechanisms (e.g., excessive alcohol consumption) were associated with higher teacher burnout, while adaptive coping strategies (e.g., hobbies) were related to lower burnout levels among school teachers. An association was also revealed between certain demographic factors (e.g., gender) and coping behaviour.     

推进浙江省师范院校教育信息化的建设性策略

本文阐述了教育信息化的内涵、意义、社会大环境和面对的情势 ,提出了推进浙江省师范院校教育信息化的六项建设性策略     

论环境伦理价值意义的哲学指向

环境伦理的取向与追求是确立一种境界,其价值意义的哲学指向通过人的精神表达的最高层级的反思方式来不断拓新理解人的本性的境域。实践活动形上关怀指向、关注未来人类生存命运指向、为人与自然和谐提供内在动力指向是对环境伦理价值意义的哲学指向进行探究的三个方面。     

数字技术在美澳幼儿教育中应用的伦理探索与启示

数字技术正逐渐成为幼儿成长过程中不可或缺的组成部分。已有研究和实践表明,如果技术使用有违伦理,很可能会对幼儿发展产生负面影响。通过对全美幼教协会与澳大利亚幼教协会发布的规范学前教育中技术应用的官方文件进行深入解读,发现应当从有益、适宜、有意三个方面,对0-8岁幼儿和数字技术的关系作出伦理规范和引导。美澳两所机构在制定官方报告上的经验对于我国幼教环境下的数字技术应用伦理建设提供了重要启示,我们需要加快制定幼教技术伦理规范的步伐,加强幼教专业伦理和科研伦理建设,提升幼儿和成人的数字素养,推动家校共同合作建设适宜幼儿发展的数字环境。     

阿拉伯帝国为何没能产生重商主义?

从比较经济史的角度看,重商主义的兴起为近代欧洲崛起、资本主义制度的确立奠定了基础;而阿拉伯帝国也曾具有某些发展重商主义的历史条件.社会结构的剧变导致经济模式的改变和重农主义的崛起."哈里发"制度既不能有效动员体制内力量进行国际竞争,又无法与体制外力量建立联盟--像西欧一样发展产业城市、市民阶层.反对重利的伊斯兰经济伦理与由利己主义衍生出的重商主义格格不入.所有这些物质和精神上的动因相互作用,共同决定了阿拉伯帝国难以发展出西方意义上的重商主义.     

Do Professional Sports Unions Fit the Standard Model of Traditional Unionism?

Current literature generally highlights the unique differences between sports and traditional unions. In particular, the contrast between the two types of unions’ approaches to the free market when it comes to wage determination—sports unions fought the “reserve clause” to obtain free market outcomes while traditional unions fought to circumvent the market for wages—has been widely cited. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the hitherto neglected comparisons between sports and traditional unions. With respect to both economic and non-economic issues, professional sports unions share far more in common with their traditional counterparts than the labor and sports economics literatures would lead one to believe.