浅析亚里士多德的幸福观

幸福问题是个万古常新的伦理学问题,许多哲学家都对“幸福”问题有过阐述,亚里士多德汲取了梭伦、毕达哥拉斯、德谟克利特以及柏拉图等哲学家关于幸福的思想,形成了自己独有的幸福观。在亚里士多德看来,幸福是最高的善,幸福是灵魂合乎德性的实践活动,幸福就是中道,幸福需要外在的善作为补充的,这些论述告诫人们,幸福可以通过努力获得的,幸福就是思辨的生活,幸福应该遵循“小我”与“大我”相统一的原则。本文试从亚里士多德幸福观的来源、内容及对当代生活的启示三个方面来阐述笔者对亚里士多德幸福观的理解。     

A Bioethics Approach to Social Work Practice With Transgender Clients

Increased advocacy for the informed consent model of transgender health care specifies that patients should be in control of access to receiving medical interventions such as hormone therapy or surgery. However, in practice, mental health clinicians, including clinical social workers, are increasingly called upon by medical providers to serve as gatekeepers for these processes. It is frequently the role of social workers to assess transgender clients’ baseline mental health and their understanding of the consequences of treatment, and to forward recommendations to medical providers regarding the readiness of patients to transition. Therefore, social workers assisting transgender clients must be aware of the ethical standards that are particularly pertinent to their work with this marginalized and oppressed population. They must also be prepared to address unique ethical dilemmas that may be especially challenging to resolve. In this article we apply the most commonly utilized bioethical framework known as Principlism to describe the ethical standards and values that are particularly important to consider when working with transgender clients, namely autonomy; beneficence; nonmaleficence; and social justice. Because clinical social workers are frequently in the position of balancing client self-determination with their role as gatekeepers, a framework for resolving resulting ethical dilemmas is described (I CARE) and applied to three case examples.     

Perceiving the other: hostile and danger attributions among Jewish and Arab social work students in Israel

The aim of the present paper is to examine the possible relations of hostile and danger attributions and cultural competence socialization. We conducted an empirical study based on a factorial survey, focusing on the significance of formal cultural competence classes and the ongoing interpersonal contact among members of majority and minority groups: Jewish and Arab social work students in an Israeli University. The experimental design manipulated variables of ethnicity, potential dangerousness, and potential intended harm, using vignettes. The results indicated that Arab students attribute more hostility to both Hebrew- and Arabic-speaking figures than their Jewish counterparts. Jews attributed more danger to Arabs, and Arabs attributed more dangerousness to Jews. The most striking finding is the significant and positive association between multicultural competence socialization and attribution of danger and hostility. The findings are discussed within the framework of ethnic and political conflicts in turbulent areas, anti-oppressive social work, and their implications to social work education.     

中国传统文化中的环境伦理思想初探

中国传统文化中蕴涵着丰富的环境伦理思想资源 ,对此进行挖掘梳理将有助于解决现代社会面临的可持续发展问题。基于这种认识 ,本文从环境伦理学的角度解读出“天人合一” ,“敬畏生命” ,“道法自然”等古代朴素观念中体现的具有现实价值的思想。另外 ,本文还考察了古代治国方略中渗透的环境伦理。     

如何在课堂上提高学生学习商务英语的兴趣

在商务英语课堂教学中,如果教师只是讲解课文,灌输理论,而学生被动听课,埋头记笔记,显然这种教学方法不适应新形势的发展需要,也无法激发学生学习商务英语的兴趣。因此本文基于笔者近几年商务英语教学改革的实践,从培养学生用所学商务知识转化为实际运用语言能力出发,探讨了如何在课堂上提高学生学习商务英语的兴趣。     

Morals, Ethics, and Integrity: How Codes of Conduct Contribute to Ethical Adult Education Practice

This article examines the similarities and differences in the concepts or in the usage of the terms “integrity”, “morals” and “ethics” to provide a framework for understanding why these concepts are the foundation of professional ethics and to promote a more thoughtful consideration of the need for codes of ethics for the field of adult education. The article reviews the original interpretations of these terms by the classic philosophers whose works are fundamental for a greater appreciation of contemporary ethics.     

从人力资源管理的新视角看专业课教学的育人功能

专业课教学对人才的培养起着举足轻重的作用。文章在深入分析专业课育人的必要性和可行性的基础上,从人力资源管理的角度论述了专业课教学在育人方面的作用,为充分发挥专业课的育人功能开辟了新的思路。     

宽恕的条件和界限——苦难意识、记忆理性和有限度的超越性

宽恕这个概念在20世纪的全球化交往与和解的要求中被普遍使用。但是，它所包含的矛盾逻辑并没有得到深刻反思。在揭示了宽恕概念的双重逻辑之后，德里达提出，宽恕不是交易，也不能限制在宽恕那些包含被宽恕可能性的过错和罪恶上。宽恕的真正含义是宽恕那些不可宽恕的。纯粹的宽恕是包含着差异的，也是有限的，它是做不可能做的事情。德里达对西方伦理和政治基本观念的解构，并非要放弃所有传统或提供一个绝对抽象的乌托邦，而是要使伦理和政治观念重新获得它们的现实能动性。     

Everyday Surveillance: Personal data and social classifications

Surveillance is no longer merely a matter of deliberate, individual scrutiny and consequent fears for personal privacy. It is an everyday experience, run by myriad agencies for multiple purposes and exempting no one. Surveillance is also an ambiguous process, the two faces of which must yet be seen in relation to each other. Numerous data - now including biometric, genetic and video data - are abstracted from embodied persons and manipulated to create profiles and risk categories in a networked, rhizomic system. The resulting classifications are intended to influence and to manage populations and persons. The choices and the chances of data-subjects are thus both directly and indirectly affected, but socio-technical surveillance systems are also affected by people complying with, negotiating or resisting surveillance.