Home sweet home? Home physical environment and inflammation in children

The home environment includes important social and physical contexts within which children develop. Poor physical home environments may be a potential source of stress for children through difficult daily experiences. Using a sub-sample from the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (N = 425), we consider how the home physical environment affects stress-related immune system dysregulation in children ages 3–18 years. Results indicated that children in poorer quality homes had higher inflammation (measured by C-reactive protein). The associations were particularly strong for younger children. We also found that part of the home physical environment association with CRP worked through increased risk of obesity for children living in low-quality homes. Future research should assess how home physical environments could be improved to reduce stress and improve health outcomes in children.     

《热河日记》中的康乾盛世

通过对《热河日记》中康乾年间中国清朝社会种种现实生活的记载和描写的分析,对朴趾源燕行所目睹的种种盛世景象进行解读,可以看出这部文学巨著是研究清史的重要史料。     

3W:华文文学的学科基础问题

海外华文文学学科要走向成熟,必须更好地解决三个基础性的问题,第一是弄清楚海外华文文学要研究些什么,第二是明确由谁来研究海外华文文学,第三是搞明白为谁而研究海外华文文学.海外华文文学,不能当作中国现当代文学的一部分来研究;相反,要关注它的既不同于中国文学而又介于中国文学和世界文学之间的那种身份,以及这种身份所包含的海外华人面临中西文化冲突时如何从自身的生存经验出发融合中西文化矛盾,从而获得不可或缺的精神支柱的独特经验.海外华文文学研究的主体存在着差异,所以包容的态度和宽容的精神十分必要.研究者要意识到各自的局限,不能包办华文文学研究.我们只能书写各自的华文文学史,所以贯彻和而不同的原则与坚持自己立场、坦率地表达个人意见这两者并不矛盾.     

光学实验中光电接收与微机显示研究

介绍了以CCD为光电接收器件,经模数（A/D）转换与微型计算机结合,把光学实验中一些细微和不明显的光学现象改变为直观的、可连续变化的图像在荧屏显示和测量的实验方法,认为这种实验方法较之传统的光学实验法更具先进性和优越性,且有利于多媒体的教学。     

Comparing measures of homicide trends: Methodological and substantive differences in the Vital Statistics and Uniform Crime Report time series (1933–1975)

Several Uniform Crime Reports (FBI) and Vital Statistics (NCHS) homicide time series for the United States, 1933–1975, are compared with respect to (a) definitions and collection procedures used; (b) differences in estimating procedures; and (c) substantive differences that result from use of either series. Among the findings from this investigation are that: (1) the sampling procedures employed by the NCHS appear to be superior to those of the FBI; (2) the FBI time series most commonly employed by researchers is discontinuous prior to 1958 due to revision procedures which were instituted at that time. Analyses over time periods which began prior to this year should employ a more accurate FBI time series which is published by the Office of Management and Budget (1973). (3) The specific time period under study may lead to different substantive conclusions with different indicators; (4) the results of statistical analyses of structural equation models contained herein indicate that while the difference is not generally statistically significant, the deterrent effect of execution is consistently estimated to be greater with the Vital Statistics series. This finding has important policy implications if estimates of the number of lives saved by executing prisoners are projected and utilized by policy makers. (5) Neither series indicates serious problems of autocorrelation of disturbances with the exogenous variables employed here; and (6) use of either series for the period after 1949 appears to produce the same substantive results.     

对我国现行税制若干问题的评析

现行税制中增值税和个人所得税及分税制管理体制在公平税负,控制税源,降低成本等方面存在不尽合理之外,为了降低成本,公平税负,控制税源,建议增值税采用简易征收的办法,个人所得税视纳税人具体情况区别对待,取消分税制。     

《中国小说史略》材料平议

鲁迅搜辑考订大量材料,为《中国小说史略》奠定深厚根基,但由于《古小说钩沉》、《唐宋传奇集》、《小说旧闻钞》的差异,导致《史略》内容上的不平衡性。因个人偏见造成对某些材料的排斥和忽略,则是严重的问题。     

从乌托邦到好社会——西方现代社会建设理念的演变

社会建设对于正在全面崛起的中国显得尤为迫切.本文以西方社会建设理论为基础,并首先追溯了西方"社会的发现"的历史背景,特别是现代性方案展开以来对于社会的理性化和浪漫化想象,接着分析了"极权政治"和"自我调节的市场体系"两种乌托邦对于西方社会乃至人类文明的破坏性作用,最后概述了当代西方学者有关"好社会"的主张.摒弃"总体社会"的意象、立足于经验现实的结构性限制来建构和谐美好社会,可以说是目前西方学界正在达成的共识.我们认为在各种"好社会"的纲领中,如何提升争扩充社会资本成为关键,而振兴和重建形式多样的"共同体"则是普遍认可的途径.     

中国铝业海外并购经济后果研究——以并购力拓为例

中国经济的持续发展需要从全球各地配置资源。跨国并购能降低海外供应商的谈判压力,但中国资源企业海外并购会带来怎样的经济后果？以中国铝业并购力拓为例,从资本市场的市场反应和财务指标变动趋势来检测该并购的经济后果。研究发现,在并购公告期间中国铝业的市场反应累计超常收益率跑输市场,投资者看空后市;从财务指标变动趋势发现其综合能力明显变弱。政府和企业都应为海外并购做好充足工作。     

从负罪感中解脱——石黑一雄<群山淡景>中的跨文化思考

石黑一雄的处女作《群山淡景》是一部构思精巧和充满现实关怀的小说。书中的3条线索表面看似互不相干,在主题层次上却紧密相连。由其多线并行的文本特征入手,揭示出小说巧妙的艺术构思。同时,作者"不带偏见"的跨文化思考为"国际化"写作赋予了新的内涵。作为一名日裔英籍作家,石黑一雄表现出了超越自身民族身份和国家身份的超然立场。他通过一个深受负罪感困扰的女人提出了东西方文化共同面临的道德困境。德国哲学家马丁.布伯阐述的"我与你"的思维方式或可成为人类摆脱这一困境的出路。