Extremal dependence tests for contagion

A new test for financial market contagion based on changes in extremal dependence defined as co-kurtosis and co-volatility is developed to identify the propagation mechanism of shocks across international financial markets. The proposed approach captures changes in various aspects of the asset return relationships such as cross-market mean and skewness (co-kurtosis) as well as cross-market volatilities (co-volatility). Monte Carlo experiments show that the tests perform well except for when crisis periods are short in duration. Small crisis sample critical values are calculated for use in this case. In an empirical application involving the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, the results show that significant contagion effects are widespread from the US banking sector to global equity markets and banking sectors through either the co-kurtosis or the co-volatility channels, reinforcing that higher order moments matter during crises.     

金融摩擦的测算与国际比较:基于DSGE乘数效应的分析

通过构建包含“金融加速器”和合约机制的动态随机一般均衡模型,提出一种测算金融摩擦的新方法。该方法以“金融加速器”理论为依据,通过货币冲击下的脉冲响应计算各国产出乘数和投资乘数,构建反映经济结构和资源禀赋的金融摩擦指标,并进行国际比较。通过数据模拟发现,各国产出和投资呈现明显乘数效应,且乘数效应在发达国家和发展中国家之间存在差异,为构建金融模型指标提供了依据。在货币政策冲击下,短期内金融摩擦与国家发展水平无关,体现出金融摩擦存在的普遍性;长期而言,发展中国家的金融摩擦程度高于发达国家,与发展中国家金融体系不成熟密切相关。相比其他发展中国家,中国的金融摩擦实际较低,体现出金融和信贷市场的相对有效性以及合理监管。提出的金融摩擦测算方法与现实经济运行具有一致性,有助于深刻理解金融摩擦与实体经济的关系。     

税收增长的动态回归模型分析

本文给出了税收增长的动态线性回归和动态非线性回归分析方法,对我国税收增长与国内生产总值之间的关系进行了分析。     

我国电信业对经济增长的影响及投入要素结构

通过采用索洛增长模型和投入产出表两种分析方法,对我国1979--2009年数据和1997、2002、2007年三个投入产出表进行分析。研究结果显示,全要素生产率（TFP）对我国电信业产出的贡献总体上呈波动上升走势,目前超过40％;当前,电信业自身投入要素结构持续优化、软化,处于全要素生产率的贡献超越资本贡献的窗口期。同时,电信业作为信息要素的基本载体或国民经济的广义技术进步软要素之一,可以替代1／5的资本或劳动硬要素投入,约占了涵盖各行各业及各种技术进步要素在内的广义技术进步要素贡献的1／4。此外印证了电信业存在从中间使用型生产服务业向最终需求型基础产业逐渐演进的迹象、投资乘数较大等观点。     

分数阶积分-微分方程的迭代解法

介绍了分数阶积分-微分方程和变分迭代法,并利用变分迭代法求解Caputo型分数阶积分-微分方程,从而表明变分迭代法能很好的求解分数阶积分-微分方程.     

电子支付工具发展与货币乘数时效性分析

电子支付工具的普及与发展改变了人们的生活,同时对传统金融理论带来了极大的挑战.文章在推导电子支付体系下货币乘数公式的基础上,选取中国电子支付工具的相关样本数据建立计量经济模型,对电子支付工具与货币乘数的相关性进行了统计检验.实证结果表明,电子支付工具扩大了货币乘数,且缩短了货币乘数实现的时滞.为此,央行通过控制基础货币从而控制流动性的货币政策时效性将会加强,对此应有充分的估计.     

企业投资决策同伴效应及其特征的实证检验——基于中国上市公司的面板数据

企业投资的同伴效应是指企业的投资行为受到其参照组内同伴投资的影响。为解决识别同伴效应时面临的参照组有效性问题以及企业决策互相影响的联立性问题，本文选择跨区域的同行业企业作为同伴企业，首次构建了同伴企业的同区域跨行业企业的投资均值作为工具变量，基于2008-2015年中国上市公司的面板数据，实证检验了上市企业投资决策的同伴效应。结果表明，中国上市企业投资决策受到跨区域同行业的同伴企业投资显著正向影响，且这种同伴效应在增减变动方向上具有不对称性和乘数效应的基本特征。本文拓展和深化了企业财务决策同伴效应的现有研究，并有助于投资者与监管部门理解同伴效应的放大作用。     

New calibration estimator in stratified sampling

This paper develops the theory of calibration estimation and proposes calibration approach alternative to existing calibration estimators for estimating population mean of the study variable using auxiliary variable in stratified sampling. The theory of new calibration estimation is given and optimum weights are derived. A simulation study is carried out to performance of the proposed calibration estimator with other existing calibration estimators. The results reveal that the proposed calibration estimators are more efficient than Tracy et al., Singh et al., Singh calibration estimators of the population mean.     

Approximations to the p-values of tests for a change-point under non-standard conditions

Three test statistics for a change-point in a linear model, variants of those considered by Andrews and Ploberger [Optimal tests when a nusiance parameter is present only under the alternative. Econometrica. 1994;62:1383–1414]: the sup-likelihood ratio (LR) statistic; a weighted average of the exponential of LR-statistics and a weighted average of LR-statistics, are studied. Critical values for the statistics with time trend regressors, obtained via simulation, are found to vary considerably, depending on conditions on the error terms. The performance of the bootstrap in approximating p-values of the distributions is assessed in a simulation study. A sample approximation to asymptotic analytical expressions extending those of Kim and Siegmund [The likelihood ratio test for a change-point in simple linear regression. Biometrika. 1989;76:409–423] in the case of the sup-LR test is also assessed. The approximations and bootstrap are applied to the Quandt data [The estimation of a parameter of a linear regression system obeying two separate regimes. J Amer Statist Assoc. 1958;53:873–880] and real data concerning a change-point in oxygen uptake during incremental exercise testing and the bootstrap gives reasonable results.