农业文化遗产的内涵及保护中应注意把握的八组关系

关于农业文化遗产的内涵及如何保护,学者及社会各界众说纷纭,莫衷一是。文章在梳理前 人相关研究和国际比较的基础上, 提出了农业文化遗产的完整概念及它与联合国粮农组织(FAO)“全 球重要农业遗产"(GIAHS)的区别。将农业文化遗产划分为十个大类,界定了各类农业遗产的特征与特 点。在结合国内外农业文化遗产保护实践的基础上,总结归纳了农业文化遗产保护过程中应当注意把 握的八组关系,即传统农业与现代农业的关系、遗产保护与农民利益的关系、生产功能与文化功能的关 系、保护主体与多方协调的关系、理论研究与实践推进的关系、现实保护与记忆留存的关系、政策导向与 制度建设的关系及保护主体与社会大众的关系, 提出了一些加强农业文化遗产保护的具体对策和 建议。     

抗日文学光环掩盖下的文革

何顿的抗日题材长篇小说《来生再见》,其写作的重心不在抗日,而在文革;作家关注的不是历史,而是普通人在极端政治条件下人性的挣扎。生存环境险恶严酷的抗战时期,主人公黄抗日能够应用自己的生存哲学虎口脱身,回到家中安静地生活;但在文革的政治环境下,他却被逼得装疯、吃屎,家破人亡,生活、人格肢解得体无完肤。作品通过这种对比竖起了一座文革无字碑,形成对文革无言的控诉。     

Making Sense of Organizational Change: Voices of Older Volunteers

The role of voluntary and community sector organizations in the delivery of public services is increasing and these changes bring new responsibilities and benefits to organizations that have the capacity to participate. There are concerns within the sector about the implications for citizenship and participation. The sector is highly dependent on volunteers yet little is known about how organizational change in response to new relationships with the statutory sector impact upon the commitment and well-being of people who volunteer. This paper addresses that gap in knowledge for older volunteers. Drawing upon collaborative research with a voluntary organization in the north of England, the authors explore the meanings and aspirations of volunteering for older people, and explain how and why changes associated with closer engagement with public service delivery and less grant dependency can be disempowering for them.

Developing critical and empathic capabilities in intercultural education through the VaKE approach

One of the core goals of intercultural education is to develop critical and empathic reflection on social justice, particularly as related to humanistic choices and how individuals can counteract exclusion. The present article analyses the Values and Knowledge Education (VaKE) approach, which is aimed at raising awareness about implicit value-oriented priorities in decision-making. Through the Human Development and Capability Approach, the applicability of VaKE’s didactic principles is analysed in relation to young people’s perspectives on resettlement in Europe. The VaKE method was used at a 2013 summer camp in Austria with a culturally diverse group of young Europeans who were presented with a dilemma story that highlighted the complex issue of providing assistance to asylum seekers. The participants engaged in various knowledge and moral viability checks that enabled them to engage with opposing arguments. The participants evidenced critical reflection and self-scrutiny, as well as affiliation and empathic imagination, regarding problems that are encountered by asylum seekers.     

Trauma management: Chernobyl in Belarus and Ukraine

Although the Chernobyl nuclear disaster happened in the Soviet Union in 1986, we still do not know how the most affected states – Ukraine and Belarus – have managed this tragedy since independence. Drawing on the concept of cultural trauma, this article compares Chernobyl narratives in Belarus and Ukraine over the past 28 years. It shows that national narratives of Chernobyl differ, representing the varying ways in which the state overcomes trauma. Our understanding of post‐communist transformations can be improved by analysing trauma management narratives and their importance for new national identity construction. These narratives also bring new insights to our vision of cultural trauma by linking it to ontological insecurity. The article demonstrates how the state can become an arena of trauma process as it commands material and symbolic resources to deal with trauma. In general, it contributes to a better understanding of how the same traumatic event can become a source of solidarity in one community, but a source of hostility in another.     

试析回族清真寺"清真"嵌字联对"清真"的文化阐释

对于一种文化而言,文化的主体始终肩负着对自己文化的认知与表述。回族清真寺“清真”嵌字联对于清真二字的文化表述,就是回族人对自己文化的自我认知与阐释,是文化适融与创新的表现,值得我们作进一步的探讨。本文在大量回族清真寺清真嵌字联的基础上,从十个方面分析与归纳了清真嵌字联对清真的文化阐释,是对清真文化认识的深化。     

英汉习语的民族文化特点探源

习语作为一种特殊的语言形式,是人民大众口头上习用的定型词组或短句。它们是相沿已久、约定俗成、具有完整而独特意义的词语。英汉两个民族在长期的劳动中创作了大量的习语,但由于民族文化的不同,使用亦不同。通过比较英汉两个民族在地理环境、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、历史典故等几个方面的文化差异来探讨英汉习语之间的民族文化特点。     

英语教学中的文化渗透

英语国家社会文化和汉语文化存在着很大差异,在英语教学中,不但要教会学生英语语言本身,也要传授给学生英语语言中所承载的社会文化内涵,使学生学到真正地道的英语,从而真正达到文化交流的目的。     

论英语语言使用中的时空美学意义

时间概念和空间概念,与语言的使用有着千丝万缕的联系。就英语语言而论,它在表达、反映现实的过程中,会利用时空上的概念,与现实拉开距离,使人产生种种联想和思维跨越,从而实现相应的美学意义。语言在实现表达功能的同时,传达着重要的美学信息。     

从伊斯兰文明看文化自觉

伊斯兰教在伊斯兰文明中占有支配性的地位,伊斯兰文明具有政教合一、复古倾向、文化统一性以及因强大的适应能力导致的多样性和区域化倾向等文化特点。对于中国穆斯林中的回族而言,文化自觉包括对中华文明和儒家文化的研究,对伊斯兰文明的研究,以及对西方文明的研究。对于伊斯兰文明的研究,特别需要关注伊斯兰文明的网络结构以及伊斯兰文明对于当代社会的适应性。文化自觉的意识源自危机和危机感。近代以来中华文明和伊斯兰文明所面临的生存危机,必须从文明内部寻找原因,并从内部和外部全方位寻找解决的办法。在这一过程中,中华文明的文化自觉可以从中国伊斯兰文化和域外伊斯兰文化中受益。