自动窗帘远程控制系统

针对目前自动窗帘需要通过按钮或遥控器且只能实现近程控制的现状,提出了一种以STM32F103芯片为核心, 结合Wi-Fi通信技术和互联网技术,能够简单有效地对自动窗帘进行远程控制的解决方案。方案采用模块化的设计思 路,重点分析了系统无线通信模块、继电器模块、按键模块、电源保护和电平转换模块的设计过程,介绍了系统的基本工 作原理和操作方法,设计了基于TCP通信协议的服务端和客户端软件以通过互联网或者个人移动设备实现窗帘的远程 控制。实际结果表明,该方案可以应用于家居或办公环境,具有稳定性高、操作简单等特点。     

基于分布式结构的铁路工程建设信息管理系统

为适应铁路工程建设中信息管理的要求 ,在现代铁路建设中引入BPR、MRP等先进管理思想 ,以WindowsDNA技术设计开发出一种基于网络的信息管理系统 ,系统采用了全局数据库管理系统结构 ,降低了系统的构建及维护成本。最后 ,给出了系统的物料管理子系统的逻辑结构示意图 ,并列出构建该系统的主要程序段。     

Does inflation targeting lower inflation and spur growth?

Over the last few decades several countries have turned to inflation targeting as a policy choice for instilling stability into their economies. Prior studies have shown that inflation targeting has reduced inflation in those countries without significantly impacting GDP. This study seeks to improve upon these results by identifying the impact of timing on the policy decision as well as its impact as related to specific regions of the world. The focus is on developing countries across six regions. We find significant regional variation in developing countries in our sample in terms of the direction of changes in inflation following a switch to the inflation targeting policy. Moreover, although the impact of inflation targeting on real GDP is minimal overall, there is a statistically significant increase in real GDP among developing countries in certain regions only, namely, Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.     

Half a century of empirical evidence of business cycles in OECD countries

This paper presents evidence regarding the existence of common business cycles in OECD countries. More specifically, the paper examines the extent to which these cycles relate to each other over time. Business cycle components of output are extracted by adopting the Hodrick–Prescott, Baxter–King and the Christiano–Fitzgerald filters. The degree of business cycle co-movements is determined by evaluating the cross-correlation of the cyclical components of output in selected countries. We also implement the bound-testing approach proposed by Pesaran, Shin and Smith (2001) to investigate the long-run and short-run relations among the business cycle components of output. The study covers the period from 1960 to 2010. The empirical results suggest that there are two distinct cycles in the OECD countries: the Euro-area cycle, which includes the business cycles of Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Austria and Belgium, and the world cycle, which consists of the business cycles of the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.     

Some tests for uniformity of circular distributions powerful against multimodal alternatives

The author introduces new statistics suited for testing uniformity of circular distributions and powerful against multimodal alternatives. One of them has a simple expression in terms of the geometric mean of the sample of chord lengths. The others belong to a family indexed by a continuous parameter. The asymptotic distributions under the null hypothesis are derived. We compare the power of the new tests against Stephens's alternatives with those of Ajne, Watson, and Hermans‐Rasson's tests. Some of the new tests are the most powerful when the alternative has three or four modes. A heuristic justification of this feature is given. An application to the analysis of archaeological data is provided. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 38:80–96; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada     

The sovereign crisis and Italy’s potential output

We evaluate the effects of the European sovereign crisis on Italian potential output (natural output, in the absence of nominal rigidities) by simulating a New Keynesian model. Our results are as follows. First, the 2011–2013 recession subtracted 1.6 percentage points from potential output growth and widened the output gap. Second, the 2013 reforms limited the reduction in output capacity to 1.4 points and enhanced long-run growth by 3. Third, once a balanced budget is achieved in the medium term, reductions in either labor or capital income taxes would boost potential output growth by 0.2 points per year.     

The trinity of wage setting in EMU: A policy proposal

Diverging labor cost developments are often considered to be one of the most important factors that led to large current account imbalances in the euro area (EA) in the run-up to the global financial crisis. It has also been shown that wage growth differentials have significantly lowered the co-movement of EA countries’ business cycles – the most widely used meta-criterion for optimum currency areas. Against this background, this paper develops a wage-setting benchmark that aims to keep the economy in internal equilibrium and to maintain price stability, while it also exhibits the capacity to correct for external imbalances. The proposed wage benchmark is very simple and may serve as an anchor for the macroeconomic dialogue in Economic and Monetary Union. In order to demonstrate the potentially beneficial effects of such a wage benchmark we present some simulations showing how current account balances and labor costs would have developed across EA countries if the rule had served as a benchmark already in the run up to the crisis.     

Financial frictions and indebtedness of Balkan firms: A comparison with Mediterranean and Central European countries

Using a large database of financial data for non-financial corporations, we study the process of debt accumulation and its influence on liquidity through the boom-bust-recovery regimes (2006–2010) in the Balkan countries and benchmark this against the Mediterranean and Central European countries. The domestic amplification effects (through the financial accelerator and collateral pricing) of both the capital surge from developed EU countries at the onset of the crisis and the capital reversal afterwards are the focus of the analysis. We show that domestic generators and amplificators of the crisis have much larger effects in the Balkan countries than in the Mediterranean countries, not to mention the countries of Central Europe. In the boom period, the financial accelerator was several times stronger in the Balkan countries than in the Mediterranean and Central European countries. In the bust and recovery periods, however, the direct effects of the financial accelerator declined, but the indirect effects increased considerably due to liquidity squeezes and contagion, especially strong were corresponding intercompany debt effects. In the Balkan countries, these effects in the bust and recovery periods were at least 50% larger than in the Mediterranean and Central European countries. Higher crisis costs in the Balkan countries, relative to the benchmark regions, could be attributed to the late integration of these economies into international financial and trade flows, weak institutions of financial intermediation, and inexperienced regulators; however, the importance of the contribution of misguided EU convergence doctrine cannot be ignored. Lessons for improving macromanagement in EU periphery countries are suggested.     

Periods and structural breaks in US economic history 1959-2007

Principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to six macroeconomic time series observed over 1959-2007. Six periods in US economic history are identified by a cluster analysis of observations in the PCA score plot. The method is data driven with no a priori information on the number or dates of breaks. Our findings give independent support to the effect of the oil price shock in 1973, and the introduction of the Great Moderation period. Of the five transition periods, two have been identified by previous studies as breaks (1973, 1984), one is a well-known date of monetary policy change (1979), and two had not previously been identified (1970, 1977-1978). In the long-run inflation and the federal funds rate are unrelated to industrial production and unemployment. Inflation and interest are positively associated as predicted by the Fisher hypothesis. These long-run relations argue against the use of monetary policy to peg the rate of unemployment or real interest rates. In the short-run inflation acts a leading indicator for unemployment for the period 1959-1997, but not for the period after 1997. The well-established reduction in macroeconomic volatility in the mid-1980s is specific to the period from 1985 to 1997; volatility subsequently rises above pre-1979 levels.     

纯电动汽车绝缘监测系统

建立一种绝缘电阻检测原理模型,设计了1套以偏置电阻接入电路为主体的绝缘监测系统。系统采用STM32F107VC单片机为主控制芯片,采用电阻分压和偏置电阻的切换实现电压值的采集。在Keil uVISION4编译环境下运用C语言完成绝缘监测系统的软件设计。系统能够实时判定纯电动汽车绝缘电阻是否符合国家安全标准值,并可及时发出报警并切断高压回路以保证乘客的人身安全和财产安全。