南京国民政府的省政府合署办公问题探析

20世纪30年代初,南京国民政府因应省制改革之需要,实行省政府合署办公的行政制度改革,先是在五省试行,然后逐渐推广到多数省份,达到了经费节省、人员减少、责任明确、政令统一和行政效率提高的效果。但是省政府合署办公问题不可能扭转南京国民政府的政治制度局限。     

简论《英国工人阶级状况》的阶级伦理思想

恩格斯《英国工人阶级状况》一文揭示了英国工人阶级和资产阶级的道德面貌及其产生的原因和发展的基本规律。对我们正确认识社会主义市场经济背景下的中国社会道德状况、建设社会主义精神文明、构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的现实指导意义。     

工作经验一定有助于创业过程吗:基于工作内嵌入的分析

国内外大量研究发现,工作经验对创业过程起着重要的促进作用。但是以往研究尚无法解释为什么有工作经历的创业者创业的成功率存在巨大差异的问题。基于此,本文借鉴人力资源管理领域的工作嵌入模型,运用美国创业动态跟踪研究(Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics I,简称PSEDI)的调查数据,运用多元回归分析方法对创业者先前的工作内嵌入对创业活动的集中性和创业周期长短的影响进行了实证分析,发现创业者的先前工作经验可能导致创业活动分散和创业活动周期延长。该结论更为全面地解释了工作经验对创业过程的影响机理,同时也有助于启发有创业打算和创业潜力的个体合理地利用以往的工作经验,提高创业活动的成功率。     

高职院校CAD/CAM类课程整合研究

针对目前机制专业人才培养中由于CAD/CAM 技能培养目标分解到独立的课程单元而造成的课程内容重复、课时浪费以及学生综合CAD/CAM 技能的割裂问题，提出了一种高职机制专业CAD/CAM 类课程整合方案。以工作过程为导向对CAD/CAM 综合课程进行了宏观、中观与微观设计，通过教学实践表明CAD/CAM 类课程整合符合学生的认知规律，有利于培养机制专业学生适应CAD/CAM 岗位需求的综合职业能力。     

The distinction between work pace and working hours in the measurement of quantitative demands at work

During recent years many researchers have criticized the widely used scales on psychological job demands. For instance, they comment that in most cases different types of demand seem to be mixed in one measure. In this paper we analyse the scale on quantitative job demands in the recently developed Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), with special emphasis on Differential Item Functioning (DIF). DIF refers to basic differences between groups of respondents, which may affect how they respond to questionnaire items. The data material for our study comprised a representative sample of Danish employees. The respondents were categorized into 32 specific jobs according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 1968). We analysed DIF with respect to the respondents' jobs with logistic regression analyses. These analyses showed that the items used in the original demand scale functioned very differently for different jobs in the population. The conclusion is that scales on quantitative demands are very sensitive to the choice of specific items. If many items on fast work pace and tempo are included in a scale, a number of blue-collar jobs will be identified as high-demand jobs. If, on the other hand, many questions on long working hours and overtime are included, the use of the scale will result in an entirely different picture. This issue has so far received little attention in occupational health psychology. The results have wide theoretical and methodological implications for research on quantitative job demands.     

零基教学课时设计在专业课程教育中的运用

文章借助管理会计中的零基预算 ,指出应采用零基教学课时设计方法 ,在高校专业课程教学知识点的课时占用中进行课时分配 ,并为零基教学课时设计给出了具体的操作方法     

论计划生育工作“两个转变”

本文较详细地阐述了计划生育工作实现工作思路和工作方法“两个转变”的重大意义     

Temporary Transnational Youth Migration and its Mobility Links

Going abroad to live, work, or study for a period when young has become increasingly widespread. An important aspect of this development is the longer-term consequences for mobility at the individual and population levels. The present article explores the specific connections – the ‘mobility links’ – between temporary stays abroad and other mobility events in the early life course. The paper is based on a retrospective study of transnational moves and mobility among young adults in Gothenburg, Sweden. The results identify two main forms of consequential mobility: first, ‘secondary’ travel during the stay between two places linked by a move and, second, patterns of regular travel back to the place of temporary stay in following years, mainly because of new social ties formed.     

The distinction between work pace and working hours in the measurement of quantitative demands at work

During recent years many researchers have criticized the widely used scales on psychological job demands. For instance, they comment that in most cases different types of demand seem to be mixed in one measure. In this paper we analyse the scale on quantitative job demands in the recently developed Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), with special emphasis on Differential Item Functioning (DIF). DIF refers to basic differences between groups of respondents, which may affect how they respond to questionnaire items. The data material for our study comprised a representative sample of Danish employees. The respondents were categorized into 32 specific jobs according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 1968). We analysed DIF with respect to the respondents’ jobs with logistic regression analyses. These analyses showed that the items used in the original demand scale functioned very differently for different jobs in the population. The conclusion is that scales on quantitative demands are very sensitive to the choice of specific items. If many items on fast work pace and tempo are included in a scale, a number of blue-collar jobs will be identified as high-demand jobs. If, on the other hand, many questions on long working hours and overtime are included, the use of the scale will result in an entirely different picture. This issue has so far received little attention in occupational health psychology. The results have wide theoretical and methodological implications for research on quantitative job demands.     

Negotiating the Superfund: Are Environmental Protection Agency regional officials willing to bargain with states?

Negotiation and bargaining are important activities in the implementation of intergovernmental public policies. Given the design of environmental policy, intergovernmental negotiations are an essential part of the interaction of environmental program managers. This study examines the willingness of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regional officials to bargain with their state counterparts in the national Superfund program. A model of working relationships is developed to analyze the negotiating behavior of regional EPA officials. The findings of this study indicate that both strategic (trust, involvement) and structural (relations with EPA headquarters, state program capacity, and state political context) factors are associated with whether or not regional officials are willing to negotiate with state-level administrators. The implications of these findings for the national Superfund program, the larger context of intergovernmental management, and larger themes in public administration are discussed in the conclusion of this paper.