Population-level analysis on reduction in equilibrium population size of the azuki bean beetle

Summary Responses of laboratory population of the azuki bean beetleCallosobruchus chinensis to temperature conditions of 30°C and 32°C are compared. Equilibrium population size was found to be lower at 32°C. A one-generation process examined by reproduction-curve experiments is divided into two consecutive life stages specified by different habitats, i.e., outside and inside beans. Modified logistic difference equations are used to describe these population-level responses at each life stages. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine parameters of importance, thus determining the main cause of the reduced equilibrium population size at 32°C. The reduction resulted from the decrease in maximum population size of emerged adults which have experienced inside-bean process. The application and limitation of this population-level analysis to different levels are discussed.     

Comparative studies on the seasonal occurrence, nymphal development and food menu in two giant water bugs,Diplonychus japonicus vuillefroy andDiplonychus major esaki (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae)

Summary We compared the seasonal changes in population density and nymphal development at different water temperatures and under different food conditions between two giant water bugs,Diplonychus japonicus andD. major, in Okayama, Japan. D. japonicus produced 1–2 generations a year, whileD. major was strictly inivoltine. The developmental velocity was higher inD. japonicus than inD. major. The thermal constant ofD. japonicus was less than that ofD. major. These results suggest thatD. japonicus is adapted, to higher water temperature thanD. major. In the field,D. japonicus preyed predominately on Lymnaeidae and Physidae snails, whileD. major preyed on aquatic insects such as dragonfly nymphs.     

多板纲动物的不同保存方法对基因组DNA提取的影响

为了探讨最佳的适合提取DNA的石鳖样本保方法,以日本花棘石鳖Liolophura japonica、日本宽板石鳖Placiphorella japonica、红条毛肤石鳖Acanthochiton ruhrolineatus、平濑锦石鳖Onithochiton hirasei、网纹鬃毛石鳖Mopalia retifera为实验材料,对其分别以甲醛浸泡、95%乙醇浸泡、-75℃超低温保存的样本进行基因组DNA提取.通过紫外分光光度计、琼脂糖凝胶电泳对DNA产物进行检测.结果表明：新鲜材料和用乙醇保存的样品比用-75℃超低温保存的样品提取出的DNA纯度和浓度都高,用甲醛浸泡的方法保存没有提取出DNA.结果表明,超低温保存适合用于DNA提取.但是由于条件限制,长距离外采集样本时适合于用乙醇保存,并且成本较低.     

井下节流气井的生产动态预测

以单井开采系统为研究对象,采用温度、压力解耦建模与数值耦合方式,以井口油压为控制条件,通过油嘴控制流量和下游温度,建立井下节流气井的井筒-气藏流动耦合的生产动态预测模型,利用试井解释结果或生产动态历史拟合,预测气井的生产流量、压力变化,同时描述生产过程中的井筒非线性温度剖面、压力剖面,从而全面掌握节流气井的生产动态,并可进一步扩展应用于多相流动和复杂井眼轨迹情况。     

船坞工程中坞墩施工关键技术

山船重工西区造船坞工程具有结构复杂、工程量大、工期紧迫等特点,为此在船坞坞墩施工过程中采取了一系列关键控制技术:具体包括坞墩结构合理分块、分层;混凝土施工时间与结构分层间歇期控制;减少结构侧面约束的模板工艺;坞墩混凝土内散热孔设置与块石埋设;混凝土养护与测温控制等。实施效果达到了整个船坞不渗、不漏、不裂,混凝土表观质量良好。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物CMR效应温度敏感性研究

综述了国内外对钙钛矿锰氧化物研究进展;阐述了钙钛矿锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应温度敏感性研究现状及存在问题;从理论上分析实现钙钛矿锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应温度稳定性的途径。     

A 14-h night-shift in the control room of a fire brigade

Abstract

All 29 operators in the control room of a fire brigade performed test sessions during work and leisure time at 2-h intervals on a day with a 14-h night-shift, a day off and a day with a 10-h morning shift. The test sessions consisted of a visual search choice reaction time test and two Sternberg memory search tests (1 or 5 letters had to be memorized). Furthermore, the operators recorded their oral temperature and their subjective alertness before each test session. The subject also kept a diary of work and sleep times for 14 days. The circadian rhythm of body temperature was hardly changed by a single night-shift. Parallel to the body temperature, the subjective alertness fell significantly during the night-shift reaching a minimum value at 06:00 h. The mean reaction times increased non-significantly at the end of the night-shift and the results of the two Sternberg memory search tests showed no significant trends. The sleep of the operators after the night-shift was on average reduced to 5 hs 34 min. The results of subjective rating of alertness and reaction time test are interpreted as effects of the combined influences of circadian rhythmicity, sleep loss and time on professional task. Most results support the conclusion that a 14-h night-shift without extensive breaks is not acceptable.     

钙钛矿锰氧化物为基体的二相复合体低场室温高磁电阻研究

综述了国内外对钙钛矿锰氧化物为基体的二相复合体低场磁电阻研究现状,提出了钙钛矿锰氧化物低场室温高磁电阻实现的新途径。     

青藏铁路高性能混凝土组成设计研究

根据青藏铁路环境特点,分析了低温早强耐久防腐高性能混凝土的技术要求,重点对原材料选择和依据正交试验优化混凝土配合比等进行了介绍,依据本文方法设计的混凝土配合比完全满足施工及规范要求。     

高温超导直线电动机技术(英文)

随着高温超导材料制备技术的进步,应用高温超导块材和带材研制开发直线电动机已具备了核心技术基础。该文总结了已研制出的高温超导直线电动机类型,并建立了它们的结构模型。应用磁场有限元方法,研究了这些不同类型高温超导直线电动机的电磁特性,并设计了实际模型装置进行了试验验证。通过高温超导直线电动机在磁悬浮车及电磁飞机弹射器等交通运输领域中的应用分析,验证了高温超导直线电动机技术在实际应用当中的潜在优越性。