浅议信息化条件下的基层税收征管

信息化条件下提高基层税收征管水平实质上是一场基层管理方式的革命。对此,必须通过依托税收信息化的支撑找准管理与服务、业务与技术的最佳契合点,消除重复无效的管理活动,使管理理念趋于现代化、征管模式实现集约化、管理过程确保精细化、职能配置到达专业化、征管手段实现数据化、信息共享达到社会化,最终实现基层税收征管工作的最优化扣水平的提高。     

科学实在论对科学本体论的构建

本文从夏佩尔的经验主义和信念总和的本体论 ,普特南的逼真实在论和指称语义学本体论及邦格精确的系统的唯物主义的构建 ,阐述现代科学本体论的合理之处和进步。科学本体论与传统本体论不同之处就在于不预先设定世界的实在性 ,而是求解它是什么。从传统思辨的立场转向实证的立场 ,这是科学本体论主要特点之一。我们时代建立起来的本体论都依据科学 ,并随之发展     

Supporting individuals in group decision-making

Pooling of different resources is typical among the member countries of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance participating in joint large-scale construction projects. The problem faced by the members of the Council is to decide, how much of various resources each country should contribute to a construction project. In this paper we present a general approach to supporting individuals involved in such negotiations. We formulate the problem as a multiple criteria/multiple decision-maker model and use our approach to finding a compromise solution for the resource pooling problem within the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance. The approach is implemented on a computer, tested and illustrated using a prototypical example.     

二维非连续边界元分析积分计算的精确表达式

以二维弹性力学问题为研究对象，采用线性非连续元离散边界积分方程，给出了系数矩阵计算的精确表达式，对二维弹性力学问题进行了数值计算，对非连续边界元配位点对计算结果精度的影响进行了讨论，结果表明准奇异积分计算是配位点影响计算结构精度的主要因素。     

“工程图学”双语教学的探索

本文分析了工程制图教学中运用双语教学的必要性和对教师、学生等诸环节的要求 ,编制了实施双语教学的程序并对工程制图的双语教学进行设计尝试 ,最后对工程制图实施双语教学的一些关键性问题进行了探讨和研究。     

语义理解、语境分析与翻译措词

语义理解与语境分析在翻译表达的过程中是首先遇到并应当处理好的两个重要方面。本文将把语义理解、语境分析运用到翻译措词的研究之中 ,通过具体的实例来说明如下的结论 :语义理解准确才能够译对 ;语境分析无误才能译通     

精准扶贫主体的行动逻辑

扶贫资源在从上到下的传递过程中极易出现“瞄不准”和“瞄不久”现象:村民在扶贫实践中处于被动接受地位,导致扶贫资源在传递过程中层层偏离;县乡政府追求自身政绩和经济效益最大化,依托资源优势影响扶贫信息及资源传递;村干部为完善乡村治理利用亲缘关系影响贫困户识别结果。因此,探索长效脱贫机制激发贫困者的内生发展能力;优化贫困者在资源分配过程中位置;转变基层政府在扶贫实践中所扮演的角色,真正成为扶贫实践工作中的协作者;健全多元扶贫监督机制及扶贫绩效评价体系成为了新时期推进精准扶贫工作亟待解决的问题。     

Letters to the Editor

Quantitative graphics have been central to the development of science, and statistical graphics date from the earliest attempts to analyze data. Many familiar forms, including bivariate plots, statistical maps, bar charts, and coordinate paper, were used in the 18th century. Statistical graphics developed through attention to four problems: spatial organization (17th and 18th centuries), discrete comparison (18th and early 19th centuries), continuous distribution (19th century), and multivariate distribution and correlation (late 19th and early 20th centuries). Today, statistical graphics appear to be reemerging as an important analytic tool, with recent innovations exploiting computer graphics and related technologies.     

A Review of Eight Statistics Software Packages for General Use

Eight statistical software packages for general use by non-statisticians are reviewed. The packages are GraphPad Prism, InStat, ISP, NCSS, SigmaStat, Statistix, Statmost, and Winks. Summary tables of statistical capabilities and “usability” features are followed by discussions of each package. Discussions include system requirements, data import capabilities, statistical capabilities, and user interface. Recommendations, based on user needs and sophistication, are presented following the reviews.     

民办高等教育必须走可持续发展之路

本文以民办高等教育的可持续发展为主线，探讨了政府应该更新观念、转变职能；建议民办高校为未来的发展准确定位，并为此创造相应的条件；鼓励全社会都来关心、支持民办高等教育的发展。