Exploring gaps in the online economic inclusion of persons with disabilities in Korea

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the difference in the online economic activities of people with and without disabilities in Korea. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to investigate the impact of socioeconomic characteristics, internet access, and internet skills on online economic activities. Our sample, based on a 2016 dataset that included 1554 people with disabilities and 6004 people without disabilities, was developed using quota sampling based on gender, age, and residence. We determined that individuals with disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they had higher levels of education, lived in urban areas, were employed, or had greater internet skills. Individuals without disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they were women, had higher levels of education, were employed, lived in a two-generation or more household, or had greater internet skills. For both people with and without disabilities, the level of education, employment status, and internet skills positively contribute to online economic activites. We also determined that education level, participation in economic activity, living in a two-generation or more household, and internet skills had a statistically significant influence on online economic activity for people both with and without disabilities. These results highlight the importance of education and internet training for people with disabilities, as well as social support systems that help them learn to use the internet in diverse ways through both formal and informal networks. The study also underscores the importance of information and communications technology that adequately addresses people’s needs.     

累积的异质性：生命历程视角下的老年人分化

本文以生命历程理论为研究视角，以深度访谈的方法收集老年人“主诉”的关于过去的生活资料，试图通过对个人能动性与生命历程时间性的强调，来分析个体生命历程与社会变迁的相互嵌入过程，以及这一过程中不断分化的内部机制。研究发现，老化的过程是一个随时间推移不断累积与分化的过程，累积因素的先后顺序对个体之间的分化具有重要意义，累积是生命历程资本遭遇生命历程风险的结果，是社会结构与个人能动性相互作用的动态过程，其中社会政策的变迁对累积过程具有决定性的影响。     

浅谈高校专业课教学质量的优化

结合教学实践 ,从学生学习心理、教师的要求、专业课教学方法改革、课堂教学艺术、实验课教学、理论课备课、批改作业、因材施教等几个方面出发 ,并结合当前科学技术发展现状 ,就当前形式下如何提高专业课教学质量 ,进行了探讨。     

"七新"--思想品德课程创新之路

高等院校开设的思想品德课是对大学生系统进行思想政治教育的主渠道和主阵地，为了提高教学效果，增强思想政治教育的实效性和针对性，思想品德课的教学必须与时俱进，开拓创新。文章就思想品德课程的教学体系，教学内容，教学方法等七个方面提出创新的思路和方法。     

高校思想政治理论课教学环节优化探析

提高高校思想政治理论课的教学实效,必须依据教学的基本规律和要求,在理论与实践两个方面对思想政治课的各个教学环节加以优化整合,并应用于课堂教学实践。教学环节的优化主要包括3个方面的内容：优化教学目标,明确一堂优质课的标准;优化教学基础,把握备课阶段4关键;优化教学过程,掌握上课过程4要求。     

新一轮大学英语教学改革

本文讨论了我国大学英语教学现状,新一轮大学英语教学改革的意义和特点,分析了本次大学英语教学改革可能存在的问题,结合我校大学英语教学的具体情况,提出了落实和实施本次教学改革的思路和方法。     

执行国际人发大会《行动纲领》国际社会和各国资金投入状况综述

1994年联合国人口与发展大会后 ,全球用于人口活动的国际援助和国内资金投入逐年增加 ,其总数达到约 110亿美元。国际援助主要包括捐助国双边援助、联合国系统的多边援助及非政府组织私人捐助等。 1999年国际援助达到 2 2亿美元 ,各国国内用于人口活动的资金开支估计达到89亿美元。国际援助资金与联合国人发大会《行动纲领》确定的 2 0 0 0年国际援助应为 5 7亿美元的目标相比 ,仍有较大距离 ,仅达到这一目标的 38%多一点。资金缺乏仍然是限制全面执行《行动纲领》的主要问题之一。     

Quick,uncertain, and delayed adults: timing,sequencing and duration of youth-adult transitions in Canada

The transition from youth to adulthood in western societies has become more prolonged and complex as traditional societal norms have lost influence. Using retrospective data from a cohort of 43-year-old Canadians surveyed in 2010 (n?=?405), we mapped the timing, sequencing, and duration of ‘first stage’ youth-adult transitions (leaving home, finishing formal education, obtaining a full-time job) and ‘second stage’ youth-adult transitions (marriage, parenthood, home ownership). Latent profile analysis identified five distinct transition profiles – norm-setters, quick adults, uncertain adults, adult students, and delayed adults – with different amounts and timing of post-secondary educational investment playing an important profile-shaping role. Although youth-adult transitions have become less standardized and more individualized, especially for first stage transitions, these transitions are still quite structured and continue to be affected by gender and family socioeconomic status.     

Alcohol use and strenuous physical activity in college students: A longitudinal test of 2 explanatory models of health behavior

Objective: To help clarify the effect of gender on the bidirectional relationship between alcohol use and strenuous physical activity in college students. Participants: Five hundred twenty-four (52% female) college students recruited in August 2008 and 2009 and followed up in April 2009 and April 2011, respectively. Methods: Participants reported their alcohol use and strenuous physical activity on 2 occasions (baseline and follow-up) spaced approximately 1 or 2 years apart. Results: For females, alcohol use quantity at baseline was associated with increased strenuous physical activity at 1- and 2-year follow-ups, and alcohol use frequency at baseline was associated with decreased strenuous physical activity at 2-year follow-up. For males, alcohol use frequency at baseline predicted decreased strenuous physical activity at 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: Gender differences may be explained from an eating disorders perspective such that women use physical activity as a compensatory strategy to combat potential weight gain from calories consumed during alcohol use.     

Workplace aggression against health care workers,law enforcement officials,and bus drivers: Differences in prevalence,perceptions, and psychological consequences

Investigations into workplace aggression (WPA) remain largely occupation specific, with few studies using a comparative approach. The aim of the present study was to compare the health care, law enforcement, and public transportation sectors with regards to the prevalence of different types of WPA, the perceptions of workers toward WPA, and the psychological consequences of such acts. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 1,774 workers in Canada. Multinomial regressions were utilized to address the objectives. Findings revealed that verbal abuse victimization was particularly common in bus drivers, witnessing death threats was most frequent among law enforcement officials, and witnessing all types of WPA was most common among health care workers. Although bus drivers did not normalize WPA, they feared complaining about violence to their employer and thought it useless to talk it about unless wounds were visible. Fear of complaining about violence to colleagues was prevalent in health care and law enforcement, both sectors in which WPA was normalized. Finally, flashbacks and irritability following WPA were most likely to affect bus drivers whereas health care workers experienced hypervigilance to a greater extent. Strategies to tailor primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention according to these distinctions are suggested to offer a better-informed response to WPA.