持守与变革：美国儿童发展实验学校的经验与启示

儿童发展实验学校是美国早期教育体系的重要组成,也曾一度被视作教育改革的实验基地,儿童研究和教师教育的前沿阵地。现如今,其面临资金短缺、人才流失、服务时间难以满足大多数家庭需求、儿童研究样本多样化不足等困境。如何基于人类发展生态学理论,持守自身在高校资源、人力资源和硬件设施方面的优势,并通过增设服务项目、扩大招生规模、倡导教师研究,开展校际合作等变革措施突破自身发展瓶颈,是实验学校未来发展的方向。     

建立以本土企业为主体的协同创新机制研究

改革开放以来,我国经济发展取得了巨大成就,但也面临一些重大挑战,特别是本土企业加入、依赖跨国公司主导的产业链,在短期内得以迅速发展的同时,也导致本土产业链出现了断裂和碎片化的问题,这对本土企业的创新和发展是不利的。文章研究在我国建立以本土企业为主体的协同创新机制的基本规律和特点,为提高本土企业的创新能力提供借鉴。研究的主要发现是,这是一个复杂和曲折的过程,在这一过程的启动阶段和转折阶段,非经济因素或者至少是长期经济因素而不是短期经济因素具有独特的、非常重要的作用。     

论"乡政村治"中乡村关系的两种极端走向及调适

“乡政村治”模式在实践中异化村民自治的性质,形成了乡村关系中的诸多复杂矛盾,并向两个极端方向发展:即“附属行政化”和“过度自治化”。据此对这两个极端的现实表现、形成原因进行调查研究,并提出了相应的调适意见。     

管理认知、资源编排与后发企业技术追赶

后发企业技术追赶研究逐渐深入到微观认知基础,但关于管理认知如何驱动技术追赶的机制尚未被充分揭示。通过纵向案例研究,揭示了后发企业高管认知与资源编排动态适配以实现技术追赶的过程。研究发现,在追赶阶段,高管分析型认知通过“纵向资源结构化、稳定性重组、联盟撬动”的资源编排方式进行基本技术积累;在转型阶段,高管创造型认知通过“横向资源结构化、丰富性重组、国际撬动”的资源编排方式获得了新兴技术能力;在超越追赶阶段,高管的悖论型认知通过“双向资源结构化、开拓性重组、平台撬动”的资源编排方式实现了行业技术领先。研究结论既从管理认知视角拓展了技术追赶理论,又为后发企业的追赶实践提供了管理启示。     

中学创新人才培养的实现路径 ———西南大学附属中学的改革实践

“钱学森之问”对学校创新人才培养提出了迫切的要求,西南大学附属中学基于百年历史积淀,立足实际,以理念为先导,以课程为平台,以制度为保障,探索出适合中学实际的创新人才培养路子,诠释了中学创新人才的内涵特征;创新了课程结构、教学方式和学校管理;分层制、导师制、弹性“走班制”和全效立体育人制是创新人才培养的实施模式;以科学的教育理念、强大的师资队伍、多维的课程平台及民主的管理制度为保障机制,取得了明显的成效。     

Service diversification and growth of professional service firms

This study investigates the impact of service diversification on the rate and mode of firm growth in professional service firms (PSFs). Drawing on the extant PSF literature, we identify differing views regarding the growth impact of service diversification. Specifically, some scholars suggest that the external client benefits associated with service diversification should allow PSFs to expand revenues at a rapid pace and pursue less merger and acquisition activity, whereas others imply that increased diversification can cause internal challenges with respect to learning costs, coordination and innovation that can limit the rate of revenue growth and encourage more mergers and acquisitions. We test these competing views using longitudinal data on 137 accounting firms and cross-sectional data on 125 law firms and find that service diversification is negatively associated with the rate of firm revenue growth and positively associated with the use of mergers and acquisitions.     

Supply Chain Strategies and International Tax Arbitrage

What motivates the geographic footprint of the supply chains that multinational firms (MNFs) deploy? Traditional research in the operations and supply chain management literature tends to recommend locations primarily based on differentials in production costs and the ramifications of physical distance ignoring the role of taxation. MNFs that strategically position parts of their supply chains in low‐tax locations can allocate the profits across the divisions to improve post‐tax profits. For the profit allocation to be defensible to tax authorities, the divisional operations must possess real decision authority and bear meaningful risks. Generally speaking, the greater the transfer of risk and control, the larger the allowable allocation of profit. These transfers may also create inefficiencies due to misalignment of business goals and attitudes toward risk. We model these trade‐offs in the context of placing in a low‐tax region a subsidiary that oversees product distribution (as a limited risk distributor commissionnaire, limited risk distributor, or fully fledged distributor). Our analysis demonstrates that the MNF's preferences regarding the operating structures are not necessarily an obvious ordering based on the amount of risk and decision authority transferred to the division in the low‐tax jurisdiction. We derive and analyze threshold values of the performance parameters that describe the main trade‐offs involved in selecting an operating structure. We find some of the optimal decisions to exhibit interesting non‐monotone behavior. For instance, profits can increase when the tax rate in the low‐tax jurisdiction increases. Numerical analysis shows that the Limited‐Risk Distributor structure is rarely optimal and quantifies when each alternative dominates it.     

司法实践中个人信息的保护模式及其反思——以隐私权的转型为视角

在我国司法实践中,司法机关对公民个人信息的保护持能动的态度,采取将个人信息附属于隐私权的保护方式。然而伴随着隐私权的现代性转向,司法实践中个人信息的附属保护模式却遭遇了困境。无论从权利配置还是从个人信息保护机构的运作来看,个案裁决的救济方式都无法建构完整的个人信息保护框架。通过创设以私权为核心的个人信息保护法,实现对私人信息在收录、使用、保存和管理等阶段的有效规制,并形成良性的运作机制,无疑是我国个人信息保护的应然路径。     

Network learning: Episodes of interorganizational learning towards a collective performance goal

Little is known about learning processes in horizontal networks. This study focuses on networks as learning entities, i.e. learning by multiple organizations as a group, and the mechanisms involved in developing and addressing a network-level performance goal. By using a narrative approach, we gather in-depth primary data from network members to examine: how do firms engage in network learning? and, how is network learning coordinated towards a performance goal in a horizontal inter-firm network? Our findings comprise two learning episodes: ‘learning how to compete’ and ‘learning how to perform’. These episodes help us to understand network learning processes; the relationship between network learning and organizational learning; and the regulatory role a hub firm provides towards a collective performance goal.     

遵循创投发展规律深化国有创投公司市场化改革——部分省市国有创投公司调研报告

江苏、浙江及深圳等部分省市国有创投公司成功的原因，在于不断按照市场化、专业化要求推进体制机制创新，突破现行国有评估、考核和激励机制等的束缚。上海国有创投业在国内与深圳创投、江苏高投等公司基本上同时起步，但近年来在实力和影响力方面差距拉大。建议上海国有创投业体现政府职能和市场化的经营活动要分开；国资创投活动要与市场融合特别是与社会资金融合；通过改革和创新突破现有国资规定。