异步化汽轮发电机的双通道励磁控制

论述了异步化汽轮发电机励磁系统双通道励磁控制器的原理结构和基本模型,分析了各反馈项的控制作用。并确定了各反馈系数的符号。还提出了两种控制算法,通过仿真检验了其控制效果。     

Analysis of covariance in mixed models with unequal subclass numbers

Blue of estimable linear functions and exact tests of hypotheses concerning such functions usually do not exist in the covariance model with random factors having unknown variances. This is true even in the equal subclass numbers case. This paper suggests alternative methods for finding linear unbiased estimators and presents methods for computing sampling variances which are linear functions of the unknown parameter variances. Also, higher level covariates are defined and nonestimability problems resulting from association of such covariates with fixed factors are discussed.     

Alternative approaches to testing non-nested models with autocorrelated disturbances

Since departures from the classical assumptions regarding the disturbances in a linear tegression model arise frequently in empirical application, deveral computationally Straightforward procedutes are presented in this paper for testiog non-nested models when the disturbances of these models follow first- or higher-order autoregressive processes. Anempirical example is used to illustrate how the procedures may be used to test competing Keynesian and New Classical non-nested models of unemployment for the U.S using annual time series data for 1955-85.     

Social media,temporality, and the legitimacy of protest

ABSTRACT

This article examines how the rise of social media affects the temporal relations of protest communication. Following a relational approach, it traces how regimes of temporality are constructed and transformed through the entanglement between media infrastructures, institutions, and practices. These regimes involve particular ‘speeds’ -the rate at which media content is renewed – as well as ‘temporal orientations’ towards present, past, and future. The article questions how specific temporal regimes enable or complicate protestors’ efforts to gain public legitimacy. A large body of research suggests that it is difficult to gain such legitimacy in the mainstream news cycle, in which protest is primarily covered from an ‘episodic’ perspective, ignoring larger protest issues. The present analysis suggests that despite the participatory affordances of social media, it has not become any easier to generate sustained public attention for structural protest issues. Drawing examples from three case studies, it demonstrates that the dominant mode of social media protest communication reproduces and reinforces the episodic focus of the mainstream news. While other temporal perspectives on protest are certainly developed in the alternative and mainstream news, as well as in activist social media communication, these do not fundamentally challenge the prevailing temporal orientation towards the present, towards the event.     

Explaining religiosity: towards a unified theoretical model1

The article presents a unified theoretical model, explaining differences in Christian and ‘alternative’ religiosity at individual and collective levels. The model reconstructs and integrates the most important theories explaining religiosity (deprivation, regulation, socialization, cultural production, and ethnicity) as complementary causal mechanisms in a rational‐action based framework. It is maintained that the mechanisms of the various theories are not exclusive, but complementary, and that integration into the general model is both theoretically and empirically beneficial. The model is tested on representative data from Switzerland. Substantively, I find for the Swiss case that Christian religiosity can be best explained by a religious socialization mechanism. The most important mechanisms accounting for alternative religiosity involve deprivation, gender, and age.     

二十一世纪的逻辑与哲学

冯赖特于1991年写道,逻辑学中大多数具有哲学意义的技术性工作似乎均已完成。本文作者以二阶逻辑、直觉主义逻辑、连续统值逻辑、一阶模态逻辑,以及关于绝对无限一般性的逻辑等等为例,说明逻辑学中大量具有哲学意义的技术性工作才刚刚开始。对象语言中的非正统只有通过元语言的非正统才能得以充分探究与公正评价,这种非正统有时是关于逻辑的演绎力的,有时是关于语言的表达力的。两种类型的非正统导致在元逻辑研究方式上的争论。由于这方面工作的动机主要是哲学上的,而且所需要的技术常常具有哲学意味,这项工作必须由哲学家自己去完成。因此,在21世纪,逻辑学将继续受到哲学家的关注,哲学家也将继续对它的进一步发展做出贡献。     

MODEST CHANGES,BIG REVOLUTIONS

In this paper we propose a psychosociological critical theory, which can be applied modestly in particular contexts such as families, organizations and communities. We use discourse analysis as an empirical action-research method, able to study and see families as protagonists with their own history and local culture. We have developed two methodologies, analysis of dominant and alternative discourses and a dialogue based on naïve questions, which have allowed the creation of a link between individual problems and social issues, and have empowered people to do something for themselves and their community. Our methodologies have led us to create a critical and reflective research to resolve psychological problems in families and, at the same time, change the attitudes of their members to more complex social problems, such as gender discrimination, violence, impunity, asymmetric power relations and racism. We propose that social researchers, in particular in Latin America, will take a reflective, critical and political stance, aimed not only at developing knowledge, but also at promoting socio-cultural changes for the families and their communities as a part of the political transformation of society.     

网络文学与传统文学的比较

以第四媒体为介质的网络文学骤然跃马文坛，面对源远流长的几千年的传统文学积淀，网络文学是否会随波而逝？诸多疑问，将在以网络文学的含义为切入点，蕴概网络文学的特质。发展巩固及存在缺陷等方面与传统文学相比较以便探求，以备借鉴。