华北根据地1940年代初期对浪费现象的改造

1940年代,华北根据地出现严重困难局面。与此相对照,浪费现象在华北各根据地普遍存在着。为根除这一现象,中共采取了多种措施。这些措施的推行,在当时对肃清浪费现象、倡导节约之风起到了重要作用,对当今政府反对浪费、倡导勤俭也有重要启示。     

Divorce Chinese Style

This study investigated divorce during China's social and economic transformation period from 1970 to 2012. Specifically, the study examined the trend development of divorce and demonstrated how marriage formation type and individual socioeconomic characteristics were associated with the likelihood of divorce across time. Event‐history analysis was applied to longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (2010–2012 waves). The results showed a threefold increase in divorce from the pre‐1990s to the 1990s. Surprisingly, the trend shifted to a plateau toward the 2000s. When cohabitation was in its rapidly diffusing stage in the 1990s, individuals who cohabited prior to marriage had a substantially higher likelihood of divorce. As cohabitation became increasingly common in the 2000s, its effect on divorce weakened. The role of socioeconomic characteristics in divorce also varied across time. This study enriches the knowledge of family dynamics in contemporary Chinese society.     

No Room for Respectability: Boundary Work in Interaction at a Shanghai Rental

This article examines the dramaturgical challenges of doing boundary work for a group of college women living with non‐college women at an overcrowded rental. To regulate tenant conduct and maintain their sense of self‐worth, the college women engaged in defensive othering and constructed their identity as “high‐quality” people on the basis of their characterization of their less‐educated roommates as “low‐quality” people. Their strategy of gaining self‐worth at their roommates' expense violated basic rules of social interaction that require participants to give face to gain face. This study shows that, in addition to weakening group solidarity and reproducing social inequalities, defensive othering also undermines subordinates' effort to gain self‐worth in the co‐presence of other subordinates. A video abstract is available at http://tinyurl.com/yath4o65     

Gendered double embeddedness: Finding jobs through networks in the Chinese labor market

Inspired by the concept of “double embeddedness,” we argue that the gender gap in network-based job searching depends on the degree of legitimacy of gender status beliefs across institutional contexts. Analyses from the 2008 Chinese General Social Survey show that the gender gap in network-based job searching is larger in the market sector than in the state sector, as the gender status beliefs are more legitimate in the former than in the latter. Additionally, the sector difference of the gender gap in network-based job searching is significant when the resources channeled through networks are information-related, but it is insignificant when the network resources are influence-related. These findings indicate that job searching is double embedded in social networks and in cultural institutions.     

基于“健康中国2020”目标的二维人口健康不公平指数研究

目的：本研究基于“健康中国2020战略”,旨在开发一种可综合评价人口健康公平性的二维指数。这里将公平性定位于“人口健康产出的平等”。方法：应用生态学研究、因子分析等方法对中国31个省、自治区和直辖市的人口健康不公平指数进行测算。之后。对健康不公平指数的信度和效度进行检验。资料主要来源于2003年国家卫生服务调查数据。结果：由8个变量合成的中国人口健康不公平指数（IHI）的中住数为0．27838π（范围：0π～0．39002π）。该指数具有较高的内部一致性（Cronbach α系数＝0．8304）和信度（Spearman相关系数〉0．8．P〈0．05）。IHI与社会剥夺指数（Spearman相关系数＝0．731,P〈0．05）、期望寿命（Spearman相关系数＝-0．569,P〈0．05）和基尼系数（Spearman相关系数=0．805。P〈0．05）间具有较好的相关性。结论：IHI是一种二维、具有较好信度和效度的监测“健康中国2020”战略的指数．它与基尼系数相比在对人口健康公平性的综合评估方面更具优势。该指数还可应用于政策干预效果评价、弱势群体的确定及卫生资源分配等领域。     

少数民族高考加分政策的公正性探究

少数民族高考加分政策实施多年,其公正性屡遭质疑,根本原因在于对该政策的根据缺乏深入而系统的认识。事实上,理性约定和平等原则构成其法律基础,循环累积因果论和帕累托最优为其提供经济学上的理论依据,唯有从这两方面厘清该政策的正当性根据,方可消除种种分歧以及在执行和实施过程中的异化和不合理现象。     

“一带一路”战略为中阿关系发展增添活力

本文对历经六十年的中阿关系进行了回顾,政治上双方相互支持,维护权利,经济上优势互补,合作共赢。2010年底中东发生动荡后,中国一直密切关注,希望阿拉伯国家早日结束动乱、恢复稳定。随着时间的推移,阿拉伯国家会增加对中国尊重国家主权独立、坚持不干涉内政、主张政治解决争端立场的理解,会越来越体会到中国是可以信赖、可以交往的国家。在“一带一路”战略下,中阿关系将茁壮成长。     

“中国梦”语境下青年价值观的整合

中国正处于社会发展与转型的快速时期,青年价值观呈现出前所未有的多元化态势。青年价值观的整合,需要多维的视角,而"中国梦"的提出,则为青年价值观的整合提供了现实的途径。作为主导价值观的表现,"中国梦"可以引导青年自觉地将个人发展与国家富强、民族复兴结合起来,从而达到青年价值观整合的目的。青年应在"中国梦"的引领下,成为身负责任感和使命感的社会发展的中坚力量。     

大学生“中国梦”认同状况调查

大学生是实现"中国梦"的重要后备力量,大学生对"中国梦"的认同状况将深刻影响中华民族伟大复兴的进程。对781名大学生的实证调查发现:"中国梦"得到大学生的广泛认同,但仍有少部分大学生持不赞同态度,高校"中国梦"教育有待加强。大学生对"中国梦"认同指数正影响最大的是命运自我掌控感和亲社会倾向,而负影响最大的是命运受掌控感和个体化程度,因此,加强正向引导非常重要。     

中国青年政治意识的未来发展

青年政治意识作为社会政治现象中的一个特殊方面,对中国、中国特色社会主义乃至中国特色社会主义政治的长远发展都具有重要的现实意义。以社会主义公共意识为基础,以主体性、发展性为一般属性,以政治性、积极性和行动性为特殊属性的政治行动意识作为主体政治心理走向政治人格的重要中介,是中国青年政治意识发展的未来取向,以政治参与意识为中心的青年政治行动意识培养是中国青年政治意识未来发展的重要路径。