苏轼“平淡自然”论及其艺术审美理想

20世纪以来，关于苏轼平淡自然艺术理论研究的文章数量众多，但基本是围绕着苏轼晚年趋于平淡自然风格的追求与他大量的“和陶诗”来谈的。实际上苏轼的“平淡自然”艺术思想有着独特而丰富的内涵，这里从时代风尚、艺术创作、人格境界、情感守护以及人生艺术化等几个方面论述苏轼的“平淡自然”的艺术思想。     

不同的诗人，共同的追求——惠特曼与威廉斯诗作艺术形式的略同之处

惠特曼和威廉斯均是美国诗坛上的泰斗。他们的诗歌在艺术形式上有很多共同之处。二人均倡导自由诗体；主张运用美国本土语言，表现美国自己的东西；注重诗歌的节奏和音乐美感以及色彩的运用。惠特曼在多方面影响了威廉斯，威廉斯在深受其益的同时，多方面发展了惠特曼的优良传统，从而成就了自己在美国文坛上的地位。     

Life-course changes in the mediation of cognitive and non-cognitive skills for parental effects on children’s academic achievement

We assess life-course changes in how cognitive and noncognitive skills mediate the effect of parental SES on children's academic achievement using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort. Our results show: (1) the direct effect of parental SES declines while the mediating effect of skills increases over time; (2) cognitive and non-cognitive skills differ in their temporal sensitivities to parental origin; and (3) in contrast to the effect of cognitive skills, the mediating effect of non-cognitive skills increases over time because non-cognitive skills are more sensitive to changes in parental SES. Our results offer insights into the dynamic role skill formation play in status attainment.     

Family and school capital explaining regional variation in math and reading achievement

We know that inequality varies by region and also begins early in life. Bivariate data suggest that 5–14-year-old children in the 1994 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) score differently in reading and mathematics achievement depending on their region, with children in the South and West scoring lower. We combine literatures on regional bases of inequality and family and school capital to generate hypotheses explaining these differences. Analyses of covariance provide supportive evidence. For both outcomes among boys, the variation is explained by additive models including family and child social and human capital, although selected aspects of school capital are also influential; these models also explain math achievement among girls. A model including both additive and interactive effects explains regional differences in reading achievement for girls. We interpret these findings in terms of their implications for studying inequality in child achievement as well as for emphasizing the importance of regional inequality, particularly beyond the South versus non-South distinction.     

顾客积极反馈对一线员工努力意向的影响分析

尽管顾客反馈会在一定程度上影响一线服务员工的行为和态度，但有关这种逆向于传统营销研究视角的研究成果却很少。实际上，顾客的积极评价行为会增强一线服务员工的成就感，而顾客对服务员工的关系建设行为会增进一线员工感知的人际关系亲近程度，而员工的成就感和人际关系亲近程度的提高能进一步促进服务员工努力意向的提高。     

The Social Ecology of Child Development in the Mexican American Population

Abstract

This article explores the influence of contextual factors on the developmental outcomes of Mexican American children. The contextual structure of child development is conceptualized as a complex system of environments, including the socio-demographic, social service, academic, and parental home environments. Based on an extensive review of the current theoretical and empirical literature, we find that the disadvantaged social position of Mexican American children has detrimental implications for all other aspects of their environment, thus hindering their development. In addition, although Mexican American parents are highly competent in providing a nurturing and culturally-rich environment, there is a often a discontinuity between the home environment and both the academic and the social service environments.     

Longitudinal predictors of reading achievement among at-risk children

Early exposure to multiple risk factors is related to an elevated risk for academic difficulty. Thus, it is important to promote academic resilience as early as possible and to identify factors that support resilience. Given the positive relation between early literacy skills and later academic outcomes, examining resilience in reading is important. This study examined, first, whether the reading gap widens or narrows for below-average and above-average, at-risk children during the first four years of school; and, second, what protective factors predict reading achievement over time from kindergarten through the end of third grade. Results indicated that as a group, low-achieving children made smaller gains in reading than high-achieving children over the first four years of school. In addition, participation in center-based prekindergarten care, plus more access to books in the home, better interpersonal skills, and fewer poor physical conditions immediately surrounding elementary schools served as protective factors for at-risk children's early literacy development.     

鸡鸭名家汪曾祺

汪曾祺被公认为“大器晚成”的作家 ,他不为人知的早期杰作《鸡鸭名家》证明这是个误解。他“晚成”于 2 0世纪 80年代 ,仅仅是由于特殊的时代。然而他又并没有像大部分同时代作家那样被时代“耽误”,反而创作力勃发 ,这是由于他特殊的性格、学识、立场以及艺术天赋。也正是这一切 ,决定了他生趣盎然的大写意风俗画的小说风格。     

教师口语人格形象的艺术魅力及审美价值

教师口语是综合运用多种知识技能实现教师在从教过程中口语表达的应用语言艺术,"诚于内"、"慧于中"、"美于外"是对其人格形象的科学描状,它鲜明地表现了先进文化的深度和广度.教师口语人格形象在教育实践中透散出宽广而深刻的艺术魅力,具有教育功利实现、文辞魅力导引、韵律技巧美育、情景催化感染和风格形象定位的审美价值.     

《傻儿师长》的艺术成就及其对方言剧的贡献

《傻儿师长》是川渝方言剧的重要代表作品 ,它不但为导演束一德赢得了巨大的荣誉 ,而且是方言剧明星刘德益的成名之作 ,它在艺术上取得了较高的成就 ,对川渝方言剧的发展和繁荣起了十分重要的促进作用