Culture,the 'sick role' and the consumption of health

This paper revisits Parsons's conception of the 'sick role' and examines the relevance of his writings on the cultural understanding of sickness to the consumption of health in the contemporary era. In terms of current developments, I focus on the development of pro-active approaches towards the healthy body, and the growth of 'information rich' consumers of health care. These have become prominent themes in sociology, and while Parsons's writings are usually viewed as anachronistic I argue they remain highly pertinent to understanding the emergence of informed, body conscious lay people. If Parsons's analysis of health is more relevant to current circumstances than many critics assume, however, it is not unproblematic. The residual categories associated with the sick role obscure the continued utility of his work on the general cultural values informing health care. It is Parsons's analysis of these values, I suggest, that needs rescuing from restricted understandings of the sick role and highlighting as an important resource for contemporary theorists.     

认真落实“三个代表”的要求，努力加强学校领导班子和干部队伍建设

江泽民同志提出的“三个代表”的科学论断 ,是我们党的立党之本 ,执政之基 ,力量之源。在高校认真落实“三个代表”的要求 ,就要始终不渝地加强党的领导 ,治理好领导班子 ,充分发挥一把手的表率作用 ,深入推进党风廉政建设 ,树立正确的用人观念     

Weight Loss Practices and Body Weight Perceptions Among US College Students

Objective: The authors assessed associations between body weight perception and weight loss strategies. Participants: They randomly selected male and female college students (N = 38,204). Methods: The authors conducted a secondary data analysis of the rates of weight loss strategies and body weight perception among students who completed the National College Health Assessment survey. Results: Half of respondents (50%) were trying to lose weight, although only 28% of students were overweight or obese. Also, 12% of respondents had inaccurate body weight perception. Women and men with inaccurate body weight perception were significantly more likely to engage in inappropriate weight loss strategies than were those with accurate body weight perception. Of all students attempting to lose weight, 38% used both diet and exercise. Conclusions: These data show that college students are interested in weight loss and that body weight perception plays an important role in the desire to lose weight.     

Aging with HIV: Historical and Intra-Community Differences in Experience of Aging with HIV

Gay men living with HIV/AIDS face a complex of health issues, including those associated with the aging process, long-term HIV infection (25 years or more), and side effects from Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). If aging can increase marginalization, this is more likely for the aging HIV positive gay man, who is already marginalized for being queer and living with a stigmatizing disease. This article presents findings from a study of a long-running HIV support group. It locates the members, all gay men living with HIV, in a specific historical and political context to explore how feelings of loss and the struggle to sustain community affect long-term survivors and other older HIV+ gay men. We identify specific challenges presented by aging for men who contracted HIV early in the epidemic, contrasting them with those faced by men infected with the virus later in life. While both groups appear to struggle with a vision of what life could have been, had AIDS not forced loss and change, they also celebrate the community their shared plight has enabled.     

WTO上诉制度的比较研究

本文首先论述了ＷＴＯ上诉制度的组织体制，包括建立的缘由、上诉局的组成、成员的行为守则、上诉局的工作原则及基本程序。随后逐一分析了国际常设法院和国际法院、欧洲委员会和欧洲法院和一审法院、ＦＴＡ／ＮＡＦＴＡ的合议庭和特别异议委员会以及国际仲裁法庭的审查／上诉机制，从各自的异同深刻理解ＷＴＯ上诉制度的特征和成功与不足之处。最后从程序正义的角度对ＷＴＯ上诉制度进行了评析。     

高校建立以贷学金为主体的混合资助模式探讨

我国已经形成了一套对高校家庭经济困难学生资助的体系。文章通过对几年资助体系运行的分析提出针对经济困难学生资助计划要更加优化,更有效地改善低收入家庭学生的生活状态,并对我国高校学生资助制度现状、存在问题及完善进行了思考。     

A Trivariate Distribution for the Height,Weight, and Fat of Adult Men*

Using exploratory data analysis, probability plots, scatterplots, and computer animations to rotate and visualize the data, we fit a trivariate Normal distribution to data for the height, the natural logarithm of body weight, and the body fat for 646 men between the ages of 50 and 80 years as reported by the medical staff of the U.S. Veterans Administration's “Normative Aging Study” in Boston, MA. Although these data do not include any children, women, or young men, the measurements represent the best data that we could find through a 4-year search. We believe that these data are well measured and reliable for men in the specified age range and that these data reveal an interesting statistical pattern for use in probabilistic PBPK models.     

论《红岩》的“身体”革命意识

“身体”是解读《红岩》革命意识的一个重要的维度,从身体的命名、身体的出场仪表、身体的感知系统等身体的构成属性互证自明地凸显了敌、我两种不同的“身体阵营”。革命身体的受虐被演绎成了庄严的凯旋仪式与洗礼典礼。在红色狂欢的受难姿态中“身体”的痛感为一种信仰道义充斥的革命浪漫激情所替代。     

Predicting Severity of Foreign Body Injuries in Children in Upper Airways: An Approach Based on Regression Trees

The entry of a small item into the upper airways is one of the leading causes of injuries in children up to 14 years old. The aim of this study is to characterize types of objects causing choking along with the features of the children involved in the accident and compare results with current standards. The European Survey on Foreign Bodies Injuries Study (ESFBI) collected data on foreign body injuries from 19 European countries. The data from ESFBI were selected according to the ICD-9-CM codes 933 (foreign body in the pharynx and larynx) and 934 (foreign body in the trachea, bronchi, and lungs). Both a classification tree and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) have been set up to predict the probability that an injured child experiences a hospitalization. The classification tree provides flowchart-type decision rules and allows for analyzing the impact of the item features, the children characteristics, and the circumstances of the accidents on the severity of the foreign body injuries. Results showed that children younger than 3.5 who are involved in an accident have a high probability to experience a hospitalization.