Perception of Substance Use Problems in Asian American Communities by Chinese,Indian, and Vietnamese American Youth

SUMMARY

The study was a cross-sectional survey using a convenience sample of 87 Asian American youth respondents to examine their perceptions of substance use problems in the Asian American community. The authors examined respondents' perceptions of the severity of substance use problems in the Asian American community, perceived characteristics of persons with problems of substance use, perceived etiology of substance use problems, beliefs about treatment, perceived help-seeking preferences and helpful services. The youth demonstrated an increased awareness of the severity of substance use problems in the community, although such awareness was more prominent for drinking problems than drug use problems. Respondents showed a positive attitude toward treatment, although such an attitudinal change was not yet accompanied by a change in their behavioral preferences. Findings suggested a tendency for Asian American youth respondents to utilize personal resources rather than professional help or formal treatment programs in response to substance use problems. In addition, respondents shared similar “myths” of Asian problem drinkers and drug users. Implications for developing culturally relevant interventions for prevention and treatment as well as future research are discussed.     

Gauging the Acceptability of HIV Vaccines: An Exploratory Study Examining Knowledge,Attitudes, and Beliefs Among Injecting Drug Users in Viet Nam

ABSTRACT

In contrast to other countries in Southeast Asia, the HIV/ AIDS epidemic is in the initial stages in Viet Nam, although the rates have increased notably since 1997. This study examined attitudes towards the use of an HIV vaccine (when one becomes available) as a means for preventing the disease. Since injecting drug users are the great majority of those affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Viet Nam, two focus groups (n = 18) were conducted among this population to identify potential barriers and incentives for HIV vaccination. Most were willing to be vaccinated if an HIV vaccine were available. Although there were some concerns about side effects, financial costs, and stigmatization, the benefits were seen to outweigh the risks. The findings may help governments better understand the potential demand for this type of vaccine and design social marketing campaigns for post-trial HIV vaccine dissemination in order to maximize potential uptake of an HIV vaccine.     

女性成瘾者基本状况分析及应对措施初探

根据我国女性成瘾者的现状分析看出,在戒毒工作中开展有针对性的女性小组工作是十分必要的,目前女性小组工作的方法已经被证实是行之有效的,并期待进一步的完善和推广.     

强化干预代谢综合征改变心脑血管事件发生风险的纵向随访研究：社区人群心脑血管事件前瞻性研究系列之四

目的了解药物综合干预代谢综合征（MS）是否可以改变发生心脑血管事件的风险。方法采用随机整群抽样南宁市两个社区的1215人符合纳入标准为本次综合干预治疗的研究对象,随机分为强化干预组和对照组。强化干预组人群按照是否患有MS及其相关疾病、疾病前状态（包括高血压、血压前期、肥胖、超重、糖尿病、糖耐量减退、血脂异常）等分别采取不同的强化治疗方案进行干预;对照组人员维持志愿就诊和志愿服药的正常医疗状态,每年随访1次,按WHO—MONICA方案心血管病事件（CVD）的诊断标准登记本年度发生的CVD和死亡事件。结果前瞻性随访研究43．5个月后：①经比较对照组中MS亚组与非MS亚组,MS患者发生心脑血管事件比非MS显著增高（P=-0．02）;②经比较干预组中MS亚组与非MS亚组,干预后MS心脑血管事件下降明显,MS患者发生心脑血管事件与非MS相比无差异（P〉0．05）;③经比较干预和对照两组MS亚组之间心脑血管事件的发生率,干预组为2．7％,对照组为10．1％,差异显著（P=0．03,OR值=4．01,95％CL：1．07—15．10）;两组非MS亚组之间心脑血管事件的发生率分别为2.3％和4．2％,无显著性差异（P=0．12）。结论药物综合干预代谢综合征（MS）可以改变发生心脑血管事件的风险,与对照相比干预后风险降低了约4倍。     

基于利益制衡的三医联动系统良性循环模型构建

医疗卫生改革是一个系统工程,医疗机构改革、医疗保险制度改革和药品生产流通改革是该系统的三大组成部分,它们之间相互关联又彼此牵制。通过对该系统相关主体利益、各子系统之间相互关系的分析,采用系统动力学的方法揭示出其目前恶性循环形成的原因,在此基础上构建出三医联动良性循环模型,并提出政府责任到位、建立医疗机构内部激励和约束机制、完善医疗保险制度是三医联动良性循环的突破口。     

试论新《药品管理法》的特点

通过分析《药品管理法》的特点 :实行GMP和GSP制度 ,加强药品质量的规范管理 ;简化与规范药品的审批程序 ,取消地方药品标准 ;建立处方药与非处方药分类管理制度 ;加强了对药品监督管理部门和药品检验机构的监督。得出结论 ,新法体现科学、规范的现代管理思路 ,具有鲜明的时代特征。最后指出 ,随着新法的实施 ,必将开辟我国药事管理工作的新纪元。     

Radical Social Work in These Contemporary Times

This article explores the educational journey of one man from leaving school in the mid-1970s, at the age of 14, through a period of chaotic drug use, and on to developing his career helping other chaotic drug users back into a “normal” life. Although focused on someone with drug dependency as part of his history, the article exposes issues that potentially underlie the experiences of many learners within working-class communities. In particular, it examines the role of formal and informal education, considers education's ability to liberate or domesticate (Freire, 1972), and examines approaches to learning that support recovery and transformation.     

Pre-arrest drug use and associated risk factors among incarcerated offenders in China

ABSTRACT

Past research has consistently reported a higher rate of drug use before arrest among incarcerated inmates than that of the general population. However, there is a lack of either qualitative or quantitative research on this topic under the Chinese setting. Drawing upon survey data collected from 1,518 inmates in a Chinese province, this study attempts to fill in the research gap by assessing the connection between risk factors associated with pre-arrest use. Roughly a quarter of all inmates in the sample had the experience of drug use before arrest. Regression analysis suggested that impulsivity, volatile temper, and perceived prevalence of drug use in neighborhood were significantly related to drug use among inmates. Two control variables include offense type and stable job, were also found to be significant predictors of drug use. Implications for research and policy were highlighted in the end.     

药名文学的源流、传承原因及评价

药名文学是古代涉医文学的重要组成部分。它发端于南朝,是魏晋人将药名作为一般语汇使用这一语言现象水到渠成的结果,同时也与当时中药学的进步及形式主义诗风有关。唐宋两代药名文学有三方面的发展。元明清时期则出现了药名创作与叙事文学结合的现象。药名文学之所以能传承千余年而不衰,是因为古代文学家普遍拥有医药知识,并以药名文学的新形式来展示这种知识;此外,中药药名繁多,且具有文化意蕴,也是药名文学长期传承的重要因素。对药名文学,不能因为它有文字游戏的一面而简单地加以否定。     

L-白氨酸拆分手性药物的毛细管电泳实验

将教学与科研相结合,以科研成果充实和更新实验教学内容.借助一个快速、简单、实用的毛细管电泳实验,帮助学生了解毛细管电泳分析技术中的一些基本概念及其实际应用情况.