Agricultural policies and development: A socioeconomic investigation applied to Sri Lanka

This paper explores the interrelationship between agricultural policies and development by means of a dynamically recursive, computable general equilibrium model applied to Sri Lanka. The agricultural policies investigated include elimination of the food subsidy, land reform, and technical change in agriculture. The goals considered are the levels and growth rates of GNP and employment, the distribution of income, and the real income level of the lowest income group. The study provides a quantitative assessment of the association between policies and goals and identifies the key economic mechanisms in this association.     

Interest rate policies and inflation in interdependent economies: Recent policy dilemmas

This paper examines Federal Reserve Board policies that are premised on a negative short-run association of interest rate movements and the rate of inflation. In particular, econometric evidence is provided, supporting the view that tighter monetary policy appears to raise inflation rates in the short run. Conversely, it is demonstrated that easier monetary policy does not necessarily raise inflation rates in the short run. In the case of uncoordinated monetary restrictiveness, interest rate competition among major countries can produce higher inflation and lower growth than was originally intended.     

Distributional implications of changes in U.S. petroleum taxation

This article develops a methodology based on input-output relations for the evaluation of excise tax incidence. Since many excise taxes are levied on products that are used not only in final consumption but also as intermediate inputs in the production of other commodities, estimation of the tax burden by the conventional methodology of using direct final consumption may yield inadequate and perhaps misleading results. The input-output methodology developed in this article is applied to the case of the U.S. taxation of petroleum products and the empirical results are compared with similar ones obtained by the U.S. Congressional Budget Office.     

Price vs. revenue stabilization through a buffer stock: Which is more financially feasible for LDCs?

Optimal control theory is used to analyze the implications of the adoption of price and LDC export revenue stabilization objectives by an international buffer stock for cocoa. The results obtained for the period 1956–76 suggest that the stabilization of either price or revenue at systematic trend would reduce the instability of both variables from that during the sample period. Although the stabilization of revenues at systematic trend decreases their average level, the stabilization of price has the opposite effect. Because of this, it may be financially feasible for the LDCs to provide the necessary resources for a price-stabilizing buffer stock.     

从庞德英译中国古诗看奈达的“形式对应”理论

以庞德翻译中国古典诗歌为切入点,追溯了奈达的"形式对应"理论,进而指出这种理论的两面性在翻译过程中,不仅要求内容信息的对等,而且要尽可能地做到形式对应,因为形式也表达意义,改变形式也就改变了意义.     

从普通话诊断看四川方言区的韵母难点--论普通话韵母e[γ]、uo[uo]在四川话中的对应

四川方言区的人学说普通话在韵母上的难点是多方面的,而普通话韵母e、o、uo不相区分是方言区的人带上方音色彩最主要的原因,本文论述了普通话韵母e[γ]、uo[uo]在四川话中的对应关系,以便四川方言区的人能够尽快克服方音,准确地把握好普通话.     

Prospects for trade in manufactured goods between industrial and developing countries, 1978–1990

This paper examines prospective changes in trade in manufactured goods between the industrial and the developing countries. Assuming the continuation of the policies followed by the industrial countries, it is projected that the manufactured imports of these countries from the developing countries would rise at an average annual rate of 12.5% between 1978 and 1980 while their manufactured exports would increase 9 7% a year. Nonetheless, the export surplus of the industrial countries in trade in manufactured goods would rise, contributing to the growth of industrial output. The expansion of their exports of manufactured goods would also contribute to economic growth in the developing countries, and both groups of countries would benefit from specialization according to comparative advantage.     

The impact of higher energy prices on growth and inflation in an industrializing economy: the Korean experience

The first serious problem faced by the Korean economy in recent years is the stagflation caused by the increasing energy cost of imported oil. How much does the oil crisis contribute to Korean inflation and unemployment? To answer the question, a variable input-output model is introduced. It differs from conventional models in one important respect: it allows the industrial structure to change in response to changing input costs. Under the model, the technical coefficient becomes an endogenous variable, a property that conventional input-output models fail to share.     

真之符合论困境与思考

As an important part in the philosophy of language, the issue of truth is a major concern among western philosophers. Philosophers have probed into this issue and put forward various types of theories of truth, such as correspondence theory, coherence theory, pragmatic theory, redundancy theory and semantic theory. Among them, the correspondence theory is the most far-reaching and widely accepted. By translating “truth” into the Chinese “zhen”, this paper interprets a variety of viewpoints on the correspondence theory of truth, analyzes the predicaments in its evolution and attempts to offer some reflections in reference to evidences from psycholinguistics     

真理符合论的逻辑演进、学理困境与可能出路

作为流传最广和影响最大的真理理论,符合论自形成之始就受到来自哲学与科学等领域的批评和责难。生物学、物理学等自然科学提供的实验证据,近代哲学的怀疑主义思潮,以及语言学转向之后的概念框架相对性论证,都对真理符合论的基本观点提出了质疑,从不同角度否定了命题与事实之间的对应关系,否决了符合论的认识论前提。尽管真理符合论存在某些学理困境,反符合论者提出的责难也有一定合理性,但我们应当保留真理符合论的基本气质,它在一种新的关于世界的理解视域中能够获得再生。