Sensory Work of Diagnosis: A Crisis of Legitimacy

Sensory judgments have always been a part of medical practice, as sensory studies scholars have emphasized. However, in current regulatory, management and technological contexts, there is a push toward rational decision-making procedures and test-based evidence over clinical diagnosis. Sociological scholarship highlights that in focusing on explicit medical knowledge and disembodied data we take for granted aspects of healthcare work, including the ways in which health and illness is sensed. Research in sociologies of diagnosis and social studies of science and technology has captured that while the senses continue to play a role in medical work, the status and practice of this sensory work is not straightforward as evidenced by dual use of the senses and tests and the delegation of sensory work. Based on semi-structured interviews with expert doctors in diverse specialties, this article examines the sensory work of medical decision-making, with attention to its legitimacy. It examines applications of the senses from auscultation to ongoing sensing of patients’ bodies unmediated and via technological outputs. While critical to clinical judgments, there is discomfort with this sensory work in light of medico-legal pressures. I argue that the sensory work of diagnosis is vital, to the extent that gaps in sensory information imply gaps in understanding.     

地下钱庄行为的定性与防控——刑法与经济法互动的视角

地下钱庄并非规范的法律概念，我国对地下钱庄法律价值的判断是基于其组织的非正规性而非其行为的违法性，对地下钱庄行为更多地是借助刑法规制和执法严惩而非制度规范和监管指引。以刑法与经济法互动为视角，对地下钱庄所从事的三类主要业务进行具体分析，对相关法律法规予以细致梳理和客观评价，并结合我国金融生态环境和地下钱庄行为特点提出相应的立法建议和防控对策。提出在治理地下钱庄的过程中应当做到经济法规制在前、刑法惩治在后，监管在前、执法在后，宽严相济、疏堵结合。     

“There Aren't Any Gays Here”: Encountering Heteroprofessionalism in an International Development Workplace

Western-oriented workplaces use professionalism as a normative value to sustain and promote a cohesive work environment. Yet, through this qualitative study, the author points out some implications of using professionalism to manage staff relationships and behaviors. Using post-conflict Kosovo as the context, the author examined (a) the work experiences of 8 gay male aid workers and (b) the attitudes toward homosexuality of foreign staff members in 2 international aid agencies. The author introduces and suggests heteroprofessionalism as a root to homophobic and heterosexist behaviors present in the study. Heteroprofessionalism is defined as a professional value that screens out homosexuality.     

“期刊承认”VS“共同体承认”:我国学术知识生产动力机制的“悖论”

"共同体的承认"是知识生产的根本动力,在西方"期刊承认"乃"共同体承认"的有机组成部分,学术人努力生产、发表创新性的知识以赢得"共同体的承认".然而在我国,量化考评下的"期刊承认"并未得到大部分学术人的真正认同,已非"共同体承认"的一部分,学术人生产知识主要是为了取得形式化的"期刊承认"以满足各种实用性的目的,而非生产出创新性的知识以赢得实质性的"共同体承认","期刊承认"与"共同体承认"之间的冲突导致了我国学术知识生产动力机制的失灵.为了化解两者之间矛盾,我们一方面应使"同行评议"机制在各种学术评价活动中占据主导地位,另一方面要进一步完善学术期刊的"匿名评审"制度,以弥合"期刊承认"与"共同体承认"之间的断裂,从而真正激励学术知识的生产.     

Ethnic conflict without ethnic groups: a study in pure sociology1

Despite growing awareness of the limitations of group‐level analyses in ethnic studies, research on ethnic conflict has paid virtually no systematic attention to variation at the individual or micro level. Addressing that gap, the present paper draws upon data from interviews conducted with members of two broadly‐defined categories recently arrived in the Republic of Ireland, Muslims and Nigerians. Results indicate that while members of both immigrant categories experience a good deal of ethnic conflict or hostility, such conflict is rarely collective and invariably varies across individuals. The research data are consistent with Donald Black's theory of moralism. Black's theory, based on his theoretical system known as pure sociology, predicts that ethnic hostility increases with the social inferiority and cultural distance of the immigrant, and that higher status immigrants are more assertive in responding to hostility, though they experience less of it (the status paradox).     

Transcending Existing Traditions of Sociology—A Review of Fei Xiaotong’s Reflections on Sociological Method in His Old Age*

费孝通晚年有关中国社会学方法论的思考开启了超越社会学既有传统的崭新空 间, 这笔精神遗产值得进一步阐释。在费孝通看来, 中国传统文化和智慧中深藏着的 许多观念性资源, 诸如天人合一、将心比心等, 都需要做进一步的界定, 并应以此作 为超越社会学既有传统的支点。

关键词: 费孝通 反思 社会学传统界限

In his old age, Fei Xiaotong’s reflections on Chinese sociological method opened up new room for transcending the existing traditions of sociology. His spiritual legacy is well worth further explanation. According to Fei, traditional Chinese culture and wisdom embodies a wealth of concepts, such as “harmony between nature and man,” “mind for others” and so on, all of which need further definition and should be used as fulcrums for the transcending of sociological traditions.     

“So Tell Me,Why Do Women Need Something Different?”

SUMMARY

There has been a dramatic increase in the number of women in the criminal justice system over the past two decades, creating the need for gender-specific responses and programs in jails, prisons, and community corrections. Systems must adapt to appropriately respond to women and their families. Institutions and community-based organizations must help women to deal with their histories of trauma, violence, and substance abuse. One gender-specific, strength-based, community model for support is presented.     

二胡音乐的地域特色及其社会影响

二胡独奏艺术从上个世纪至今，在众多二胡音乐家的努力下，已经发展成初具规模的各自的流派，有细腻、甜美风韵的南派，有在演奏上比较注重运弓功力的北派，还有富有秦腔、眉户等戏曲特色的秦派等。各流派在特殊的人文社会环境里形成了自己的特色，产生了不同的社会影响。     

引渡背景下的刑事法变革探析

在全球经济一体化步伐加快、各国刑事司法合作日益紧密的当下,如何将逃亡国外的贪官污吏引渡回国、实现正义审判,是一个急迫的现实问题。笔者关注国际法律制度与国内刑法的衔接,以近年引渡实况为背景,从引渡困境切入,探讨国际化背景下的大刑法改革之路,以期通过自身革新实现国际追捕的新跨越。