重“读”《邻居》——反思新时期中国导演对巴赞电影美学理论的误读

通过对电影《邻居》的重新读解,分析八十年代被引入中国的巴赞电影美学理论在指导创作中的误差：并不是运用了巴赞的纪实美学理论就等于是现实主义的创作,同时长镜头也不全部代表巴赞的纪实美学。当时电影界急于寻找新的理论来对抗电影创作的虚假现象,因而还没有全面准确地理解巴赞的纪实美学理论就直接套用,造成对巴赞理论的误读。     

保温层的临界热绝缘直径

通过对传热速率随保温层直径增加而变化的讨论,得出结论,保温层直径必须大于保温层的临界热绝缘直径,才能降低热损失。     

古籍整理与方言的关系

本文分两个部分：第一部分讨论了古籍中因方言的存在而造成了异文和疑难词语的问题；第二部分讨论了古籍训诂应该重视方言的研究成果的问题。总之，本文旨在论述古籍整理与方言（包括古代和现代）研究的重要关系，不重视０方言研究的成果，就难以很好地做好古籍的校勘和训诂工作。     

意识的强化与中日比较文学研究的再发展

中日文学比较研究首先必须强化理论意识 ,突破实证研究的终点 ,把一种“事实”的证明上升为“意义”的阐释 ,“事实———异同———原因———模式”研究思路才是文学关系研究的完整过程。其次 ,在意义研究中必须强化批判意识 ,确立文化的现代化价值取向。中国在东方文化价值论面前必须保持足够的清醒 :当年“东亚一系”、“同文同种”的文化逻辑最终走向了“大东亚共存共荣“的政治逻辑。第三 ,比较文学的思想本质是对民族主义的超越 ,应强化人类意识 ,以促进文学与思想的世界视野的形成     

一种现实主义和功能主义的国家观——读莱昂·狄骥的《法律与国家》

"国家主权论"是近代以来占据主流地位的公法理论,强调国家有凌驾于法律之上的特权.法国公法学家狄骥却独辟蹊径,提出了一种兼具现实主义和功能主义特色的全新理论公共服务论,比较成功地解决了国家受制于法律约束的基本问题,为现代公法奠定了坚实的理论基础.     

英伽登的文学作品存在论与现象学之关系新探

英伽登建构文学理论的最初动机源于与胡塞尔关于观念论——实在论的论争。他试图用对文学作品存在论的分析为解决这一问题提供一个可能的答案。其结论是,文学作品是一种非自主存在的纯粹的意向性对象,是一个由语音构造、意义单元、再现的对象、图式化观相和类时间结构这五个层次组成的异质的多层次构造。     

Developing critical and empathic capabilities in intercultural education through the VaKE approach

One of the core goals of intercultural education is to develop critical and empathic reflection on social justice, particularly as related to humanistic choices and how individuals can counteract exclusion. The present article analyses the Values and Knowledge Education (VaKE) approach, which is aimed at raising awareness about implicit value-oriented priorities in decision-making. Through the Human Development and Capability Approach, the applicability of VaKE’s didactic principles is analysed in relation to young people’s perspectives on resettlement in Europe. The VaKE method was used at a 2013 summer camp in Austria with a culturally diverse group of young Europeans who were presented with a dilemma story that highlighted the complex issue of providing assistance to asylum seekers. The participants engaged in various knowledge and moral viability checks that enabled them to engage with opposing arguments. The participants evidenced critical reflection and self-scrutiny, as well as affiliation and empathic imagination, regarding problems that are encountered by asylum seekers.     

Quality management and performance: a comparison between the UK and Turkey

Purpose: The aim of this article is to detail the correlation between quality management, specifically its tools and critical success factors, and performance in terms of primary operational and secondary organisational performances.

Design/methodology/approach: Survey data from the UK and Turkey were analysed using exploratory factor analyses, structural equation modelling and regression analysis.

Findings: The results show that quality management has a significant and positive impact on both primary and secondary performances; that Turkish and UK attitudes to quality management are similar; and that quality management is widely practised in manufacturing and service industries but has more statistical emphasis in the manufacturing sector. The main challenge for making quality management practice more effective lies in an appropriate balanced use of the different sorts of the tools and critical success factors.

Originality/value: This study takes a novel approach by: (i) exploring the relationship between primary operational and secondary organisational performances, (ii) using service and manufacturing data and (iii) making a cross-country comparison between the UK (a developed economy) and Turkey (a developing economy).

Limitations: Detailed contrast provided between only two countries.     

Optimization of Cascade‐Resilient Electrical Infrastructures and its Validation by Power Flow Modeling

Large‐scale outages on real‐world critical infrastructures, although infrequent, are increasingly disastrous to our society. In this article, we are primarily concerned with power transmission networks and we consider the problem of allocation of generation to distributors by rewiring links under the objectives of maximizing network resilience to cascading failure and minimizing investment costs. The combinatorial multiobjective optimization is carried out by a nondominated sorting binary differential evolution (NSBDE) algorithm. For each generators–distributors connection pattern considered in the NSBDE search, a computationally cheap, topological model of failure cascading in a complex network (named the Motter‐Lai [ML] model) is used to simulate and quantify network resilience to cascading failures initiated by targeted attacks. The results on the 400 kV French power transmission network case study show that the proposed method allows us to identify optimal patterns of generators–distributors connection that improve cascading resilience at an acceptable cost. To verify the realistic character of the results obtained by the NSBDE with the embedded ML topological model, a more realistic but also more computationally expensive model of cascading failures is adopted, based on optimal power flow (namely, the ORNL‐Pserc‐Alaska) model). The consistent results between the two models provide impetus for the use of topological, complex network theory models for analysis and optimization of large infrastructures against cascading failure with the advantages of simplicity, scalability, and low computational cost.