Habits and orders of everyday life: commensal adjustment in Anglo‐French couples

This paper examines processes of habit reshuffling and change in different contexts of household formation, looking specifically at habits regarding eating and commensality. It is based on a study of 14 couples, each with one English and one French partner, half of whom live in France, half in England. We examine the interplay between partners, their determination to eat together as a couple, and the various ‘orders’ associated with their commensal pact (diets, routines, extra‐marital commensality), both when they start as couples and as parents of young children. We draw on the specificity of cross‐national couple experience to cast light on processes of adjustment – to one another, and to the new country of residence for the migrant partner. In particular, we explore the potential of notions of ‘split’ and ‘solid’ ‘patrimonies of incorporated habits’, ‘re‐shuffling’ of habits and dispositions, and ‘habit memory’, to characterize the dynamics of habits at play in each of the orders under scrutiny. Overall, the paper contributes to the analysis of habit as the ‘stuff’ of orders of everyday life.     

The Planned Happenstance Career Inventory: A Cross‐Cultural Comparison

This study examined the measurement invariance and latent mean difference of an English version (J. H. Lee et al., 2017) of the Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI; B. Kim, Jung, et al., 2014) across cultures. Participants were 262 American and 291 South Korean undergraduates. Measurement invariance results indicated that the 5‐factor structure was adequate for both groups and that conditions for configural, metric, and partial intercept invariance were met. Latent mean analysis was used to compare the mean scores of the PHCI skills (curiosity, flexibility, persistence, optimism, and risk taking). The latent means of curiosity, flexibility, persistence, and optimism were higher among South Korean undergraduates, but no significant difference was found regarding risk taking. Career counselors should consider differences in planned happenstance perceptions across cultures to provide better career guidance. Future studies are needed to verify the distinctive nature of flexibility by replicating the factor structure of the PHCI with other samples.     

Organizational identity in acculturation in cross-border acquisitions: Implications for HRD practitioners in global M&A

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of organizational identity in acculturation, or organizational culture development, between the acquired and the acquiring organizations during a cross-border acquisition. The goal is to identify how long-term and short-term employees identify with the acquired organization, and the implications for acculturation for both groups. It is also to help identify implications for Human Resource Development Practitioners in this process. The long-term employees (more than seven years) of the acquired organization identified more strongly with the organization than the short-term (three or less years) employees in this study. The short-term employees seemed to welcome the acquiring Multinational Company (MNC), and readily adapted to their multicultural identity, while long-term employees were more concerned with maintaining the reputation of the original organization. The study provides Human Resource Development (HRD) practitioners with a better understanding of how and why organizational identity is an important aspect to consider in the acculturation process in cross-border mergers and acquisitions. It also provides insight into how to work with organizational identity with acquired organizations in integration and adaptation to the new organization by understanding the differences in organizational identity of long-term and short-term employees in India.     

基于DEA交叉评价的中部六省服务业效率

通过建立服务业效率的DEA交叉评价模型,对中部六省2009年传统服务业与新兴服务业效率的测度和进一步分解的实证结果表明：DEA交叉评价能够克服传统DEA模型的缺陷,得到合理的排序结果;新兴服务业是六省竞争的关键,同时应推动传统服务业改造,不断提升效率水平。     

大数据时代执法合作中个人数据跨境保护问题研究

为打击跨国网络犯罪,维护国家安全,各国积极开展双边或多边的执法合作,其中对个人数据的保护问题成为关注的焦点.执法领域个人数据保护的全球标准尚未形成,美国和欧盟因数据保护立法的差异性和对隐私权概念的不同理解,在致力于协调两国数据保护立法上进行了诸多尝试,美国和欧盟签订了一系列数据分享协定,比如《欧盟—美国双边法律互助协定》《旅客订座记录协定》《环球银行金融电信协会协定》等,但这些数据分享协定有不同的数据保护标准.为了重建跨大西洋数据流动的信任,美国和欧盟达成了《欧美数据保护总协定》,为美国和欧盟提供综合性的执法领域数据保护框架.根据美国和欧盟的经验,我国应积极参与全球多边规则的制定、统一国内个人数据保护规则、针对执法领域个人数据保护进行专门立法、分阶段和分部门与境外执法机构订立双边协定.     

Parental Education and Family Dissolution: A Cross‐National and Cohort Comparison

This is the first study to systematically analyze whether the association between parental education and family dissolution varies cross‐nationally and over time. The authors use meta‐analytic tools to study cross‐national variation between 17 countries with data from the Generations and Gender Study and Harmonized Histories. The association shows considerable cross‐national variation, but is positive in most countries. The association between parental education and family dissolution has become less positive or even negative in six countries. The findings show that the association between parental education and family dissolution is generally positive or nil, even if the association between own education and family dissolution is in many countries increasingly negative. The authors find suggestive evidence that the association is related to the crude divorce rate, but not to the generosity of the welfare state in these countries. The implications of these findings for understanding the stratification in family dissolution are discussed.     

浅议非语言交际在跨文化交际中的差异特点

本文介绍了非语言交际的定义、种类、作用 ,阐述了非语言交际在跨文化交际中的差异 ,供外语学习者在跨文化交际中加以借鉴和研究     

Household Composition Among Elders in Sub‐Saharan Africa in the Context of HIV/AIDS

Cross‐sectional and repeated surveys from household components of Demographic and Health Surveys in sub‐Saharan Africa were examined to determine whether household composition indicators for older adults (N = 52,573), involving offspring and grandchildren, correlated with national levels of AIDS mortality. One in 4 was living with a grandchild whose own parents were absent. Absence was a result of residence elsewhere and parents being deceased. Older adults in countries with a high accumulation of AIDS mortality were more likely to live in a skip‐generation household and with a double‐orphaned grandchild and less likely to live in a 3‐generation household. Change in living arrangements toward skip generation and a double orphaned household was experienced in countries with high accumulation of AIDS mortality.     

由《宠儿》解读莫里森笔下的黑人男女关系

托尼·莫里森的小说《宠儿》曾被部分评论家指责为是对黑人男性的污蔑。实际上,莫里森关注黑人男女关系,她理解和同情黑人男性在美国社会中的特殊处境,她的小说既揭示了黑人男性在白人男权观念影响下的弊病,也赋予了他们自我拯救与帮助他人的潜能。本文结合对小说《宠儿》中塞丝和保罗曲折爱情故事的分析,解读莫里森笔下的黑人男女关系,强调两性间和谐关系对黑人社区延续发展的重要性。     

跨文化交流中的理解误差

实现不同文化背景下人与人之间的相互理解与相互认同,克服跨文化交流中的理解误差,进而改变来自于强势国家的文化偏见,是保护和发展文化多样性的重要保证。过去由于种种原因我们在国际舞台上所处的被动地位造成了我们在文化交流方面的失语状态,进而失去了我们与西方主流社会进行文化对话的机会,现在随着我国综合国力的提升,使我们赢得了重新展现中国形象的历史机遇,为此我们应当塑造的是一个与经济中国相互统一的文化中国的形象,使中国在摆脱了贫穷、落后的经济形象的同时,彻底改变封闭、僵化的文化形象。在这个历史过程中如何消除跨文化交流中的理解误差,校正历史造成的文化偏见,是我国文化发展的重要问题。