英汉词汇化情感隐喻探索的新模式 ——评《隐喻，词源和文化：基于语料库的探索和方法论反思》

概念隐喻理论自诞生之日起,就引起了认知语言学界的热评。莱氏的概念隐喻,主要关注语言的共时层面,对历时层面关注不够,在许多方面引发了争议。《隐喻,词源和文化：基于语料库的探索和方法论反思》采用比较词源学与比较互证的研究方法,利用英汉平行对应词汇隐喻语料库,从共时、历时的角度,对英汉词汇化隐喻进行了详尽的探讨,揭示了英汉两种语言中概念隐喻和隐喻词汇的文化理据。该书既是对概念隐喻理论的补充与修正,又是对词汇化隐喻研究的全新探索,将在语言教学、翻译和文化研究等领域产生重要影响。     

Cross-validating fit and predictive accuracy of nonlinear quantile regressions

The paper proposes a cross-validation method to address the question of specification search in a multiple nonlinear quantile regression framework. Linear parametric, spline-based partially linear and kernel-based fully nonparametric specifications are contrasted as competitors using cross-validated weighted L ₁-norm based goodness-of-fit and prediction error criteria. The aim is to provide a fair comparison with respect to estimation accuracy and/or predictive ability for different semi- and nonparametric specification paradigms. This is challenging as the model dimension cannot be estimated for all competitors and the meta-parameters such as kernel bandwidths, spline knot numbers and polynomial degrees are difficult to compare. General issues of specification comparability and automated data-driven meta-parameter selection are discussed. The proposed method further allows us to assess the balance between fit and model complexity. An extensive Monte Carlo study and an application to a well-known data set provide empirical illustration of the method.     

交叉上市公司跨市套利投资策略实证研究

当资本市场处于分割状态时,交叉上市的同一家上市公司的股票通常存在着同股不同价现象。针对此价差的问题,本研究将探讨若以此价差作为投资策略基础,在不考虑交易成本及市场上无放空限制的情境下,是否可以产生套利机会。实证结果显示利用两股价的价差问题作投资策略,确实可以得到套利利润。     

基于流程的制造类企业质量管理组织设计

针对制造类企业质量管理职能及组织结构运行中存在的普遍问题,对运行中涉及的主要质量管理职能进行梳理,并提出基于流程的质量管理组织设计,描述了组织设计的结构框架,主要有跨职能团队、高层管理、质量总监、职能部门以及支撑该结构的质量信息平台和质量文化。最后,应用案例说明制造类企业质量管理组织设计的方法。     

Service Completion Estimates for Cross‐trained Workforce Schedules under Uncertain Attendance and Demand

Although cross‐trained workers offer numerous operational advantages for extended‐hour service businesses, they must first be scheduled for duty. The outcome from those decisions, usually made a week or more in advance, varies with realized service demand, worker attendance, and the way available cross‐trained workers are deployed once the demands for service are known. By ignoring the joint variability of attendance and demand, we show that existing workforce scheduling models tend to overstate expected schedule performance and systematically undervalue the benefits of cross‐training. We propose a two‐stage stochastic program for profit‐oriented cross‐trained workforce scheduling and allocation decisions that is driven by service completion estimates obtained from the convolution of the employee attendance and service demand distributions. Those estimates, reflecting optimal worker allocation decisions over all plausible realizations of attendance and demand, provide the gradient information used to guide workforce scheduling decisions. Comparing the performance of workforce scheduling decisions for hundreds of different hypothetical service environments, we find that solutions based on convolution estimates are more profitable, favor proportionately more cross‐trained workers and fewer specialists, and tend to recommend significantly larger (smaller) staffing levels for services under high (low) contribution margins than workforce schedules developed with independent expectations of attendance and demand.     

Power Enhancement in High‐Dimensional Cross‐Sectional Tests

We propose a novel technique to boost the power of testing a high‐dimensional vector H : θ = 0 against sparse alternatives where the null hypothesis is violated by only a few components. Existing tests based on quadratic forms such as the Wald statistic often suffer from low powers due to the accumulation of errors in estimating high‐dimensional parameters. More powerful tests for sparse alternatives such as thresholding and extreme value tests, on the other hand, require either stringent conditions or bootstrap to derive the null distribution and often suffer from size distortions due to the slow convergence. Based on a screening technique, we introduce a “power enhancement component,” which is zero under the null hypothesis with high probability, but diverges quickly under sparse alternatives. The proposed test statistic combines the power enhancement component with an asymptotically pivotal statistic, and strengthens the power under sparse alternatives. The null distribution does not require stringent regularity conditions, and is completely determined by that of the pivotal statistic. The proposed methods are then applied to testing the factor pricing models and validating the cross‐sectional independence in panel data models.     

Commuting assignments in mainland China: cost and benefits of cross‐border work arrangements

With the close economic relationship between Hong Kong and the Mainland, work‐related commuting across the border is emerging as a common work/family arrangement in Hong Kong. To examine the costs and benefits of this at the individual and family levels, a cross‐sectional survey with quota sampling was conducted. The target group of the survey was couples with one spouse working across the border and their children between the ages of 8–17, if there were any. A resilience perspective was adopted to address both the positive and negative impacts of the work arrangement on family relationships.

Findings of the survey indicate that disruption in the fulfillment of parental obligations is the most significant cost of the cross border work arrangement. Fathers are more likely to be marginalized in their parental role due to their higher frequency of travel and limited contacts with the children. For mothers with children at dependent age, limitations in parental involvement due to the work arrangement bring a strong sense of guilt. Work‐family conflict significantly intensified their intention to end the cross‐border work. On the other hand, the results indicate that commuting assignments can be stimulating and enriching to a marriage. To maximize the benefits of the cross‐border work arrangement and minimize its negative impacts, family‐friendly work policies and a family‐friendly work schedule are strongly recommended. Successful coping strategies and the necessary resources for the successful adjustment should be further examined.

随着香港与内地密切的经济关系，与跨境工作有关的工作/家庭安排正成为一个在香港常见的现象。为了研究这种安排在个人和家庭层面上的成本效益，作者进行了一个具有代表性的配额抽样调查。调查的对象是其中一方需跨境工作的夫妇；以及如他们有子女的话，子女的年龄必须介乎8至17岁之间。本研究同时处理跨境工作安排对家庭关系的正面和负面影响。

调查结果发现，未能履行父母的义务是跨境工作安排最大的成本。由于频密的跨境工干和跟子女的接触有限，父亲更容易被排斥于其父亲的角色以外。由于跨境工作的安排以致未能与仍然是依赖年龄的子女有更多的联系，也为母亲带来强烈的罪疚感。工作与家庭的冲突大大增加了他们结束跨境工作的意愿。另一方面，研究发现这种工作安排可以刺激和丰富婚姻。为了发挥跨境工作安排最大的好处，并尽量减少其负面影响，作者强烈建议有利雇员发展家庭生活的工作安排。有效的的应对战略和所须的资源则需要进一步的研究。     

民营企业跨国经营组织模式的选择

民营企业在跨国经营中要选择适合自身发展的组织模式,中小民营企业一般应选择“集群”组织模式,大型民营企业一般应选择“集团”组织模式,成长起来的现代跨国企业还可以选择“联盟”组织模式。无论采取何种模式,关键是要深化分工与协作,形成内部一体化或外部一体化的协同效应,取得规模效益和减少交易费用,实现价值链的增值。     

简析美国金融混业经营后的交叉行销

2 0世纪 90年代 ,在美国银行业进入金融混业经营的进程中 ,交叉行销成为商业银行和投资银行并购之后采用的主要经营方式。交叉行销在银行业的成本削减、效益改进、经营多样性提高、规模和范围经济等方面 ,取得了十分明显的经济效益 ,但也面临着来自银行业不同管理风格和企业文化的一些冲突和争端。     

句法、语义、语用之间的互参互动关系

语法结构是一个多层面整体系统,系统的内部成分以及不同平面之间构成互参互动的制约和对应关系.一定的句法形式总是对应于一定的语法意义和语用特征,反之亦然.句法、语义和语用任何一个平面中的现象,在其他平面都有相对应的表现形式.