Job loss and family adjustments in work and schooling during the Mexican peso crisis

We use individual data from a panel of families during the depth of the peso crisis in Mexico to investigate whether the transition of the male household head from employment into unemployment affects the labor force participation of his spouse and children. We find that significant added-worker effects are in operation especially for adult females (wives), but no evidence that the labor force participation, the school attendance, and the likelihood of advancing to the next school grade of teenage males are influenced by the event of unemployment of the household head. The head's unemployment is significantly associated with a higher probability that teenage females do not attend school. However, lower attendance does not appear to impede their advancement to the next grade.

数字经济对地区经济增长差距的影响效应分析

文章基于中国30个省(自治区、直辖市)2013—2020年的面板数据,运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型和空间杜宾模型等方法,实证检验了数字经济发展对地区经济的影响及其传导机制。研究发现,数字经济发展显著缩小地区之间的经济差距,运用工具变量估计、替换被解释变量、剔除异常值等方法进行稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立。中介效应分析表明,地区创新能力是数字经济缩小地区间经济差距的重要机制。空间溢出效应分析表明,数字经济发展对地区间经济增长差距的缩小具有负向的溢出效应。空间异质性分析表明,东部地区数字经济发展对地区经济增长差距的缩小效应相比中部、西部地区更显著;南、北方的异质性分析表明,北方地区数字经济发展对地区经济增长差距的缩小的积极作用比南方更显著。最后,为我国发展数字经济、充分发挥数字经济对缩小地区经济差距,实现地区间协调发展提出政策建议。     

校园媒体对大学校园文化建设的功能探析

校园媒体对大学校园文化建设的主要功能是舆论引导功能和文化上的同构建设功能。深受世界范围内媒体环境变革的影响,校园媒体对校园文化建设的功能面临新挑战。为应对这一挑战,校园媒体在舆论引导功能上要加强舆论导向与传播效果的统一、党性原则与受众意识的统一;在媒介文化建设上要深入研究“三贴近”方法,办有亲和力的校园权威媒体。本文同时还探讨了新形势下校园媒体新作用的正负效应及相应对策。     

Heterogeneous treatment effects on Children's cognitive/non-cognitive skills: A reevaluation of an influential early childhood intervention

The 1962–67 High/Scope Perry Preschool Program, a well-known experimental early childhood intervention study that provided quality preschool education to disadvantaged children, has been shown to have had positive impacts on early child development and on a variety of adulthood outcomes. However, most previous analyses have only examined average treatment effects across all program participants without exploring possible effect heterogeneity by children's background characteristics. We investigated this question by first using the 1964–65 Current Population Survey data in combination with the Perry data to construct a scale of child socioeconomic status based on the estimated propensity for inclusion in the Perry program, then analyzing effect heterogeneity within the Perry sample by strata of our socioeconomic scale. We found that the treatment effects of enrollment in the Perry preschool on cognitive and non-cognitive skills were much larger and more persistent among the most disadvantaged children than among others in the Perry program. Furthermore, among the most disadvantaged children, the treatment (i.e., preschool enrollment) affects later outcomes through a reinforcement mechanism of skill development (i.e., early cognitive gain leads to a non-cognitive gain, which in turn leads to later cognitive gain) and a sequential improvement of cognitive skills over time. These findings have important implications for the evaluation of policy interventions in early child development using experimental data.     

Accurate estimation for extra-Poisson variability assuming random effect models

In this study, the components of extra-Poisson variability are estimated assuming random effect models under a Bayesian approach. A standard existing methodology to estimate extra-Poisson variability assumes a negative binomial distribution. The obtained results show that using the proposed random effect model it is possible to get more accurate estimates for the extra-Poisson variability components when compared to the use of a negative binomial distribution where it is possible to estimate only one component of extra-Poisson variability. Some illustrative examples are introduced considering real data sets.     

数字经济对城乡居民收入差距影响研究——兼论城镇化的门槛效应

数字经济为缩小居民收入差距带来了新机遇,而“数字鸿沟”又可能引发新的贫富差距。研究数字经济对城乡居民收入差距的影响,对于认识和缩小差距,实现共同富裕具有重要意义。文章基于2011—2020年31个省域面板数据,通过构建静态、动态面板模型及门槛模型,分析数字经济对城乡居民收入差距的影响。研究发现:省域层面上,数字经济显著缩小城乡居民收入差距,且该影响具有单一门槛效应。在城镇化水平较低时,数字经济对城乡收入差距的影响不显著;当城镇化水平越过门槛值,数字经济水平显著影响城乡收入差距的缩小。异质性分析发现,我国南北地区呈现出不同的效应,北方省份城乡收入差距受数字经济水平影响较小,而南方较大。     

Does community social embeddedness promote generalized trust? An experimental test of the spillover effect

Despite the theoretical relevance attributed to the spillover effect, little empirical research has focused on testing its causal validity. Addressing this gap in the literature, I propose a novel experimental design to test if the overall density of social links in a community promotes trustworthy and trusting behaviors with absolute strangers. Controlling for social integration (i.e. the individual number of social connections), I found that density fosters higher levels of trust. In particular, results show that people in denser communities are more likely to trust their unknown fellow citizens, encouraging isolated subjects to engage with strangers. However, evidence did not support the idea that community social embeddedness causes an increase of trustworthiness, indicating that the spillover effect works only with respect to trust.     

Leader negative feedback-seeking and leader effectiveness in leader-subordinate relationships: The paradoxical role of subordinate expertise

From a motivational perspective of feedback-seeking behavior, we examined the mediating role of leaders' negative feedback-seeking from subordinates in the relationship between the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) and subordinates' evaluation of leader effectiveness, along with the moderating role of subordinate expertise in the mediated relationship. Using 151 unique matched sets of leader and subordinate reports obtained from 5 large Korean companies, we found that the positive relationship between LMX and leader effectiveness was mediated by leaders' negative feedback-seeking. Additionally, the positive relationship between LMX and leader negative feedback-seeking was stronger when perceived subordinate expertise was lower. Lastly, the indirect effect of LMX on leader effectiveness through leader negative feedback-seeking was stronger when perceived subordinate expertise was lower. These findings were obtained after controlling for leaders' power distance and goal orientations that might influence their motives to seek or avoid feedback. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

日本护理保险的制度效应分析

面对人口老龄化程度的不断加深以及由此带来的社会保障制度困境,日本政府以建立护理保险制度为突破口,拉开了社会保障基础体制改革的序幕。经过8年的制度运作,日本护理保险的制度效应得失并存,一方面在一定程度上实现了老年护理服务的"由国家到地方"、"由官到民"和"由家庭到社会"的转型,初步达到了制度设计之初的目标;另一方面也带来公平性、地方财政困难和制度整合缺失等问题,对护理保险制度的可持续性带来挑战。     

国际环湖赛事资源对青海民族地区的效应分析

本文借鉴事件研究方法,并以相关部门总结报告为依据,探讨了环湖赛对民族地区带来的经济效应和社会效应.