地方政府效率变动对企业“走出去”的影响——基于2004—2012年省级面板样本的检验

提高政府效率、全面推进“走出去”战略是现阶段的热门议题。在探讨政府效率与企业对外直接投资两者互动的基础上,通过直接效应和调节效应双重机制阐述表明：政府效率变动将会影响企业对外直接投资规模,提高政府效率将直接降低企业对外直接投资的难度,从而加速企业“走出去”的进程;与此同时,政府效率的提升亦间接改善了国内投资环境,进而抑制企业对外投资的热情。实证经验分析结果进一步验证以上两种效应均显著存在,并通过求解得出政府效率提升对企业对外投资规模的总体净效应为正,即在一定时期内政府效率的提升将有效助力企业加速“走出去”的进程。     

归属于中华文化圈的新疆

归属于中华文化圈的新疆,与中原相比小异而大同,而从自然和人文地理、地缘文化和地缘政治三个方面分析,帕米尔东西,有同更有异。今日之新疆,政局稳定,经济发展,不仅有利于中华民族的伟大复兴,而且也有利于地区乃至世界和平发展。     

Barriers to girls' education in Mozambique at household and community levels: an exploratory study

Although education of children is universally accepted as a leading mechanism of poverty eradication and social development, many developing nations continue to struggle in achieving gender parity in primary and secondary education. While Mozambique has recently accelerated its efforts to reduce this gap, girls are still enrolled and attending school at a much lower rate than boys. The present study explored the barriers to children's – especially girls' – education in central Mozambique, based on information on 738 children in two separate communities. Household, child, environmental, and social/cultural factors are examined in the context of global and regional data. The study found girls to be impacted more negatively by every correlating factor, including the lingering practice, in rural areas, of early marriage. Policy and research implications are discussed.     

企业薪酬管理公平性研究

在对薪酬差距现状深入思考的基础上,提出了公平的薪酬管理的有关对策,并对其他相关的薪酬管理问题进行了探讨。公平的企业薪酬管理,是企业与员工高度关注的问题,它涉及整个社会的和谐与发展。公平合理的薪酬制度可以提高企业员工的满意度,促进企业健康有序的发展。     

当前我国收入分配差距的原因及对策分析

改革开放以来,我国取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。但在人民生活水平普遍提高的同时,居民收入分配的差距正在日益扩大,已严重影响到社会的和谐稳定和经济的平稳发展,成为社会广泛关注的一大热点问题。在客观分析我国贫富差距的现状、原因基础上提出了相应的对策。     

Capturing gendered aspects of active aging in China: Insights drawn from the Active Aging Index in comparison with EU countries

This paper extends the Active Aging Index (AAI) to China to measure active aging among men and women over the age of 55. The strength of the AAI approach lies in its selection of a dashboard of multidimensional indicators of active aging, which are then aggregated into composite measures. The analysis used here considers the differences between men and women on 22 AAI indicators and their aggregations. China scores high on the first domain of the AAI (employment), is comparable with the EU countries on the second (participation in society), and scores lower on the third and fourth domains (independent and health living, and capacity and enabling environment). China has one of the largest gender gaps in active aging, especially in employment, but also in the domain of “Independent Living.” The comparison with EU countries points to a number of policy priorities and learnings, including the removal of disincentives to women working longer, namely differential mandatory and occupational retirement ages, and the introduction of measures to make workplaces more age and gender friendly.     

中国城乡居民消费差距的现状及其影响因素分析——基于1996-2009年省际面板数据的实证研究

城乡消费差距是中国城乡贫富差别的突出问题之一,文章在阐述1978年以来城乡消费差距现状的基础上,应用30个省份1996—2010年的面板数据,通过系统广义距估计,对影响中国城乡消费差距的因素进行实证分析,结果表明,城乡居民消费差距偏大且存在区域差异,比较参数估计结果后发现,人均GDP的增长导致城乡消费差距缩小,城市化率和产业结构升级等对缩小城乡消费差距也有着积极作用,城乡居民的收入比与消费比呈正相关,财政支出的增加反而加剧城乡消费差距。最后在定量分析的基础上得到政策启示。     

Part II: Multisystemic Therapy: Addressing Racial Disparity and Its Effectiveness With Families From Diverse Racial and Ethnic Backgrounds

Disparities in health and mental health care delivered to racial and ethnic minorities became a focus of national policy following reports of the Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2002 Institute of Medicine . ( 2002 ). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care . Washington , DC : National Academies Press . [Google Scholar]) and the Surgeon General (USDHHS, 2001). The Surgeon General (USDHHS, 2001) reported racial and ethnic minorities experience disparities in availability and quality of mental health services compared to whites. Two challenges that intersect and compound each other are the disproportionately high numbers of African American children in child welfare with unmet mental health needs remaining in their homes or placed in relative's homes after a substantiation of child maltreatment (USDHHS, 2002 Institute of Medicine . ( 2002 ). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care . Washington , DC : National Academies Press . [Google Scholar]) and the lack of culturally appropriate, effective home-based treatments available to them. This study compared outcomes for the youth who received Multisystemic Therapy (MST) controlling for the impact of race and ethnicity. The findings provide further evidence for child welfare practitioners to consider when working with children and families from diverse populations in decision-making.     

Pathway to Health Literacy in Korean American Immigrants: The Mediating Role of English Proficiency

This study investigated predictors of and pathways to health literacy among Korean American immigrants residing in New York City (n = 407). Social Cognitive Theory guided the study and the Chew et al. 16-item health literacy screening scale was employed. Structural equation modeling using Mplus 4.21 tested the proposed conceptual model. Findings revealed that education and English proficiency were the most influential predictors of health literacy; education was directly associated with health literacy and indirectly through language proficiency. Predictors of greater English proficiency included higher levels of education, younger age, and unmarried status. The findings suggest that immigrants with minimal English abilities, little education, and no health insurance have particular intervention needs, perhaps best met by a patient-centered approach focusing on individual language needs and cultural health beliefs.     

Racial and Gender Differences in Pressure Ulcer Development Among Nursing Home Residents in the Southeastern United States

Objective: To determine whether there is a difference in the incidence of pressure ulcers (PU) between African American (AA) and White nursing home (NH) residents in the Southeastern United States. Methods: Data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Minimum Data Set were examined for 113,869 residents who were free of PU at NH admission during 1999–2002. Facility and neighborhood characteristics were abstracted from the Online Survey Certification and Reporting database and the 2000 U.S. Census respectively. Results: The incidence of PU in NH among AAs and Whites was 4.7% (95% CI: 4.4–5.0) and 3.4 % (95% CI: 3.3–3.5) respectively. The association between race and PU development varied between males and females. Differences were noted between AA and White males who were dependent in mobility and between AA and White females who were bedfast and resided in facilities with less than 200 beds. Unlike for females, facility and neighborhood characteristics were not significant confounders in risk for PU incidence among males. Conclusion: PU occurred more frequently in AAs than in Whites. Results suggest that racial differences are marked among males and females with specific characteristics. Interventions for reducing this disparity should target these at-risk groups.