我国城乡收入差距的主要影响因素及对策

城乡差距过大问题已经成为目前我国经济发展的重要瓶颈,本文通过因素归类和计量模型分析,定量测算了我国城乡收入差距的主要影响因素贡献,并提出了相应的对策建议,这对于我国实现“城乡统筹”战略目标、建设和谐社会具有十分重要的意义。     

缩小城乡收入差距哪种社保类型更有效？——基于财政社保与社会保险的比较分析

党的十九届五中全会将共同富裕纳入2035年远景目标,社会保障具有较强的针对性和直接性,是缩小城乡收入差距、实现共同富裕的重要手段。基于此,运用2009—2019年全国31个省级行政区划单位的面板数据,基于包含财政社保水平和社会保险水平的数理模型分析了二者对城乡收入差距的影响,通过空间相关性和非线性假设对问题展开研究。研究表明,省际城乡收入差距具有正的空间相关性,财政社保水平可以有效缩小城乡收入差距,并且随着劳动力市场化进程,其政策效果将会逐步凸显。社会保险水平缩小城乡收入差距的作用较弱,主要原因在于养老保险制度难以适配劳动力市场化进程,而医疗保险和其他社会保险水平则相反。基于以上研究,我国应当增加财政社保支出,因地制宜地调整社会保险制度,形成缩小城乡收入差距的合力。     

Social investment agenda setting: A personal note

This article reconstructs how, under the umbrella of the Europea Union (EU), discreet opportunities for EU social policy agenda setting opened for academic expertise from the late 1990s to the 2020s. This began with the Dutch presidency of the EU in the first half of 1997, endorsing the notion of ‘social policy as a productive factor’, followed by the 2000 Lisbon strategy for Growth and Social Cohesion in the open economy. The social investment landmark publication was Why We Need a New Welfare State, written by Gøsta Esping-Andersen et al., for the Belgian presidency of 2001. Ultimately, cumulative academic insights and feedback from country-specific reform experiences found their synthesis in the Social Investment Package in 2013. EU political codification of social investment took effect with the adoption of the European Pillar of Social Rights in December 2017. The paper concludes on the future for social investment with some personal reflections as an engaged scholar.