我国研究生培养机制改革下“三助”成本分担研究

随着我国研究生教育规模不断扩大,有限的高等教育公共财政资源日趋紧张.在高校研究生培养机制改革的背景下,分析了研究生"三助"工作的现状,探讨了研究生"三助"成本分担中导师对助研劳酬的分担、学院和任课教师对助教劳酬的分担、学校行政部门对助管劳酬的分担以及社会和企业的成本分担问题,并提出了相应的对策.     

文白之辨——译经史上文质之争的实质

汉译佛经不但对佛教的传播起到重要作用,而且成为中国近代汉语发展的一股原动力。译经伊始,就出现了所谓文质问题。学界倾向性的看法一般认为译经中的文与质实际上是指意译与直译,即译经方法问题。译经史上的文质之争虽与意译、直译有一定关系,而其最关键者乃在于语言上的文与白,以文言翻译则显文,以白话翻译则为质。     

Nonparametric control charts based on runs and Wilcoxon-type rank-sum statistics

In this article, we introduce three new distribution-free Shewhart-type control charts that exploit run and Wilcoxon-type rank-sum statistics to detect possible shifts of a monitored process. Exact formulae for the alarm rate, the run length distribution, and the average run length (ARL) are all derived. A key advantage of these charts is that, due to their nonparametric nature, the false alarm rate (FAR) and in-control run length distribution is the same for all continuous process distributions. Tables are provided for the implementation of the charts for some typical FAR values. Furthermore, a numerical study carried out reveals that the new charts are quite flexible and efficient in detecting shifts to Lehmann-type out-of-control situations.     

阳明心学的工夫论分析

学术界对宋明理学的研究一般以本体、境界、工夫为理论重心。在儒学德性修养理论体系之中,本体、境界与工夫之间是一种"互文性"的关系。在阳明心学中存在着两种工夫理论,它们体现着阳明心学德性修养论的基本特点。通过对这两种工夫论的分析,我们可以进一步阐解本体、境界、工夫三者之间的深层联系。     

Two new estimators for the proportion of true null hypotheses in multiple test

In multiple hypothesis test, an important problem is estimating the proportion of true null hypotheses. Existing methods are mainly based on the p-values of the single tests. In this paper, we propose two new estimations for this proportion. One is a natural extension of the commonly used methods based on p-values and the other is based on a mixed distribution. Simulations show that the first method is comparable with existing methods and performs better under some cases. And the method based on a mixed distribution can get accurate estimators even if the variance of data is large or the difference between the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis is very small.     

A new confidence interval in measurement error model with the reliability ratio known

For the slope parameter of the measurement error model with the reliability ratio known, this article constructs a fiducial generalized confidence interval (FGCI) which is proved to have correct asymptotic coverage. Simulation results demonstrate that the FGCI often outperforms the existing intervals in terms of empirical coverage probability, average interval length, and false parameter coverage rate. Two examples are also provided to illustrate our approach.     

论WTO《SPS协定》“适用地区”条款及我国的对策

WTO《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》(Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosani-tary Measures,简称SPS协定)第六条"适应地区条件"将地区划分为"疫病非疫区"和"低度流行区",由于该条在解释上留有一定的弹性并且国际社会缺乏统一的规范文件,致使适用时出现了许多问题。该条规定的价值取向是既要保护本国或地区内的人员或动植物免受其他地区病虫害之威胁,又要促进成员方国际贸易的发展。要同时实现这两种目标,建立病虫害非疫区并赋予成员方根据其适当保护水平之需要确定合适的贸易地区之权利不失为一种可行的办法。我国应以SPS委员会的各项相关制度为根据,加强与相关国际组织的联系,积极研究我国主要农产品进出口成员之卫生和植物卫生状况和适当保护水平,在此基础上完善对病虫害非疫区或低度流行区承认的法律制度,促进我国对外贸易的发展。     

水权范畴研究

建立水权制度的目的是促进水权交易,即定"源"以促"流",因而水权理论建构应遵循的原则是:凡不能或不宜流通的权利均不应纳入水权范畴。水权即取水权,是主体从国家所有的水资源中分离一定量之水并取得其所有权的权利。水权不应包括水资源所有权、水资源经营权、水所有权、水环境权。     

“抬类词”共时分布的历时考察

表示“两人或两人以上合力举物”义,现代普通话用“抬”,方言中还有“扛”和“舁”,历史上这些词之间存在着竞争替换关系.从东汉起“舁”一直是通语中的主导词,直到明代被“抬”所取代;与“舁”基本同期出现的“扛”,历史上很可能是一个南方方言词,元以来也曾北上过,只是清以后逐渐从北方撤出;“抬”始见于唐代,明代以后逐渐成为新的通语主导词,“抬”很可能起源于江淮官话,然后往北往南扩散     

论《易大传》的朴素辩证法思想

《易大传》总结了先秦时期的朴素辩证法，形成了比较完备的体系，取得了独特的成就。主要是：发展了阴阳概念，使之上升为表述事物对立同一关系普遍原理的哲学范畴；研究了对立面之间的关系以及它们推动事物发展的作用，着重揭示了对立双方的交感、和谐是生命流程之创造、发展的根据；赋予辩证发展观以价值意义，并提炼为“刚健、笃实、辉光、日新”的“健行”精神，从而对于人生意义具有重大影响。这就奠定了中国古代哲学朴素辩证方法的理论基础，使中国古代哲学形成了自己的特点与独有的价值