高校女性管理人员工作满意度质性研究

采用自编的半结构访谈提纲对浙江省某高校11名女性管理人员进行深度访谈,通过对访谈内容的类属分析以及与前期量化研究结果的比对,发现个人发展、工作回报、工作压力、工作时间、工作成就、工作关系、组织气氛、工作条件是影响高校女性管理人员工作满意度的八类因素。针对八类因素的不同影响和作用,建议注重高校女性管理人员职业生涯特殊阶段的规划,在录用考核、薪酬晋升等制度设计中增加性别敏感度,在高校组织氛围建设中强化女性关爱。     

农民工工作应激与工作倦怠的实证分析——基于成都、重庆农民工的调查

对成都、重庆367名农民工调查数据的分析表明,两市农民工的工作应激和工作倦怠均比较严重;工作应激与工作倦怠关系密切,工作与非工作冲突、工作质量和工作负荷可以显著预测工作倦怠总分和耗竭维度,工作质量可以显著预测人格解体,角色冲突和工作负荷可以显著预测成就感降低。用人单位、相关职能部门乃至全社会,需要降低农民工的工作压力,改善和提高他们的待遇,提高他们的心理健康水平。     

农民工就业满意度及其影响因素研究——基于北京市抽样调查数据

针对农民工群体的就业状况问题,以北京外来农民工为研究对象,基于抽样调查数据,在问卷量表的基础上构建了就业满意度指数,分别分析了农民工背景信息、工作情况、收人情况以及主观感受对就业满意度的影响。通过建立多元回归模型,揭示了多种因素如何共同作用影响就业满意度的高低,特别揭示了收入增加和收入公平性,是提升就业满意度的重要手段。     

领导-成员交换关系对新员工社会化的影响

以领导-成员交换关系(LMX)理论为切入点,把进入企业2年内的新员工作为研究对象,通过实证分析方法,提出了组织社会化过程的工作清晰化和社会融合维度是领导-成员交换和工作满意度与离职意向之间的中介桥梁。研究结果发现:(1)LMX与组织社会化过程的工作清晰化、社会融合都存在显著正向关系;(2)LMX与工作满意度显著的正相关,而与离职意向之间显著的负相关;(3)工作清晰化与工作满意度显著的正相关,而与离职意向显著的负相关;(4)工作清晰化在LMX与工作满意度、离职意向的关系中起部分中介作用,但社会融合在LMX与工作满意度、离职意向的关系中的中介作用不显著。     

任务特征对人-组织匹配与员工绩效关系的调节作用

研究检验了任务特征对“人-组织价值一致性”与任务绩效关系的调节作用。结果发现任务非常规性会强化人-价值一致性与员工绩效考核成绩的负关联,而任务依存性会弱化人-价值一致性与员工绩效考核成绩的负关联。研究提出一种非线性模型描述“人-组织匹配”与员工绩效之间的关系,该模型可以较好地解释为何以往研究对于“人-组织匹配”与员工绩效关系的结论不一致的现象。     

我国特殊工时制度存在的问题及完善对策

我国现行特殊工时制度,即综合计算工时工作制和不定时工作制,存在规定笼统、标准不一,监管缺位、制约不足,职工利益难以保障,刚性过强等弊端。文章通过对该制度现实状况和法律属性的分析,借鉴部分国家、地区的相关制度,提出以突出劳资协商和保护劳动者权益为重点、弱化行政管制、对特殊工时制加以改革的完善建议。     

非均匀分布式星载雷达栅瓣抑制技术研究

分布式星载雷达突破了单星雷达受功率孔径积的限制,具有更远的探测距离;突破了单星雷达受天线基线长度的限制,具有更窄的波束宽度,但是会产生较多的孔径干涉栅瓣.文中研究了一种分布式星载雷达的栅瓣抑制方法,该方法采用遗传算法来确定超稀疏的非均匀分布式星载雷达阵列的位置矢量,利用个体的实值编码提高了遗传算法的计算效率.＃在给定卫星阵列基线长度和卫星间最小间距约束的条件下,通过仿真实验验证了该方法抑制栅瓣的有效性.卫星个数越多,栅瓣抑制效果越好.随着小卫星技术的发展以及小卫星成本的降低,文中基于非均匀分布阵列的栅瓣抑制方法对小卫星的分布设计具有一定的参考价值.     

从大学生网上开店行为看高校创业教育

创业教育在国外越来越普及,并形成创业热潮,而目前,中国大学生创业比例还不到毕业生总数的1％,创业成功率也非常低。本文通过对在校大学生网上开店情况的调查与研究,了解大学生网上开店的现状以及对网上开店的态度等,指出在高等学校开展大学生创业教育的必要性。     

Flexible Backup Supply and the Management of Lead‐Time Uncertainty

We consider replenishment decisions for a constant rate demand environment from a supplier with uncertain lead times. We study the potential use of a flexible backup supplier as an emergency response to accurate lead‐time information arriving at (or close after) the beginning of the demand interval and well after an original order with the stochastic lead‐time supplier has been placed. The emergency response decisions involve whether to order and how much from the flexible backup supplier, with the objective of minimizing the cost of meeting demand. We derive the optimal emergency‐response policy and clearly outline its implications on the optimized safety lead time of the original order placement and on the cost of meeting demand. We examine the impact on the use of the flexible backup supplier of factors like the arrival time of accurate lead‐time information and the response lead time of the backup supplier. We further study the potential benefits of the use of the flexible backup supplier in a dual role: as one of the two suppliers in a redundant supply system assigned to originally meet the demand and as an emergency response to later‐arriving lead‐time information. Our numerical studies illustrate the benefits from the use of the flexible backup supplier as an emergency response, but for reasonable purchase premiums and short lead times of flexible backup supply options, their use in a dual (regular and emergency response) role often leads to improved performance over safety lead‐time single and uncertain lead‐time supplier‐replenishment strategies. The benefits of the backup supply options are accentuated the higher the lead‐time uncertainty of the stochastic lead‐time supplier is.     

Route‐Independent Analysis of Available Capacity in Flexible Manufacturing Systems

In a job shop, because of large setup times, each operation is assigned to only one machine. There is no alternative routing. In a flexible manufacturing system, each manufacturing operation can often be performed on several machines. Therefore, with automated equipment, the capacity of a machine to perform certain operations is not independent of the capacity of other machines. Often, however, operations managers can use a route‐independent answer to production planning questions. For example, how much can be produced of a certain part type and when are important capacity questions in business negotiations, when the detailed routing and scheduling are not yet of interest or cannot be known. This paper provides a mathematical model for the route‐independent analysis of the capacity of flexible manufacturing systems based on a concept of operation types. An example is provided both to illustrate the use of operation types and to highlight the differences between the traditional route‐dependent and the proposed route‐independent formulations of capacity constraints. Some computational results are also given. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is developed to analyze the feasibility of production plans when production requirements and machine capacities can change.