基于微粒群算法的单机不同尺寸工件批调度问题求解

提出了一种改进的具有全局搜索能力的微粒群算法,对工件尺寸有差异的单机批调度问题的制造跨度进行优化。针对问题中工件尺寸不同且分批加工的特点,设计了微粒的编码方式;对进化过程中产生的极优解,采用了混沌优化策略进行改进,避免早熟收敛的问题。仿真实验结果表明,本文算法的时间性能和近似解质量均优于现有的其他方法。     

Participation of seniors in the Argentinian labour market: An option value model*

The aim of this article is to define the factors which determine seniors' decisions to continue to participate in the labour market in Argentina. An option value model is developed. This model is used to produce estimates based on micro‐data drawn from household surveys. These indicate the relative importance of the impact of conditions governing eligibility for benefits on decisions to remain actively employed. Work history is found to be the main factor in such decisions. Inadequacy of social security benefits and accumulated human capital also create incentives for economic participation in old age. On the basis of these findings, compensatory policy adjustments, to improve coverage, increase benefit levels and improve employment conditions for seniors, are proposed.     

关系网效力的边界:来自新兴劳动力市场的实证分析

社会网络是影响社会经济行动及其结果的重要因素。作为社会网络的一种类型,关系网植根于中国文化并广泛渗透于经济和社会生活的各个领域。根据对城市求职者所作的深度访谈,本文着重探讨在劳动力市场改革的制度背景下,求职者使用关系网对其就业过程产生的效力,并分析该效力的影响边界及其理论含义。研究发现,随着市场改革的深入,关系网在就业过程中仍然发挥着显著作用,但是,其效力受到工作单位的所有制性质、劳动力市场的竞争程度,以及岗位的技能要求等因素的影响;关系网的效力边界与转型社会的制度安排密不可分;中国社会的“关系网”概念比西方学界研究的“社会网”概念具有更丰富的内涵。     

John A. Buzacott and His Pioneering Contributions to Manufacturing and Service Systems

John A. Buzacott is a pioneering and premier contributor to the field of production and operations management. He has been a principal architect of the development of a unified framework and a rigorous engineering foundation for many of the major approaches currently used in the design, planning, and control of manufacturing and service systems. His innovative use of stochastic models to explain many phenomena occurring in manufacturing and service organizations has distinguished him not only as a great researcher but also as a great teacher. His contributions have inspired scholars throughout the world. We provide an overview of John's research works and accomplishments.     

职务消费泛化及其治理对策

职务消费与个人消费间的界限模糊,经济人“理性行为”的恣意延展,体制、制度的不健全与监督约束机制的不完善,使得职务消费行为扭曲,致使国有资产流失,职业道德沦丧,管理功能弱化。为根治职务消费泛化,应构建一套完整的制度体系,重塑监督机制,加大惩处力度,从根本上杜绝职务消费行为的泛化。     

Validation of the ultra-short scale for measuring work engagement among social workers in Chinese contexts

Based on 683 valid questionnaires collected among a convenience sample of social workers from Hong Kong, Macau and three other cities in mainland China, this study investigated the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the three-item ultra-short Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (C-UWES-3). The results of confirmatory factor analyses supported the discriminant validity of C-UWES-3 by differentiating its three items from other five items measuring emotional exhaustion and role ambiguity. The concurrent validity of C-UWES-3 was supported by its superior explanatory power to the original nine-item version of the scale (C-UWES-9) in relation to explaining social workers' turnover intention. The convergent validity of C-UWES-3 was supported by its correlations vis-à-vis factors in the job demands-resources model such as job demands, job resources, turnover intention and collective psychological ownership. The C-UWES-3 showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81). Overall, the C-UWES-3 demonstrates excellent psychometric properties for informing future research.     

Lessons from meta‐analyses of randomized clinical trials for analysis of distributed networks of observational databases

Networks of constellations of longitudinal observational databases, often electronic medical records or transactional insurance claims or both, are increasingly being used for studying the effects of medicinal products in real‐world use. Such databases are frequently configured as distributed networks. That is, patient‐level data are kept behind firewalls and not communicated outside of the data vendor other than in aggregate form. Instead, data are standardized across the network, and queries of the network are executed locally by data partners, and summary results provided to a central research partner(s) for amalgamation, aggregation, and summarization. Such networks can be huge covering years of data on upwards of 100 million patients. Examples of such networks include the FDA Sentinel Network, ASPEN, CNODES, and EU‐ADR. As this is a new emerging field, we note in this paper the conceptual similarities and differences between the analysis of distributed networks and the now well‐established field of meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We recommend, wherever appropriate, to apply learnings from meta‐analysis to help guide the development of distributed network analyses of longitudinal observational databases.     

论习近平青年观指导高校学生工作的实践价值

习近平青年观是马克思主义青年观在市场化和网络化时代的新发展,也是开展青年工作、促使青年成长成才的重要理论指导,对于优化高校的思政、就业和管理等学生工作具有重要意义。当前高校以习近平青年观为指导开展学生工作,在思政、就业、管理和安全等学生工作中取得了丰硕成就,但也面临着思政工作效果不佳、大学生就业质量不高、学生管理方式僵化、学生安全事件屡发等问题。所以应该以习近平青年观指导高校学生工作改革,创新学生思政工作的理念、方法和平台,完善学生就业指导机制、创新创业平台,完善学生安全管理机制,推动学生管理规范化和法治化建设。     

Climate,stress and satisfaction: a multilevel study in the public sector / Clima,estrés y satisfacción: un estudio multinivel en el sector público

The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of role ambiguity on the relationship between climate and job satisfaction in local public administration. Taking the job demands-resources model (JD-R) as the starting point, a multilevel mediation analysis was used to determine the influence of the different services within the sample. The sample consisted of 196 employees in 29 integrated services of two local corporations. Results confirm the job demands-resources model by showing multilevel partial mediation of role ambiguity in the relationship between climate and job satisfaction of public employees. These results indicate the importance of climate in organizational contexts and its implications for reducing role stressors while strengthening and maintaining the wellbeing of employees.