数字技术应用、经济政策不确定性与企业双元创新

采用2009—2019年中国A股上市公司数据,从双元创新视角出发,实证检验了经济政策不确定性背景下企业数字技术应用的创新效应。研究表明,数字技术应用能够显著促进企业探索式创新和利用式创新;经济政策不确定性正向调节了数字技术应用与探索式创新之间的关系,但对数字技术应用与利用式创新之间关系的调节效应不显著;数字技术应用的双元创新效应、经济政策不确定性的调节效应会因企业产权性质、所处生命周期及高科技属性的不同而存在差异性。以上研究结论有助于深入理解企业数字化转型在经济政策不确定性下的战略价值,为企业在环境不确定性增强的背景下加快数字化转型进程、释放数字技术的创新赋能效应提供理论依据。     

中国经济增长对民生民富包容性的区域差异评价

中国经过30多年的改革开放,社会财富较过去大为丰富,但与此同时,区域发展水平差异较大,各个地区收入水平和均衡程度、社会福利、公共服务等方面各有不同,不同区域分享改革成果的水平存在显著差别,必须以包容的增长思想统筹全国发展。采用因子分析方法对全国31个省市区经济增长对民生民富的包容度进行了测度,结果显示目前京沪等经济发达地区对民生民富的包容水平明显领先于中西部地区。整体来看,各地经济发展水平与当地经济对民生的包容状况具有较强的正向关系。     

论科学发展观与民族地区经济社会发展

民族地区是中国经济社会发展相对滞后的地区.建国以后,尤其是改革开放以来,通过国家的大力支持和各民族的努力,民族地区的经济发展取得了令人瞩目的成就.但是,随着市场经济体制改革的进一步深化,西部民族地区与东部地区的发展差距越来越大,促使我们反思传统发展观对民族地区经济社会发展的影响.而科学发展观的提出和确立,为民族地区打破传统发展观的束缚提供了理论指导.当然,更重要的是要在西部开发中落实和贯彻科学发展观,实现民族地区经济社会的全面、协调、可持续发展.     

Industrial relations and adjustments to the crisis: A comparative micro‐statistical analysis of France and Great Britain

In this comparative study, the authors analyse the relationships between industrial relations and workforce or wage adjustments in response to the 2007–08 crisis, using two highly comparable establishment‐level surveys conducted in Great Britain (WERS) and France (REPONSE) in 2010–12. Notwithstanding contextual differences in the countries’ productive systems and the timing and impact of the crisis, the relationships between industrial relations and adjustment strategies appear to have been similar (trade union presence not preventing adjustments). Differences in industrial relations are therefore not found to provide an explanation for the different modes of adjustment observed at the macroeconomic level.     

A critical approach to wage devaluation: The case of Spanish economic recovery

In line with the orientation of EU economic policy, the Spanish government has favoured a strategy of internal devaluation as a way of adjusting price levels within the currency union. The results of empirical studies indicate that the internal devaluation applied in Spain does not seem to have attained the desired goals in terms of reducing the relative prices of exports and consolidating a model of growth based on external demand. Indeed, the estimates drawn up show that tailwinds – the depreciation of the euro and the fall in risk premium as results of the measures taken by the ECB, greater economic activity by trading partners and the fall in the price of oil – exercised a decisive influence in the trends followed by the prices of exports and the balance of trade during the period of crisis management in Spain.     

Participatory shaping of community futures in e‐waste processing hubs: Complexity,conflict and stewarded convergence in a Palestinian context

This article describes an unconventional participatory development approach carried out in an informal e‐waste hub in South‐West Hebron, an area that has collected and processed the bulk of Israeli e‐waste for over a decade. Our approach contributes to the critique and recovery of community representation in participatory development and the search for ways to facilitate representative community engagement. Specifically, we describe our use of a novel Delphi‐like method that allowed us to facilitate a broadly endorsed development trajectory within a heterogeneous and conflicted community. We show how the results yielded by this approach diverged from those that were likely to emerge from more facile forms of participation in ways that are important for other similar e‐waste hubs internationally, which face a destructive status quo on the one hand, or the economically ruinous international policies that ban e‐waste trade from “developed” to “developing” countries on the other. Despite real tensions and cleavages within the affected communities, the process described facilitated a shift from deadlocked environmental versus livelihood positions towards building capacity and regulating existing informal e‐waste trades to preserve livelihoods dependent on these.     

Gender egalitarianism,perceived economic insecurity,and fertility intentions in Spain: A qualitative analysis

Economic uncertainty contributes to low fertility in many European countries. On the other hand, greater gender equality may positively influence fertility. This paper examines how these two forces interact in Spain. We use in-depth interviews to analyse fertility decision-making among young and highly educated partnered adults living in urban areas. Highly gender-egalitarian interviewees are less likely to perceive economic insecurity as an obstacle to proceeding to a next birth than less egalitarian interviewees. But there is not necessarily a difference in these two groups’ overall fertility intentions, as highly egalitarian interviewees’ greater valuation of stable employment for both partners requires institutional and policy support for dual-earner couples’ childrearing. When we look only at interviewees who express economic insecurity, somewhat higher fertility intentions are expressed by those holding less gender-egalitarian attitudes. Our results underline the complexity of the interrelationships between economic insecurity, gender egalitarianism, and fertility intentions.